Determinism (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Determinism" in English language version.

refsWebsite
Global rank English rank
2nd place
2nd place
5th place
5th place
3rd place
3rd place
179th place
183rd place
18th place
17th place
4th place
4th place
11th place
8th place
1st place
1st place
69th place
59th place
26th place
20th place
207th place
136th place
40th place
58th place
low place
low place
485th place
440th place
14th place
14th place
710th place
648th place
1,053rd place
701st place
low place
low place
209th place
191st place
621st place
380th place
low place
low place
3,324th place
2,257th place
120th place
125th place
1,592nd place
1,119th place
731st place
638th place
102nd place
76th place
3,413th place
2,445th place
7,035th place
9,229th place
70th place
63rd place
low place
low place
low place
low place
2,798th place
4,271st place
low place
9,148th place
580th place
462nd place
low place
low place
low place
low place
1,476th place
1,056th place
274th place
309th place
low place
low place
7th place
7th place
305th place
264th place
610th place
704th place

alberteinstein.info

archive.today

arizona.edu

thrive.arizona.edu

arxiv.org

berkeley.edu

eecs.berkeley.edu

bitstorm.org

books.google.com

  • Franklin, Richard Langdon (1968). Freewill and Determinism: A Study of Rival Conceptions of Man. London, New York: Routledge & K. Paul. ISBN 978-0710031570. OCLC 42756.
  • Robert C. Solomon; Kathleen M. Higgins (2009). "Free will and determinism". The Big Questions: A Short Introduction to Philosophy (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 232. ISBN 978-0495595151.
  • Ernest Nagel (1999). "§V: Alternative descriptions of physical state". The Structure of Science: Problems in the Logic of Scientific Explanation (2nd ed.). Hackett. pp. 285–292. ISBN 978-0915144716. A theory is deterministic if, and only if, given its state variables for some initial period, the theory logically determines a unique set of values for those variables for any other period.
  • Far Western Philosophy of Education Society (1971). Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Far Western Philosophy of Education Society. Far Western Philosophy of Education Society. p. 12. 'Determinism' is, in essence, the position which holds that all behavior is caused by prior behavior. "Predeterminism" is the position which holds that all behavior is caused by conditions which predate behavior altogether (such impersonal boundaries as "the human conditions", instincts, the will of God, inherent knowledge, fate, and such).
  • Anne Lockyer Jordan; Anne Lockyer Jordan Neil Lockyer Edwin Tate; Neil Lockyer; Edwin Tate (2004). Philosophy of Religion for A Level (OCR ed.). Nelson Thornes. p. 211. ISBN 978-0-7487-8078-5. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  • Iannone, Abel Pablo (2001). "Determinism". Dictionary of World Philosophy. Taylor & Francis. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-415-17995-9. Theological determinism, or the doctrine of predestination: the view that everything which happens has been predestined to happen by an omniscient, omnipotent divinity. A weaker version holds that, though not predestined to happen, everything that happens has been eternally known by virtue of the divine foreknowledge of an omniscient divinity. If this divinity is also omnipotent, as in the case of the Judeo-Christian religions, this weaker version is hard to distinguish from the previous one because, though able to prevent what happens and knowing that it is going to happen, God lets it happen. To this, advocates of free will reply that God permits it to happen in order to make room for the free will of humans.
  • Wentzel Van Huyssteen (2003). "Theological determinism". Encyclopedia of Science and Religion. Vol. 1. Macmillan Reference. p. 217. ISBN 978-0-02-865705-9. Retrieved 22 December 2012. Theological determinism constitutes a fifth kind of determinism. There are two types of theological determinism, both compatible with scientific and metaphysical determinism. In the first, God determines everything that happens, either in one all-determining single act at the initial creation of the universe or through continuous divine interactions with the world. Either way, the consequence is that everything that happens becomes God's action, and determinism is closely linked to divine action and God's omnipotence. According to the second type of theological determinism, God has perfect knowledge of everything in the universe because God is omniscient. And, as some say, because God is outside of time, God has the capacity of knowing past, present, and future in one instance. This means that God knows what will happen in the future. And because God's omniscience is perfect, what God knows about the future will inevitably happen, which means, consequently, that the future is already fixed.
  • Raymond J. VanArragon (2010). Key Terms in Philosophy of Religion. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-4411-3867-5. Retrieved 22 December 2012. Theological determinism, on the other hand, claims that all events are determined by God. On this view, God decree that everything will go thus-and-so and ensure that everything goes that way, so that ultimately God is the cause of everything that happens and everything that happens is part of God's plan. We might think of God here as the all-powerful movie director who writes script and causes everything to go accord with it. We should note, as an aside, that there is some debate over what would be sufficient for theological determinism to be true. Some people claim that God's merely knowing what will happen determines that it will, while others believe that God must not only know but must also cause those events to occur in order for their occurrence to be determined.
  • Stambaugh, Joan (1994). "Amor dei and Amor fati: Spinoza and Nietzsche". The Other Nietzsche. SUNY Press. pp. 79–81. ISBN 9781438420929.
  • Balcerowicz, Piotr (2016). "Determinism, Ājīvikas, and Jainism". Early Asceticism in India: Ājīvikism and Jainism. Routledge Advances in Jaina Studies (1st ed.). London and New York: Routledge. pp. 136–174. ISBN 9781317538530. The Ājīvikas' doctrinal signature was indubitably the idea of determinism and fate, which traditionally incorporated four elements: the doctrine of destiny (niyati-vāda), the doctrine of predetermined concurrence of factors (saṅgati-vāda), the doctrine of intrinsic nature (svabhāva-vāda), occasionally also linked to materialists, and the doctrine of fate (daiva-vāda), or simply fatalism. The Ājīvikas' emphasis on fate and determinism was so profound that later sources would consistently refer to them as niyati-vādins, or 'the propounders of the doctrine of destiny'.
  • Leaman, Oliver, ed. (1999). "Fatalism". Key Concepts in Eastern Philosophy. Routledge Key Guides (1st ed.). London and New York: Routledge. pp. 80–81. ISBN 9780415173636. Fatalism. Some of the teachings of Indian philosophy are fatalistic. For example, the Ajivika school argued that fate (nyati) governs both the cycle of birth and rebirth, and also individual lives. Suffering is not attributed to past actions, but just takes place without any cause or rationale, as does relief from suffering. There is nothing we can do to achieve moksha, we just have to hope that all will go well with us. [...] But the Ajivikas were committed to asceticism, and they justified this in terms of its practice being just as determined by fate as anything else.
  • Basham, Arthur L. (1981) [1951]. "Chapter XII: Niyati". History and Doctrines of the Ājīvikas, a Vanished Indian Religion. Lala L. S. Jain Series (1st ed.). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 224–238. ISBN 9788120812048. OCLC 633493794. The fundamental principle of Ājīvika philosophy was Fate, usually called Niyati. Buddhist and Jaina sources agree that Gosāla was a rigid determinist, who exalted Niyati to the status of the motive factor of the universe and the sole agent of all phenomenal change. This is quite clear in our locus classicus, the Samaññaphala Sutta. Sin and suffering, attributed by other sects to the laws of karma, the result of evil committed in the previous lives or in the present one, were declared by Gosāla to be without cause or basis, other, presumably, than the force of destiny. Similarly, the escape from evil, the working off of accumulated evil karma, was likewise without cause or basis.
  • Garfield, Jay L. (2014). "Just Another Word for Nothing Left to Lose: Freedom, Agency, and Ethics for Mādhyamikas". In Dasti, Matthew R.; Bryant, Edwin F. (eds.). Free Will, Agency, and Selfhood in Indian Philosophy. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 172–185. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199922734.003.0008. ISBN 9780199395675. LCCN 2013017925.
  • Bishop, Robert C. (2011). "Chaos, Indeterminism, and Free Will". In Kane, Robert (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Free Will (2nd ed.). Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-0195399691. OCLC 653483691.
  • Baggott, Jim E. (2004). "Complementarity and Entanglement". Beyond Measure: Modern Physics, Philosophy, and the Meaning of Quantum Theory. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0-19-852536-3. OCLC 52486237.

