Duesberg hypothesis (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Duesberg hypothesis" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

37nih.gov

4^th place

28doi.org

2^nd place

11semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

9web.archive.org

1^st place

5sciencemag.org

857^th place

3,832^nd place

5harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

2psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

2who.int

195^th place

302^nd place

2zenodo.org

621^st place

380^th place

2unaids.org

5,436^th place

5,222^nd place

1discovermagazine.com

3,042^nd place

2,171^st place

1unu.edu

7,903^rd place

5,992^nd place

1wateraid.org

low place

1alnap.org

low place

1lshtm.ac.uk

low place

1aidstruth.org

low place

1ucsf.edu

5,479^th place

3,911^th place

1amazon.com

105^th place

79^th place

1hivatis.org

low place

aidstruth.org

Science Outsold? Correcting the Falsehoods of "Science Sold Out: Does HIV Really Cause AIDS?" Page 15. Retrieved 1 May 2008.

alnap.org

Fotso JC (2006). "Urban-rural differentials in child malnutrition: trends and socioeconomic correlates in sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). Health Place. 13 (1): 205–23. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.308.8910. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.004. PMID 16563851. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 August 2017.

amazon.com

Nichols, Tom (2017). The Death of Expertise: The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and Why it Matters (Kindle ed.). Oxford University Press. ASIN B01MYCDVHH.

discovermagazine.com

Discover Magazine feature on Duesberg. Jeanne Linzer, Discover, 15 May 2008, AIDS "Dissident" Seeks Redemption...and a Cure for Cancer. Retrieved 16 May 2008.

