Dirac equation (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Dirac equation" in English language version.

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26doi.org

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2books.google.com

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aps.org (Global: 1,503^rd place; English: 1,378^th place)

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Oppenheimer, J.R. (1930). "On the Theory of Electrons and Protons". Phys. Rev. 35 (5): 562–563. Bibcode:1930PhRv...35..562O. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.35.562.
Breit, G. (1929). "The Effect of Retardation on the Interaction of Two Electrons". Phys. Rev. (34): 553–573. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.34.553.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

ia601500.us.archive.org

Weyl, H. (1931). The Theory of Groups and Quantum Mechanics (PDF). Dover Publications. p. 263.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Tsutsui, T.T.; Silva, E.O.; M de Castro, A.S.; Andrade, F.M. (2025). "The Dirac equation: historical context, comparisons with the Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon equations, and elementary consequences". European Journal of Physics. 46 (5): 053001. arXiv:2504.17797. doi:10.1088/1361-6404/adf9a5.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Gorbar, Eduard V.; Miranskij, Vladimir A.; Shovkovy, Igor A.; Sukhachov, Pavlo O. (2021). Electronic Properties of Dirac and Weyl Semimetals. World Scientific Publishing. p. 1. ISBN 978-981-12-0736-5.
Han, Moo-Young (2014). From Photons to Higgs: A Story of Light (2nd ed.). World Scientific Publishing. p. 32. doi:10.1142/9071. ISBN 978-981-4579-95-7.

caltech.edu (Global: 887^th place; English: 714^th place)

authors.library.caltech.edu

Feynman, R.P. (1949). "The Theory of positrons". Phys. Rev. 76 (6): 749–759. Bibcode:1949PhRv...76..749F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.76.749.

cam.ac.uk (Global: 670^th place; English: 480^th place)

damtp.cam.ac.uk

Osborn, H. "PART I: Symmetries and particles" (PDF). Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics. University of Cambridge. Retrieved 16 November 2025.
Tong, D. (2006). Quantum Field Theory (PDF).

