Difference engine (English Wikipedia)

Archibald, Raymond Clare (1947). "Martin Wiberg, His Table and Difference Engine" (PDF). Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation. 2 (20): 371–374.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Swedin, E.G.; Ferro, D.L. (2005). Computers: The Life Story of a Technology. Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-313-33149-7.
Campbell-Kelly, Martin (2004). Computer: A History of the Information Machine 2nd ed. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-4264-1.
Toole, Betty Alexandra; Lovelace, Ada (1998). Ada, the Enchantress of Numbers. Mill Valley, California: Strawberry Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-0912647180. OCLC 40943907.
Official catalogue of the industrial department. 1862. p. 49.
Snyder, Laura J. (2011). The Philosophical Breakfast Club. New York: Broadway Brooks. ISBN 978-0-7679-3048-2.
Scheutz, George; Scheutz, Edward (1857). Specimens of Tables, Calculated, Stereomoulded, and Printed by Machinery. Whitnig. pp. VIII–XII, XIV–XV, 3.
Swade, Doron (2002-10-29). The Difference Engine: Charles Babbage and the Quest to Build the First Computer. Penguin Books. pp. 4, 207. ISBN 9780142001448.
Sandhurst, Phillip T. (1876). The Great Centennial Exhibition Critically Described and Illustrated. P. W. Ziegler & Company. pp. 423, 427.
Bauschinger, Julius; Peters, J. (Jean) (1910). Logarithmisch-trigonometrische Tafeln, mit acht Dezimalstellen, enthaltend die Logarithmen aller Zahlen von 1 bis 200000 und die Logarithmen der trigonometrischen Funktionen für jede Sexagesimalsekunde des Quadranten. Neu berechnet und hrsg. von J. Bauschinger und J. Peters. Stereotypausg (in German). Gerstein - University of Toronto. Leipzig W. Englemann. pp. Einleitung VI.
Horsburg, E. M. (1914). Modern instruments and methods of calculation : a handbook of the Napier Tercentenary Exhibition. London: G. Bell. pp. 127–131.
Thompson, Alexander John (1924). Logarithmetica Britannica: Being a Standard Table of Logarithms to Twenty Decimal Places. CUP Archive. pp. V/VI, XXIX, LIV–LVI, LXV (archive: pp. 7, 30, 55–59, 68). ISBN 9781001406893. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Alt URL

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Babbage printer finally runs, BBC news quoting Reg Crick Accessed May 17, 2012

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Michael Lindgren (Craig G. McKay, trans.), Glory and Failure: The Difference Engines of Johann Müller, Charles Babbage, and Georg and Edvard Scheutz (Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1990), pages 64 ff.
Dasgupta, Subrata (2014). It Began with Babbage: The Genesis of Computer Science. Oxford University Press. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-19-930943-6.
O'Regan, Gerard (2012). A Brief History of Computing. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 204. ISBN 978-1-4471-2359-0.
Snyder, Laura J. (2011). The Philosophical Breakfast Club: Four Remarkable Friends Who Transformed Science and Changed the World. Crown/Archetype. pp. 192, 210, 217. ISBN 978-0-307-71617-0.
Weld, Charles Richard (1848). A History of the Royal Society: With Memoirs of the Presidents. J. W. Parker. pp. 387–390.
Tomlinson, Charles (1868). Cyclopaedia of useful arts, mechanical and chemical, manufactures, mining and engineering: in three volumes, illustrated by 63 steel engravings and 3063 wood engravings. Virtue & Co. p. 136.
Morris, Charles R. (October 23, 2012). The Dawn of Innovation: The First American Industrial Revolution. PublicAffairs. p. 63. ISBN 9781610393577.
Watson, Ian (2012). The Universal Machine: From the Dawn of Computing to Digital Consciousness. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 37–38. ISBN 978-3-642-28102-0.
Campbell-Kelly, Martin (2003). The History of Mathematical Tables: From Sumer to Spreadsheets. OUP Oxford. pp. 132–136. ISBN 978-0-19-850841-0.
Bauschinger, Julius; Peters, Jean (1958). Logarithmisch-trigonometrische Tafeln mit acht Dezimalstellen, enthaltend die Logarithmen aller Zahlen von 1 bis 200000 und die Logarithmen der trigonometrischen Funktionen f"ur jede Sexagesimalsekunde des Quadranten: Bd. Tafel der achtstelligen Logarithmen aller Zahlen von 1 bis 200000. H. R. Engelmann. pp. Preface V–VI.
Thompson, Alexander John (1924). Logarithmetica Britannica: Being a Standard Table of Logarithms to Twenty Decimal Places. CUP Archive. pp. V/VI, XXIX, LIV–LVI, LXV (archive: pp. 7, 30, 55–59, 68). ISBN 9781001406893. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Alt URL
O'Regan, Gerard (2012). A Brief History of Computing. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 201. ISBN 978-1-4471-2359-0.

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Terdiman, Daniel (April 10, 2008). "Charles Babbage's masterpiece difference engine comes to Silicon Valley". CNET News.

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IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 22(4), October–December 2000.