doi.org

Duesberg P, Koehnlein C, Rasnick D (2003). "The chemical bases of the various AIDS epidemics: recreational drugs, anti-viral chemotherapy and malnutrition". J Biosci. 28 (4): 383–412. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.610.3380. doi:10.1007/BF02705115. PMID 12799487. S2CID 56553.
Galea P, Chermann JC (1998). "HIV as the cause of AIDS and associated diseases". Genetica. 104 (2): 133–142. doi:10.1023/A:1003432603348. PMID 10220906. S2CID 10793378.
Cohen, J. (1994). "The Duesberg phenomenon" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1642–1644. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1642C. doi:10.1126/science.7992043. PMID 7992043.
Duesberg P, Rasnick D (1998). "The AIDS dilemma: drug diseases blamed on a passenger virus". Genetica. 104 (2): 85–132. doi:10.1023/A:1003405220186. PMID 10220905. S2CID 30201649.
Paulozzi LJ, Budnitz DS, Yongli X (2006). "Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States". Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 15 (9): 618–27. doi:10.1002/pds.1276. PMID 16862602. S2CID 16121594.
Ascher MS, Sheppard HW, Winkelstein W, Vittinghoff E (1993). "Does drug use cause AIDS?". Nature. 362 (6416): 103–4. Bibcode:1993Natur.362..103A. doi:10.1038/362103a0. PMID 8095697. S2CID 42128974.
Morabia A (1995). "Poppers, Kaposi's sarcoma, and HIV infection: empirical example of a strong confounding effect?". Prev Med. 24 (1): 90–5. doi:10.1006/pmed.1995.1014. PMID 7661947.
Kedes D, Operskalski E, Busch M, Kohn R, Flood J, Ganem D (1996). "The seroepidemiology of human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus): distribution of infection in KS risk groups and evidence for sexual transmission". Nat Med. 2 (8): 918–24. doi:10.1038/nm0896-918. PMID 8705863. S2CID 36556102.
Martin J, Ganem D, Osmond D, Page-Shafer K, Macrae D, Kedes D (1998). "Sexual transmission and the natural history of human herpesvirus 8 infection". N Engl J Med. 338 (14): 948–54. doi:10.1056/NEJM199804023381403. PMID 9521982.
Schechter M, Craib K, Gelmon K, Montaner J, Le T, O'Shaughnessy M (1993). "HIV-1 and the aetiology of AIDS". Lancet. 341 (8846): 658–9. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90421-C. PMID 8095571. S2CID 23141531.
Chao C; Jacobson LP; Tashkin D; et al. (2008). "Recreational drug use and T lymphocyte subpopulations in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected men". Drug Alcohol Depend. 94 (1–3): 165–171. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.010. PMC 2691391. PMID 18180115.
Duesberg P (1989). "Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation but not causation". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 86 (3): 755–64. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86..755D. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.755. PMC 286556. PMID 2644642.
Fotso JC (2006). "Urban-rural differentials in child malnutrition: trends and socioeconomic correlates in sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). Health Place. 13 (1): 205–23. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.308.8910. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.004. PMID 16563851. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 August 2017.
Diaz T; De Cock K; et al. (2005). "New strategies for HIV surveillance in resource-constrained settings: an overview". AIDS. 19 (Suppl2): S1 – S8. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000172871.80723.3e. PMID 15930836. S2CID 11796402.
Cohen, J (2000). "Is AIDS in Africa a distinct disease?". Science. 288 (5474): 2153–5. doi:10.1126/science.288.5474.2153. PMID 10896593. S2CID 10365177.
Corbett EL; Watt CJ; et al. (2003). "The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic" (PDF). Arch Intern Med. 163 (9): 1009–21. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.9.1009. PMID 12742798. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2018.
Chokunonga, E; Levy, LM; Bassett, MT; Borok, MZ; Mauchaza, BG; Chirenje, MZ; Parkin, DM (1999). "Aids and cancer in Africa: the evolving epidemic in Zimbabwe". AIDS. 13 (18): 2583–8. doi:10.1097/00002030-199912240-00012. PMID 10630528.