dirac.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

Gisela Dirac-Wahrenburg. "Paul Dirac". Dirac.ch. Retrieved 12 July 2013.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Dirac, P. A. M. (1928). "The Quantum Theory of the Electron" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 117 (778): 610–624. Bibcode:1928RSPSA.117..610D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0023. JSTOR 94981. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2015.
Han, Moo-Young (2014). From Photons to Higgs: A Story of Light (2nd ed.). World Scientific Publishing. p. 32. doi:10.1142/9071. ISBN 978-981-4579-95-7.
ter Haar, D. (1967). The Old Quantum Theory. Pergamon. p. 1. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-012102-4.50003-6. ISBN 978-0-08-012102-4.
Kragh, H. (1984). "Equation with the many fathers. The Klein-Gordon equation in 1926". American Journal of Physics. 52 (11): 1024–1033. doi:10.1119/1.13782.
Tsutsui, T.T.; Silva, E.O.; M de Castro, A.S.; Andrade, F.M. (2025). "The Dirac equation: historical context, comparisons with the Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon equations, and elementary consequences". European Journal of Physics. 46 (5): 053001. arXiv:2504.17797. doi:10.1088/1361-6404/adf9a5.
Kragh, H. (1981). "The genesis of dirac's relativistic theory of electrons". Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 24 (1): 31–67. doi:10.1007/BF00327714.
Heisenberg, W.; Jordan, P. (1926). "Anwendung der Quantenmechanik auf das Problem der anomalen Zeemaneffekte". Zeitschrift für Physik. 37 (4): 263–277. doi:10.1007/BF01397100.
Uhlenbeck, G., G.; Goudsmit, S. (November 1925). "Ersetzung der Hypothese vom unmechanischen Zwang durch eine Forderung bezüglich des inneren Verhaltens jedes einzelnen Elektrons". Die Naturwissenschaften (in German). 13 (47): 953–954. doi:10.1007/bf01558878. ISSN 0028-1042. S2CID 32211960.
Pauli, Wolfgang (1927). "Zur Quantenmechanik des magnetischen Elektrons". Zeitschrift für Physik (in German). 43 (9–10): 601–623. Bibcode:1927ZPhy...43..601P. doi:10.1007/BF01397326. ISSN 0044-3328. S2CID 128228729.
Dirac, P. (1928). "The Quantum theory of electron. 2". Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A. 118: 351. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0056.
Gordon, W. (1928). "Die Energieniveaus des Wasserstoffatoms nach der Diracschen Quantentheorie des Elektrons". Zeitschrift für Physik. 48 (1): 11–14. Bibcode:1928ZPhy...48...11G. doi:10.1007/BF01351570.
Darwin, C.G. (1928). "The wave equations of the electron". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. 118 (780): 654–680. Bibcode:1928RSPSA.118..654D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0076.
Weyl, H. (1929). "Elektron und Gravitation. I". Zeitschrift für Physik. 56 (5): 330–352. Bibcode:1929ZPhy...56..330W. doi:10.1007/BF01339504.
Klein, O.; Nishina, Y. (1929). "Über die Streuung von Strahlung durch freie Elektronen nach der neuen relativistischen Quantendynamik von Dirac". Z. Phys. 52 (11–12): 853 and 869. Bibcode:1929ZPhy...52..853K. doi:10.1007/BF01366453. S2CID 123905506.
Mott, N.F. (1929). "The Scattering of Fast Electrons by Atomic Nuclei". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character. 124 (794): 425–442. Bibcode:1929RSPSA.124..425M. doi:10.1098/rspa.1929.0127. JSTOR 95377.
Møller, C. (1932). "Zur Theorie des Durchgangs schneller Elektronen durch Materie". Annalen der Physik. 406 (5): 531–585. Bibcode:1932AnP...406..531M. doi:10.1002/andp.19324060506.
Bhabha, H.J. (1936). "The scattering of positrons by electrons with exchange on Dirac's theory of the positron". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 154 (881): 195–206. Bibcode:1936RSPSA.154..195B. doi:10.1098/rspa.1936.0046.
Oppenheimer, J.R. (1930). "On the Theory of Electrons and Protons". Phys. Rev. 35 (5): 562–563. Bibcode:1930PhRv...35..562O. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.35.562.
Dirac, P. A. M. (1931). "Quantised Singularities in the Quantum Field". Proceedings of the Royal Society A. 133 (821): 60–72. Bibcode:1931RSPSA.133...60D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1931.0130.
Anderson, Carl (1933). "The Positive Electron". Physical Review. 43 (6): 491. Bibcode:1933PhRv...43..491A. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.43.491.
Feynman, R.P. (1949). "Space-Time Approach to Quantum Electrodynamics". Phys. Rev. 76 (6): 769–789. Bibcode:1949PhRv...76..769F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.76.769.