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"The Engines | Babbage Engine". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 2022-07-10.
"A Modern Sequel | Babbage Engine". Computer History Museum.
Press Releases | Computer History
- "The Computer History Museum Debuts Charles Babbage's Difference Engine No. 2, On Display for the First Time in North America" (Press release). Computer History Museum. 2008-05-05. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
- "The Babbage Difference Engine No. 2". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 2018-10-26.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Comrie, L. J. (1928-03-01). "On the application of the BrunsvigaDupla calculating machine to double summation with finite differences". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 88 (5): 451, 453–454, 458–459. Bibcode:1928MNRAS..88..447C. doi:10.1093/mnras/88.5.447. ISSN 0035-8711 – via Astrophysics Data System.
Comrie, L. J. (1932-04-01). "The Nautical Almanac Office Burroughs machine". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 92 (6): 523–524, 537–538. Bibcode:1932MNRAS..92..523C. doi:10.1093/mnras/92.6.523. ISSN 0035-8711 – via Astrophysics Data System.

ed-thelen.org (Global: low place; English: 9,943^rd place)

Thelen, Ed (2008). "Babbage Difference Engine #2 – How to Initialize the Machine –".

en.wikisource.org (Global: 82^nd place; English: 41^st place)

Lardner, D. (July 1834). "Babbage's Calculating Engine". Edinburgh Review: 263–327. Retrieved October 11, 2022. In WikiSource and also reprinted in The works of Charles Babbage, Vol 2, p.119ff

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Boyle, Alan (2016-09-11). "Inside the invention factory: Get a peek at Intellectual Ventures' lab". Retrieved 2024-04-21.

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Johann Helfrich von Müller, Beschreibung seiner neu erfundenen Rechenmachine, nach ihrer Gestalt, ihrem Gebrauch und Nutzen [Description of his newly invented calculating machine, according to its form, its use and benefit] (Frankfurt and Mainz, Germany: Varrentrapp Sohn & Wenner, 1786); pages 48–50. The following Web site (in German) contains detailed photos of Müller's calculator as well as a transcription of Müller's booklet, Beschreibung …: https://www.fbi.h-da.de/fileadmin/vmi/darmstadt/objekte/rechenmaschinen/mueller/index.htm Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine . An animated simulation of Müller's machine in operation is available on this Web site (in German): https://www.fbi.h-da.de/fileadmin/vmi/darmstadt/objekte/rechenmaschinen/mueller/simulation/index.htm Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine .

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"History of Computers and Computing, Babbage, Next differential engines, Hamann". history-computer.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2017-09-14.
"History of Computers and Computing, Babbage, Next differential engines, Alexander John Thompson". history-computer.com. Retrieved 2017-09-22.

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Ventures, Intellectual (September 1, 2016). "IV's Favorite Inventions: The Babbage Machine". Intellectual Ventures. Retrieved March 24, 2024.

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"Intellectual Ventures on LinkedIn: #ivlab #coolscience". www.linkedin.com. Retrieved 2024-04-21.

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Weiss, Stephan. "Publikationen". mechrech.info. Difference Engines in the 20th Century. First published in Proceedings 16th International Meeting of Collectors of Historical Calculating Instruments, Sep. 2010, Leiden. pp. 160–163. Retrieved 2017-09-22.

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Noack, Mark (29 January 2016). "Computer Museum bids farewell to Babbage engine". Mv-voice.com. Retrieved 2022-07-10.

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citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Merzbach, Uta C.; Ripley, S. Dillon; Merzbach, Uta C. First Printing Calculator. pp. 8–9, 13, 25–26, 29–30. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.639.3286. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)

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"Scheutz Difference Engine". Smithsonian National Museum of American History. Retrieved June 14, 2019.

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www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk

O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. (1998). "Charles Babbage". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Archived from the original on 2006-06-16. Retrieved 2006-06-14.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Johann Helfrich von Müller, Beschreibung seiner neu erfundenen Rechenmachine, nach ihrer Gestalt, ihrem Gebrauch und Nutzen [Description of his newly invented calculating machine, according to its form, its use and benefit] (Frankfurt and Mainz, Germany: Varrentrapp Sohn & Wenner, 1786); pages 48–50. The following Web site (in German) contains detailed photos of Müller's calculator as well as a transcription of Müller's booklet, Beschreibung …: https://www.fbi.h-da.de/fileadmin/vmi/darmstadt/objekte/rechenmaschinen/mueller/index.htm Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine . An animated simulation of Müller's machine in operation is available on this Web site (in German): https://www.fbi.h-da.de/fileadmin/vmi/darmstadt/objekte/rechenmaschinen/mueller/simulation/index.htm Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine .
O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. (1998). "Charles Babbage". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Archived from the original on 2006-06-16. Retrieved 2006-06-14.
"History of Computers and Computing, Babbage, Next differential engines, Hamann". history-computer.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2017-09-14.

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Toole, Betty Alexandra; Lovelace, Ada (1998). Ada, the Enchantress of Numbers. Mill Valley, California: Strawberry Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-0912647180. OCLC 40943907.
Comrie, L. J. (1928-03-01). "On the application of the BrunsvigaDupla calculating machine to double summation with finite differences". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 88 (5): 451, 453–454, 458–459. Bibcode:1928MNRAS..88..447C. doi:10.1093/mnras/88.5.447. ISSN 0035-8711 – via Astrophysics Data System.
Comrie, L. J. (1932-04-01). "The Nautical Almanac Office Burroughs machine". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 92 (6): 523–524, 537–538. Bibcode:1932MNRAS..92..523C. doi:10.1093/mnras/92.6.523. ISSN 0035-8711 – via Astrophysics Data System.

Difference engine (English Wikipedia)

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