Hiatt KM; Nelson AM; et al. (2008). "Classic Kaposi Sarcoma in the United States over the last two decades: A clinicopathologic and molecular study of 438 non-HIV-related Kaposi Sarcoma patients with comparison to HIV-related Kaposi Sarcoma". Modern Pathology. 21 (5): 572–82. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2008.15. PMID 18376387.
Wade AS; Kane CT; et al. (2005). "HIV infection and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Senegal". AIDS. 19 (18): 2133–40. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000194128.97640.07. PMID 16284463. S2CID 2068561. One recent article on AIDS and men who have sex with men (MSM).
Beyrer C (2007). "HIV epidemiology update and transmission factors: risks and risk contexts--16th International AIDS Conference epidemiology plenary". Clin Infect Dis. 44 (7): 981–7. doi:10.1086/512371. PMID 17342654. A recent article on various risk groups and risk factors in Africa.
Nunn, AJ; Mulder, DW; Kamali, A; Ruberantwari, A; Kengeya-Kayondo J-F, Whitworth J.; Whitworth, J (1997). "Mortality associated with HIV-1 infection over five years in a rural Ugandan population: cohort study". BMJ. 315 (7111): 767–771. doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7111.767. PMC 2127535. PMID 9345167.
Borgdorff, MW; Barongo, LR; Klokke, AH; Newell, JN; Senkoro, KP; Velema, JP; Gabone, RM. (1995). "HIV-1 incidence and HIV-1 associated mortality in a cohort of urban factory workers in Tanzania". Genitourin. Med. 71 (4): 212–215. doi:10.1136/sti.71.4.212. PMC 1195515. PMID 7590710.
Cohen, J. (1994a). "Duesberg and critics agree: Hemophilia is the best test" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1645–1646. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1645C. doi:10.1126/science.7992044. PMID 7992044.
Cohen, J. (1994b). "Fulfilling Koch's postulates" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1647. doi:10.1126/science.7992045. PMID 7992045.
O'Brien, SJ; Goedert, JJ (1996). "HIV causes AIDS: Koch's postulates fulfilled". Current Opinion in Immunology. 8 (5): 613–8. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(96)80075-6. PMID 8902385.
Chigwedere, P.; Essex, M. (2010). "AIDS Denialism and Public Health Practice". AIDS and Behavior. 14 (2): 237–247. doi:10.1007/s10461-009-9654-7. PMID 20058063. S2CID 22822335.
Cohen, J. (1994c). "The epidemic in Thailand" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1647. doi:10.1126/science.7992046. PMID 7992046.
Cohen, J. (1994d). "Could drugs, rather than a virus be the cause of AIDS?" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1648–1649. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1648C. doi:10.1126/science.7992047. PMID 7992047.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Cohen, J. (1994). "The Duesberg phenomenon" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1642–1644. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1642C. doi:10.1126/science.7992043. PMID 7992043.
Ascher MS, Sheppard HW, Winkelstein W, Vittinghoff E (1993). "Does drug use cause AIDS?". Nature. 362 (6416): 103–4. Bibcode:1993Natur.362..103A. doi:10.1038/362103a0. PMID 8095697. S2CID 42128974.
Duesberg P (1989). "Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation but not causation". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 86 (3): 755–64. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86..755D. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.755. PMC 286556. PMID 2644642.
Cohen, J. (1994a). "Duesberg and critics agree: Hemophilia is the best test" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1645–1646. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1645C. doi:10.1126/science.7992044. PMID 7992044.
Cohen, J. (1994d). "Could drugs, rather than a virus be the cause of AIDS?" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1648–1649. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1648C. doi:10.1126/science.7992047. PMID 7992047.