britannica.com

  • "Determinism | Definition, Philosophers, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 23 February 2024.

cambridge.org

collinsdictionary.com

conceptually.org

doi.org

doi.org

dx.doi.org

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

informationphilosopher.com

jstor.org

lander.edu

philosophy.lander.edu

  • "Some Varieties of Free Will and Determinism". Philosophy 302: Ethics. philosophy.lander.edu. Retrieved 19 December 2012. Predeterminism: the philosophical and theological view that combines God with determinism. On this doctrine events throughout eternity have been foreordained by some supernatural power in a causal sequence.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

lsu.edu

digitalcommons.lsu.edu

merriam-webster.com

  • "Predeterminism". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Inc. Retrieved 20 December 2012. See for example Ormond, A.T. (1894). "Freedom and psycho-genesis". Psychological Review. 1 (3): 217–229. doi:10.1037/h0065249. The problem of predeterminism is one that involves the factors of heredity and environment, and the point to be debated here is the relation of the present self that chooses to these predetermining agencies., and Garris, M.D.; et al. (1992). "A Platform for Evolving Genetic Automata for Text Segmentation (GNATS)". Science of Artificial Neural Networks. 1710: 714–724. Bibcode:1992SPIE.1710..714G. doi:10.1117/12.140132. S2CID 62639035. However, predeterminism is not completely avoided. If the codes within the genotype are not designed properly, then the organisms being evolved will be fundamentally handicapped.

mysmu.edu

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ntu.edu.tw

enlight.lib.ntu.edu.tw

nytimes.com

oup.com

academic.oup.com

oxforddictionaries.com

pitt.edu

philsci-archive.pitt.edu

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

researchgate.net

sagepub.com

journals.sagepub.com

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

sfu.ca

springer.com

link.springer.com

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

suttacentral.net

tricycle.org

uni-marburg.de

archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de

web.archive.org

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

worldcat.org

worldscientific.com

zenodo.org

  • "Predeterminism". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Inc. Retrieved 20 December 2012. See for example Ormond, A.T. (1894). "Freedom and psycho-genesis". Psychological Review. 1 (3): 217–229. doi:10.1037/h0065249. The problem of predeterminism is one that involves the factors of heredity and environment, and the point to be debated here is the relation of the present self that chooses to these predetermining agencies., and Garris, M.D.; et al. (1992). "A Platform for Evolving Genetic Automata for Text Segmentation (GNATS)". Science of Artificial Neural Networks. 1710: 714–724. Bibcode:1992SPIE.1710..714G. doi:10.1117/12.140132. S2CID 62639035. However, predeterminism is not completely avoided. If the codes within the genotype are not designed properly, then the organisms being evolved will be fundamentally handicapped.