Chen K, Arnold FH (1991). "Enzyme Engineering for Nonaqueous Solvents: Random Mutagenesis to Enhance Activity of Subtilisin E in Polar Organic Media". Bio/Technology. 9 (11): 1073–1077. doi:10.1038/nbt1191-1073. ISSN0733-222X. PMID1367624. S2CID12380597.
Kim, Eun-Sung (2008-11-27). "Directed Evolution: A Historical Exploration into an Evolutionary Experimental System of Nanobiotechnology, 1965–2006". Minerva. 46 (4): 463–484. doi:10.1007/s11024-008-9108-9. ISSN0026-4695. S2CID55845851.
Dalby PA (August 2011). "Strategy and success for the directed evolution of enzymes". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 21 (4): 473–80. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2011.05.003. PMID21684150.
Lipovsek D, Plückthun A (July 2004). "In-vitro protein evolution by ribosome display and mRNA display". Journal of Immunological Methods. 290 (1–2): 51–67. doi:10.1016/j.jim.2004.04.008. PMID15261571.
Leemhuis H, Stein V, Griffiths AD, Hollfelder F (August 2005). "New genotype–phenotype linkages for directed evolution of functional proteins". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 15 (4): 472–8. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2005.07.006. PMID16043338.
Verhoeven KD, Altstadt OC, Savinov SN (March 2012). "Intracellular detection and evolution of site-specific proteases using a genetic selection system". Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 166 (5): 1340–54. doi:10.1007/s12010-011-9522-6. PMID22270548. S2CID36583382.
Schaerli Y, Hollfelder F (December 2009). "The potential of microfluidic water-in-oil droplets in experimental biology". Molecular BioSystems. 5 (12): 1392–404. doi:10.1039/b907578j. PMID20023716.
Marshall SA, Lazar GA, Chirino AJ, Desjarlais JR (March 2003). "Rational design and engineering of therapeutic proteins". Drug Discovery Today. 8 (5): 212–21. doi:10.1016/s1359-6446(03)02610-2. PMID12634013.
Wilson CJ (27 October 2014). "Rational protein design: developing next-generation biological therapeutics and nanobiotechnological tools". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology. 7 (3): 330–41. doi:10.1002/wnan.1310. PMID25348497.
Bornscheuer UT, Pohl M (April 2001). "Improved biocatalysts by directed evolution and rational protein design". Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. 5 (2): 137–43. doi:10.1016/s1367-5931(00)00182-4. PMID11282339.
Turner NJ (August 2009). "Directed evolution drives the next generation of biocatalysts". Nature Chemical Biology. 5 (8): 567–73. doi:10.1038/nchembio.203. PMID19620998.
Hawkins RE, Russell SJ, Winter G (August 1992). "Selection of phage antibodies by binding affinity. Mimicking affinity maturation". Journal of Molecular Biology. 226 (3): 889–96. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(92)90639-2. PMID1507232.
Shaikh FA, Withers SG (April 2008). "Teaching old enzymes new tricks: engineering and evolution of glycosidases and glycosyl transferases for improved glycoside synthesis". Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 86 (2): 169–77. doi:10.1139/o07-149. PMID18443630.
Marden JH, Wolf MR, Weber KE (November 1997). "Aerial performance of Drosophila melanogaster from populations selected for upwind flight ability". The Journal of Experimental Biology. 200 (Pt 21): 2747–55. doi:10.1242/jeb.200.21.2747. PMID9418031.
Arnold FH, Wintrode PL, Miyazaki K, Gershenson A (February 2001). "How enzymes adapt: lessons from directed evolution". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 26 (2): 100–6. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(00)01755-2. PMID11166567. S2CID13331137.
Aita T, Hamamatsu N, Nomiya Y, Uchiyama H, Shibanaka Y, Husimi Y (July 2002). "Surveying a local fitness landscape of a protein with epistatic sites for the study of directed evolution". Biopolymers. 64 (2): 95–105. doi:10.1002/bip.10126. PMID11979520.
Chen K, Arnold FH (1991). "Enzyme Engineering for Nonaqueous Solvents: Random Mutagenesis to Enhance Activity of Subtilisin E in Polar Organic Media". Bio/Technology. 9 (11): 1073–1077. doi:10.1038/nbt1191-1073. ISSN0733-222X. PMID1367624. S2CID12380597.
Dalby PA (August 2011). "Strategy and success for the directed evolution of enzymes". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 21 (4): 473–80. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2011.05.003. PMID21684150.
Lipovsek D, Plückthun A (July 2004). "In-vitro protein evolution by ribosome display and mRNA display". Journal of Immunological Methods. 290 (1–2): 51–67. doi:10.1016/j.jim.2004.04.008. PMID15261571.