Feynman, R.P. (1949). "The Theory of positrons". Phys. Rev. 76 (6): 749–759. Bibcode:1949PhRv...76..749F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.76.749.
Breit, G. (1929). "The Effect of Retardation on the Interaction of Two Electrons". Phys. Rev. (34): 553–573. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.34.553.
Montvay, I.; Munster, G. (1994). "4". Quantum Fields on a Lattice. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 205–207. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511470783. ISBN 9780511470783. S2CID 118339104.
Banks, T.; Dothan, Y.; Horn, D. (1982). "Geometric fermions". Phys. Lett. B. 117 (6): 413–417. Bibcode:1982PhLB..117..413B. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(82)90571-8.
Gaveau, B.; Jacobson, T.; Kac, M.; Schulman, L. S. (30 July 1984). "Relativistic Extension of the Analogy between Quantum Mechanics and Brownian Motion". Physical Review Letters. 53 (5): 419–422. Bibcode:1984PhRvL..53..419G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.419.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Dirac, P. A. M. (1928). "The Quantum Theory of the Electron" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 117 (778): 610–624. Bibcode:1928RSPSA.117..610D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0023. JSTOR 94981. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2015.
Pauli, Wolfgang (1927). "Zur Quantenmechanik des magnetischen Elektrons". Zeitschrift für Physik (in German). 43 (9–10): 601–623. Bibcode:1927ZPhy...43..601P. doi:10.1007/BF01397326. ISSN 0044-3328. S2CID 128228729.
Gordon, W. (1928). "Die Energieniveaus des Wasserstoffatoms nach der Diracschen Quantentheorie des Elektrons". Zeitschrift für Physik. 48 (1): 11–14. Bibcode:1928ZPhy...48...11G. doi:10.1007/BF01351570.
Darwin, C.G. (1928). "The wave equations of the electron". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. 118 (780): 654–680. Bibcode:1928RSPSA.118..654D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0076.
Weyl, H. (1929). "Elektron und Gravitation. I". Zeitschrift für Physik. 56 (5): 330–352. Bibcode:1929ZPhy...56..330W. doi:10.1007/BF01339504.
Klein, O.; Nishina, Y. (1929). "Über die Streuung von Strahlung durch freie Elektronen nach der neuen relativistischen Quantendynamik von Dirac". Z. Phys. 52 (11–12): 853 and 869. Bibcode:1929ZPhy...52..853K. doi:10.1007/BF01366453. S2CID 123905506.
Mott, N.F. (1929). "The Scattering of Fast Electrons by Atomic Nuclei". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character. 124 (794): 425–442. Bibcode:1929RSPSA.124..425M. doi:10.1098/rspa.1929.0127. JSTOR 95377.
Møller, C. (1932). "Zur Theorie des Durchgangs schneller Elektronen durch Materie". Annalen der Physik. 406 (5): 531–585. Bibcode:1932AnP...406..531M. doi:10.1002/andp.19324060506.
Bhabha, H.J. (1936). "The scattering of positrons by electrons with exchange on Dirac's theory of the positron". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 154 (881): 195–206. Bibcode:1936RSPSA.154..195B. doi:10.1098/rspa.1936.0046.
Oppenheimer, J.R. (1930). "On the Theory of Electrons and Protons". Phys. Rev. 35 (5): 562–563. Bibcode:1930PhRv...35..562O. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.35.562.
Dirac, P. A. M. (1931). "Quantised Singularities in the Quantum Field". Proceedings of the Royal Society A. 133 (821): 60–72. Bibcode:1931RSPSA.133...60D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1931.0130.
Anderson, Carl (1933). "The Positive Electron". Physical Review. 43 (6): 491. Bibcode:1933PhRv...43..491A. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.43.491.
Feynman, R.P. (1949). "Space-Time Approach to Quantum Electrodynamics". Phys. Rev. 76 (6): 769–789. Bibcode:1949PhRv...76..769F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.76.769.
Feynman, R.P. (1949). "The Theory of positrons". Phys. Rev. 76 (6): 749–759. Bibcode:1949PhRv...76..749F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.76.749.
Banks, T.; Dothan, Y.; Horn, D. (1982). "Geometric fermions". Phys. Lett. B. 117 (6): 413–417. Bibcode:1982PhLB..117..413B. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(82)90571-8.
Gaveau, B.; Jacobson, T.; Kac, M.; Schulman, L. S. (30 July 1984). "Relativistic Extension of the Analogy between Quantum Mechanics and Brownian Motion". Physical Review Letters. 53 (5): 419–422. Bibcode:1984PhRvL..53..419G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.419.