hivatis.org

"HHS, 2005" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2005.

lshtm.ac.uk

researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk

Corbett EL; Watt CJ; et al. (2003). "The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic" (PDF). Arch Intern Med. 163 (9): 1009–21. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.9.1009. PMID 12742798. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2018.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Duesberg P, Koehnlein C, Rasnick D (2003). "The chemical bases of the various AIDS epidemics: recreational drugs, anti-viral chemotherapy and malnutrition". J Biosci. 28 (4): 383–412. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.610.3380. doi:10.1007/BF02705115. PMID 12799487. S2CID 56553.
Galea P, Chermann JC (1998). "HIV as the cause of AIDS and associated diseases". Genetica. 104 (2): 133–142. doi:10.1023/A:1003432603348. PMID 10220906. S2CID 10793378.
Cohen, J. (1994). "The Duesberg phenomenon" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1642–1644. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1642C. doi:10.1126/science.7992043. PMID 7992043.
Duesberg P, Rasnick D (1998). "The AIDS dilemma: drug diseases blamed on a passenger virus". Genetica. 104 (2): 85–132. doi:10.1023/A:1003405220186. PMID 10220905. S2CID 30201649.
Paulozzi LJ, Budnitz DS, Yongli X (2006). "Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States". Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 15 (9): 618–27. doi:10.1002/pds.1276. PMID 16862602. S2CID 16121594.
Ascher MS, Sheppard HW, Winkelstein W, Vittinghoff E (1993). "Does drug use cause AIDS?". Nature. 362 (6416): 103–4. Bibcode:1993Natur.362..103A. doi:10.1038/362103a0. PMID 8095697. S2CID 42128974.
Morabia A (1995). "Poppers, Kaposi's sarcoma, and HIV infection: empirical example of a strong confounding effect?". Prev Med. 24 (1): 90–5. doi:10.1006/pmed.1995.1014. PMID 7661947.
Kedes D, Operskalski E, Busch M, Kohn R, Flood J, Ganem D (1996). "The seroepidemiology of human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus): distribution of infection in KS risk groups and evidence for sexual transmission". Nat Med. 2 (8): 918–24. doi:10.1038/nm0896-918. PMID 8705863. S2CID 36556102.
Martin J, Ganem D, Osmond D, Page-Shafer K, Macrae D, Kedes D (1998). "Sexual transmission and the natural history of human herpesvirus 8 infection". N Engl J Med. 338 (14): 948–54. doi:10.1056/NEJM199804023381403. PMID 9521982.
Schechter M, Craib K, Gelmon K, Montaner J, Le T, O'Shaughnessy M (1993). "HIV-1 and the aetiology of AIDS". Lancet. 341 (8846): 658–9. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90421-C. PMID 8095571. S2CID 23141531.
Chao C; Jacobson LP; Tashkin D; et al. (2008). "Recreational drug use and T lymphocyte subpopulations in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected men". Drug Alcohol Depend. 94 (1–3): 165–171. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.010. PMC 2691391. PMID 18180115.
Duesberg P (1989). "Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation but not causation". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 86 (3): 755–64. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86..755D. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.755. PMC 286556. PMID 2644642.
Boerma, JT; Nunn, AJ; Whitworth, JA (1998). "Mortality impact of the AIDS epidemic: evidence from community studies in less developed countries". AIDS. 12 (Suppl 1): S3–14. PMID 9677185.
Fotso JC (2006). "Urban-rural differentials in child malnutrition: trends and socioeconomic correlates in sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). Health Place. 13 (1): 205–23. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.308.8910. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.004. PMID 16563851. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 August 2017.
Diaz T; De Cock K; et al. (2005). "New strategies for HIV surveillance in resource-constrained settings: an overview". AIDS. 19 (Suppl2): S1 – S8. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000172871.80723.3e. PMID 15930836. S2CID 11796402.
Cohen, J (2000). "Is AIDS in Africa a distinct disease?". Science. 288 (5474): 2153–5. doi:10.1126/science.288.5474.2153. PMID 10896593. S2CID 10365177.
Corbett EL; Watt CJ; et al. (2003). "The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic" (PDF). Arch Intern Med. 163 (9): 1009–21. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.9.1009. PMID 12742798. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2018.
