"For instance, in Garcia Avello, a case in which Belgium refused to register children of dual nationality with the surname of both parents following the Spanish tradition ... in Grunkin and Paul ... [a German court] refused to recognize a child's double-barrelled surname as determined and registered in Denmark, where he lived, because the child was a German national." Loïc Azoulai, The Question of Competence in the European Union, Oxford University Press, 2014, p. 180.