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)

sites.krieger.jhu.edu

Kaplan, J. (2016). "QFT Lectures Notes" (PDF). Johns Hopkins Krieger School of Arts and Sciences. Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved 15 November 2025.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Dirac, P. A. M. (1928). "The Quantum Theory of the Electron" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 117 (778): 610–624. Bibcode:1928RSPSA.117..610D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0023. JSTOR 94981. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2015.
Mott, N.F. (1929). "The Scattering of Fast Electrons by Atomic Nuclei". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character. 124 (794): 425–442. Bibcode:1929RSPSA.124..425M. doi:10.1098/rspa.1929.0127. JSTOR 95377.

physicsworld.com (Global: 6,140^th place; English: 4,691^st place)

Zichichi, Antonino (2 March 2000). "Dirac, Einstein and physics". Physics World. Retrieved 22 October 2023.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Uhlenbeck, G., G.; Goudsmit, S. (November 1925). "Ersetzung der Hypothese vom unmechanischen Zwang durch eine Forderung bezüglich des inneren Verhaltens jedes einzelnen Elektrons". Die Naturwissenschaften (in German). 13 (47): 953–954. doi:10.1007/bf01558878. ISSN 0028-1042. S2CID 32211960.
Pauli, Wolfgang (1927). "Zur Quantenmechanik des magnetischen Elektrons". Zeitschrift für Physik (in German). 43 (9–10): 601–623. Bibcode:1927ZPhy...43..601P. doi:10.1007/BF01397326. ISSN 0044-3328. S2CID 128228729.
Klein, O.; Nishina, Y. (1929). "Über die Streuung von Strahlung durch freie Elektronen nach der neuen relativistischen Quantendynamik von Dirac". Z. Phys. 52 (11–12): 853 and 869. Bibcode:1929ZPhy...52..853K. doi:10.1007/BF01366453. S2CID 123905506.
Montvay, I.; Munster, G. (1994). "4". Quantum Fields on a Lattice. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 205–207. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511470783. ISBN 9780511470783. S2CID 118339104.

springer.com (Global: 274^th place; English: 309^th place)

link.springer.com

Pauli, Wolfgang (1927). "Zur Quantenmechanik des magnetischen Elektrons". Zeitschrift für Physik (in German). 43 (9–10): 601–623. Bibcode:1927ZPhy...43..601P. doi:10.1007/BF01397326. ISSN 0044-3328. S2CID 128228729.

stanford.edu (Global: 179^th place; English: 183^rd place)

plato.stanford.edu

Kuhlmann, M. (2023). Zalta, E.N.; Nodelman, U. (eds.). Quantum Field Theory (Summer 2023 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.

ucsd.edu (Global: 1,933^rd place; English: 1,342^nd place)

math.ucsd.edu

Dirac, P. A. M. (1928). "The Quantum Theory of the Electron" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 117 (778): 610–624. Bibcode:1928RSPSA.117..610D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0023. JSTOR 94981. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2015.

warwick.ac.uk (Global: 4,378^th place; English: 2,689^th place)

Boyd, S. (2020). "The Dirac Equation" (PDF). University of Warwick. Warwick: University of Warwick. Retrieved 15 November 2025.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Dirac, P. A. M. (1928). "The Quantum Theory of the Electron" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 117 (778): 610–624. Bibcode:1928RSPSA.117..610D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1928.0023. JSTOR 94981. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2015.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Uhlenbeck, G., G.; Goudsmit, S. (November 1925). "Ersetzung der Hypothese vom unmechanischen Zwang durch eine Forderung bezüglich des inneren Verhaltens jedes einzelnen Elektrons". Die Naturwissenschaften (in German). 13 (47): 953–954. doi:10.1007/bf01558878. ISSN 0028-1042. S2CID 32211960.
Pauli, Wolfgang (1927). "Zur Quantenmechanik des magnetischen Elektrons". Zeitschrift für Physik (in German). 43 (9–10): 601–623. Bibcode:1927ZPhy...43..601P. doi:10.1007/BF01397326. ISSN 0044-3328. S2CID 128228729.

Dirac equation (English Wikipedia)

aps.org (Global: 1,503rd place; English: 1,378th place)

link.aps.org

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

ia601500.us.archive.org

arxiv.org (Global: 69th place; English: 59th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

caltech.edu (Global: 887th place; English: 714th place)

authors.library.caltech.edu

cam.ac.uk (Global: 670th place; English: 480th place)

damtp.cam.ac.uk

dirac.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)