Chokunonga, E; Levy, LM; Bassett, MT; Borok, MZ; Mauchaza, BG; Chirenje, MZ; Parkin, DM (1999). "Aids and cancer in Africa: the evolving epidemic in Zimbabwe". AIDS. 13 (18): 2583–8. doi:10.1097/00002030-199912240-00012. PMID 10630528.
Hiatt KM; Nelson AM; et al. (2008). "Classic Kaposi Sarcoma in the United States over the last two decades: A clinicopathologic and molecular study of 438 non-HIV-related Kaposi Sarcoma patients with comparison to HIV-related Kaposi Sarcoma". Modern Pathology. 21 (5): 572–82. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2008.15. PMID 18376387.
Wade AS; Kane CT; et al. (2005). "HIV infection and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Senegal". AIDS. 19 (18): 2133–40. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000194128.97640.07. PMID 16284463. S2CID 2068561. One recent article on AIDS and men who have sex with men (MSM).
Beyrer C (2007). "HIV epidemiology update and transmission factors: risks and risk contexts--16th International AIDS Conference epidemiology plenary". Clin Infect Dis. 44 (7): 981–7. doi:10.1086/512371. PMID 17342654. A recent article on various risk groups and risk factors in Africa.
Nunn, AJ; Mulder, DW; Kamali, A; Ruberantwari, A; Kengeya-Kayondo J-F, Whitworth J.; Whitworth, J (1997). "Mortality associated with HIV-1 infection over five years in a rural Ugandan population: cohort study". BMJ. 315 (7111): 767–771. doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7111.767. PMC 2127535. PMID 9345167.
Borgdorff, MW; Barongo, LR; Klokke, AH; Newell, JN; Senkoro, KP; Velema, JP; Gabone, RM. (1995). "HIV-1 incidence and HIV-1 associated mortality in a cohort of urban factory workers in Tanzania". Genitourin. Med. 71 (4): 212–215. doi:10.1136/sti.71.4.212. PMC 1195515. PMID 7590710.
Cohen, J. (1994a). "Duesberg and critics agree: Hemophilia is the best test" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1645–1646. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1645C. doi:10.1126/science.7992044. PMID 7992044.
Cohen, J. (1994b). "Fulfilling Koch's postulates" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1647. doi:10.1126/science.7992045. PMID 7992045.
Harden V (1992). "Koch's postulates and the etiology of AIDS: an historical perspective". Hist Philos Life Sci. 14 (2): 249–69. PMID 1342726. Full text available Archived 5 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine from National Institutes of Health website.
O'Brien, SJ; Goedert, JJ (1996). "HIV causes AIDS: Koch's postulates fulfilled". Current Opinion in Immunology. 8 (5): 613–8. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(96)80075-6. PMID 8902385.
Chigwedere, P.; Essex, M. (2010). "AIDS Denialism and Public Health Practice". AIDS and Behavior. 14 (2): 237–247. doi:10.1007/s10461-009-9654-7. PMID 20058063. S2CID 22822335.
Cohen, J. (1994c). "The epidemic in Thailand" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1647. doi:10.1126/science.7992046. PMID 7992046.
Cohen, J. (1994d). "Could drugs, rather than a virus be the cause of AIDS?" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1648–1649. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1648C. doi:10.1126/science.7992047. PMID 7992047.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Chao C; Jacobson LP; Tashkin D; et al. (2008). "Recreational drug use and T lymphocyte subpopulations in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected men". Drug Alcohol Depend. 94 (1–3): 165–171. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.010. PMC 2691391. PMID 18180115.
Duesberg P (1989). "Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation but not causation". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 86 (3): 755–64. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86..755D. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.755. PMC 286556. PMID 2644642.
Nunn, AJ; Mulder, DW; Kamali, A; Ruberantwari, A; Kengeya-Kayondo J-F, Whitworth J.; Whitworth, J (1997). "Mortality associated with HIV-1 infection over five years in a rural Ugandan population: cohort study". BMJ. 315 (7111): 767–771. doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7111.767. PMC 2127535. PMID 9345167.
Borgdorff, MW; Barongo, LR; Klokke, AH; Newell, JN; Senkoro, KP; Velema, JP; Gabone, RM. (1995). "HIV-1 incidence and HIV-1 associated mortality in a cohort of urban factory workers in Tanzania". Genitourin. Med. 71 (4): 212–215. doi:10.1136/sti.71.4.212. PMC 1195515. PMID 7590710.