Leemhuis H, Stein V, Griffiths AD, Hollfelder F (August 2005). "New genotype–phenotype linkages for directed evolution of functional proteins". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 15 (4): 472–8. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2005.07.006. PMID16043338.
Verhoeven KD, Altstadt OC, Savinov SN (March 2012). "Intracellular detection and evolution of site-specific proteases using a genetic selection system". Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 166 (5): 1340–54. doi:10.1007/s12010-011-9522-6. PMID22270548. S2CID36583382.
Schaerli Y, Hollfelder F (December 2009). "The potential of microfluidic water-in-oil droplets in experimental biology". Molecular BioSystems. 5 (12): 1392–404. doi:10.1039/b907578j. PMID20023716.
Marshall SA, Lazar GA, Chirino AJ, Desjarlais JR (March 2003). "Rational design and engineering of therapeutic proteins". Drug Discovery Today. 8 (5): 212–21. doi:10.1016/s1359-6446(03)02610-2. PMID12634013.
Wilson CJ (27 October 2014). "Rational protein design: developing next-generation biological therapeutics and nanobiotechnological tools". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology. 7 (3): 330–41. doi:10.1002/wnan.1310. PMID25348497.
Bornscheuer UT, Pohl M (April 2001). "Improved biocatalysts by directed evolution and rational protein design". Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. 5 (2): 137–43. doi:10.1016/s1367-5931(00)00182-4. PMID11282339.
Turner NJ (August 2009). "Directed evolution drives the next generation of biocatalysts". Nature Chemical Biology. 5 (8): 567–73. doi:10.1038/nchembio.203. PMID19620998.
Hawkins RE, Russell SJ, Winter G (August 1992). "Selection of phage antibodies by binding affinity. Mimicking affinity maturation". Journal of Molecular Biology. 226 (3): 889–96. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(92)90639-2. PMID1507232.
Shaikh FA, Withers SG (April 2008). "Teaching old enzymes new tricks: engineering and evolution of glycosidases and glycosyl transferases for improved glycoside synthesis". Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 86 (2): 169–77. doi:10.1139/o07-149. PMID18443630.
Marden JH, Wolf MR, Weber KE (November 1997). "Aerial performance of Drosophila melanogaster from populations selected for upwind flight ability". The Journal of Experimental Biology. 200 (Pt 21): 2747–55. doi:10.1242/jeb.200.21.2747. PMID9418031.
Arnold FH, Wintrode PL, Miyazaki K, Gershenson A (February 2001). "How enzymes adapt: lessons from directed evolution". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 26 (2): 100–6. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(00)01755-2. PMID11166567. S2CID13331137.
Aita T, Hamamatsu N, Nomiya Y, Uchiyama H, Shibanaka Y, Husimi Y (July 2002). "Surveying a local fitness landscape of a protein with epistatic sites for the study of directed evolution". Biopolymers. 64 (2): 95–105. doi:10.1002/bip.10126. PMID11979520.
Chen K, Arnold FH (1991). "Enzyme Engineering for Nonaqueous Solvents: Random Mutagenesis to Enhance Activity of Subtilisin E in Polar Organic Media". Bio/Technology. 9 (11): 1073–1077. doi:10.1038/nbt1191-1073. ISSN0733-222X. PMID1367624. S2CID12380597.
Kim, Eun-Sung (2008-11-27). "Directed Evolution: A Historical Exploration into an Evolutionary Experimental System of Nanobiotechnology, 1965–2006". Minerva. 46 (4): 463–484. doi:10.1007/s11024-008-9108-9. ISSN0026-4695. S2CID55845851.
Verhoeven KD, Altstadt OC, Savinov SN (March 2012). "Intracellular detection and evolution of site-specific proteases using a genetic selection system". Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 166 (5): 1340–54. doi:10.1007/s12010-011-9522-6. PMID22270548. S2CID36583382.
Arnold FH, Wintrode PL, Miyazaki K, Gershenson A (February 2001). "How enzymes adapt: lessons from directed evolution". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 26 (2): 100–6. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(00)01755-2. PMID11166567. S2CID13331137.
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Chen K, Arnold FH (1991). "Enzyme Engineering for Nonaqueous Solvents: Random Mutagenesis to Enhance Activity of Subtilisin E in Polar Organic Media". Bio/Technology. 9 (11): 1073–1077. doi:10.1038/nbt1191-1073. ISSN0733-222X. PMID1367624. S2CID12380597.
Kim, Eun-Sung (2008-11-27). "Directed Evolution: A Historical Exploration into an Evolutionary Experimental System of Nanobiotechnology, 1965–2006". Minerva. 46 (4): 463–484. doi:10.1007/s11024-008-9108-9. ISSN0026-4695. S2CID55845851.
Arnold, Frances; Georgiou, George (2003). Directed enzyme evolution: screening and selection methods. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. ISBN9781588292865. OCLC52400248.