www3.niaid.nih.gov

"National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease Fact Sheet: The Evidence that HIV Causes AIDS". Archived from the original on 24 September 2009. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
MACS and WIHS Studies Provide Overwhelming Evidence That HIV Causes AIDS Archived 4 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine. From the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Retrieved 9 March 2007.

history.nih.gov

Harden V (1992). "Koch's postulates and the etiology of AIDS: an historical perspective". Hist Philos Life Sci. 14 (2): 249–69. PMID 1342726. Full text available Archived 5 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine from National Institutes of Health website.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Duesberg P, Koehnlein C, Rasnick D (2003). "The chemical bases of the various AIDS epidemics: recreational drugs, anti-viral chemotherapy and malnutrition". J Biosci. 28 (4): 383–412. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.610.3380. doi:10.1007/BF02705115. PMID 12799487. S2CID 56553.
Fotso JC (2006). "Urban-rural differentials in child malnutrition: trends and socioeconomic correlates in sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). Health Place. 13 (1): 205–23. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.308.8910. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.004. PMID 16563851. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 August 2017.

sciencemag.org

Cohen, J. (1994). "The Duesberg phenomenon" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1642–1644. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1642C. doi:10.1126/science.7992043. PMID 7992043.
Cohen, J. (1994a). "Duesberg and critics agree: Hemophilia is the best test" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1645–1646. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1645C. doi:10.1126/science.7992044. PMID 7992044.
Cohen, J. (1994b). "Fulfilling Koch's postulates" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1647. doi:10.1126/science.7992045. PMID 7992045.
Cohen, J. (1994c). "The epidemic in Thailand" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1647. doi:10.1126/science.7992046. PMID 7992046.
Cohen, J. (1994d). "Could drugs, rather than a virus be the cause of AIDS?" (PDF). Science. 266 (5191): 1648–1649. Bibcode:1994Sci...266.1648C. doi:10.1126/science.7992047. PMID 7992047.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Duesberg P, Koehnlein C, Rasnick D (2003). "The chemical bases of the various AIDS epidemics: recreational drugs, anti-viral chemotherapy and malnutrition". J Biosci. 28 (4): 383–412. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.610.3380. doi:10.1007/BF02705115. PMID 12799487. S2CID 56553.
Galea P, Chermann JC (1998). "HIV as the cause of AIDS and associated diseases". Genetica. 104 (2): 133–142. doi:10.1023/A:1003432603348. PMID 10220906. S2CID 10793378.
Duesberg P, Rasnick D (1998). "The AIDS dilemma: drug diseases blamed on a passenger virus". Genetica. 104 (2): 85–132. doi:10.1023/A:1003405220186. PMID 10220905. S2CID 30201649.
Paulozzi LJ, Budnitz DS, Yongli X (2006). "Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States". Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 15 (9): 618–27. doi:10.1002/pds.1276. PMID 16862602. S2CID 16121594.
Ascher MS, Sheppard HW, Winkelstein W, Vittinghoff E (1993). "Does drug use cause AIDS?". Nature. 362 (6416): 103–4. Bibcode:1993Natur.362..103A. doi:10.1038/362103a0. PMID 8095697. S2CID 42128974.
Kedes D, Operskalski E, Busch M, Kohn R, Flood J, Ganem D (1996). "The seroepidemiology of human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus): distribution of infection in KS risk groups and evidence for sexual transmission". Nat Med. 2 (8): 918–24. doi:10.1038/nm0896-918. PMID 8705863. S2CID 36556102.
Schechter M, Craib K, Gelmon K, Montaner J, Le T, O'Shaughnessy M (1993). "HIV-1 and the aetiology of AIDS". Lancet. 341 (8846): 658–9. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90421-C. PMID 8095571. S2CID 23141531.
Diaz T; De Cock K; et al. (2005). "New strategies for HIV surveillance in resource-constrained settings: an overview". AIDS. 19 (Suppl2): S1 – S8. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000172871.80723.3e. PMID 15930836. S2CID 11796402.
Cohen, J (2000). "Is AIDS in Africa a distinct disease?". Science. 288 (5474): 2153–5. doi:10.1126/science.288.5474.2153. PMID 10896593. S2CID 10365177.
Wade AS; Kane CT; et al. (2005). "HIV infection and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Senegal". AIDS. 19 (18): 2133–40. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000194128.97640.07. PMID 16284463. S2CID 2068561. One recent article on AIDS and men who have sex with men (MSM).
Chigwedere, P.; Essex, M. (2010). "AIDS Denialism and Public Health Practice". AIDS and Behavior. 14 (2): 237–247. doi:10.1007/s10461-009-9654-7. PMID 20058063. S2CID 22822335.

ucsf.edu

hivinsite.ucsf.edu

Sub-Saharan Africa Archived 22 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine From HIV InSite at the University of California, San Francisco. Retrieved 2 May 2008.

unaids.org

data.unaids.org

"HIV prevalence (%) by gender and urban/rural residence, selected sub-Saharan African countries, 2001-2005 From UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Retrieved 2 May 2008.

unaids.org

UNAIDS, 2003 Archived 14 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine.

unu.edu

ony.unu.edu

Figure of malnutrition percentage decreases^{[permanent dead link]}. Retrieved 2 May 2008.

wateraid.org

"Publications | WASH Matters" (PDF). www.wateraid.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 October 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2008.

web.archive.org

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MACS and WIHS Studies Provide Overwhelming Evidence That HIV Causes AIDS Archived 4 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine. From the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
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