Dwarfism (English Wikipedia)

Kozma, Chahira (2005-12-27). "Dwarfs in ancient Egypt". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 140A (4): 303–11. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.31068. PMID 16380966. S2CID 797288. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2008-11-12.

aub.edu.lb

meja.aub.edu.lb

Çevik, Banu; Çolakoğlu, Serhan (2010). "Anesthetic management of achondroplastic dwarf undergoing cesarean section" (PDF). M.E.J. Anesth. 20 (6). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2018.

bestlilextensions.com

"Products". www.bestlilextensions.com.

books.google.com

Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall. Dictionary of Northern Mythology, pp. 67–68. D.S. Brewer ISBN 0-85991-513-1
Adelson, Betty M. (2005). The Lives Of Dwarfs: Their Journey From Public Curiosity Toward Social Liberation. Rutgers University Press. p. 295. ISBN 9780813535487. Retrieved 8 December 2012.

cdc.gov

"Growth Charts – Clinical Growth Charts". Cdc.gov. 11 January 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

childgrowthfoundation.org

"Growth Hormone Deficiency". UK Child Growth Foundation. Archived from the original on 2009-01-16. Retrieved 2009-01-16.

chop.edu

Philadelphia, The Children's Hospital of (25 March 2014). "Skeletal Dysplasias". Chop.edu.

doi.org

Hagenäs L, Hertel T (2003). "Skeletal dysplasia, growth hormone treatment and body proportion: comparison with other syndromic and non-syndromic short children". Horm. Res. 60 Suppl 3 (3): 65–70. doi:10.1159/000074504. PMID 14671400. S2CID 29174195. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
Grunauer, Michelle; Jorge, Alexander A L (Feb 2018). "Genetic short stature". Growth Horm IGF Res. 38 (Epub 2017 Dec 6): 29–33. doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2017.12.003. PMID 29249624. Retrieved 23 March 2025.
Gollust SE, Thompson RE, Gooding HC, Biesecker BB (August 2003). "Living with achondroplasia in an average-sized world: an assessment of quality of life". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 120A (4): 447–58. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.20127. PMID 12884421. S2CID 38614817.
Jørgensen, Jens O.L.; Christiansen, Jens S. (2005), "Clinical Aspects of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults", Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults, vol. 33, KARGER, pp. 1–20, doi:10.1159/000088338, ISBN 3-8055-7992-6, PMID 16166752
Kozma, Chahira (2005-12-27). "Dwarfs in ancient Egypt". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 140A (4): 303–11. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.31068. PMID 16380966. S2CID 797288. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2008-11-12.

dsauk.org

"DSAuk Events". Dsauk.org. Retrieved 2016-02-27.

genenames.org

FGFR3

glammonitor.com

Stark, Stephanie. "The Dwarf Fashion Show Debuts in New York City". Glammonitor. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2015.

hopkinsmedicine.org

"Metatropic Dysplasia |". Johns Hopkins Medicine. 2022-02-03. Retrieved 2022-03-02.

hormone.org

"The Pituitary Gland & Growth Disorders: An Overview". Archived from the original on 2013-02-10. Retrieved 2009-02-22.

jbc.org

"A Loss-of-Function Mutation in Natriuretic Peptide Receptor 2 (Npr2) Gene Is Responsible for Disproportionate Dwarfism in cn/cn Mouse" (PDF). Jbc.org.

karger.com

content.karger.com

Hagenäs L, Hertel T (2003). "Skeletal dysplasia, growth hormone treatment and body proportion: comparison with other syndromic and non-syndromic short children". Horm. Res. 60 Suppl 3 (3): 65–70. doi:10.1159/000074504. PMID 14671400. S2CID 29174195. Retrieved 2008-11-17.

karger.com

Jørgensen, Jens O.L.; Christiansen, Jens S. (2005), "Clinical Aspects of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults", Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults, vol. 33, KARGER, pp. 1–20, doi:10.1159/000088338, ISBN 3-8055-7992-6, PMID 16166752

kidshealth.org

"Dwarfism". KidsHealth. Retrieved 2015-06-30.

littlepeopleofontario.com

Preferred Terms

littlepeopleuk.org

"LittlePeople UK". Retrieved 3 October 2013.

lpaonline.org

"FAQ". Lpaonline.org. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
"Dwarfism Resources: Frequently Asked Questions". Little People of America. 2006-07-09. Archived from the original on 2006-05-16. Retrieved 2006-11-14.
Fred Short (2008). "OCCUPATIONS AND AVOCATIONS" (PDF). Little People of America. lpaonline.org. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
"Adaptive Products".

lpbigdesign.com

"little people, BIG DESIGN -Custom Furniture for Little People". lpbigdesign.

mayoclinic.com

"Dwarfism: Symptoms". MayoClinic.com. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
"Dwarfism: Treatment and drugs". Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
"Dwarfism: Complications". MayoClinic.com. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
"Dwarfism: Tests and diagnosis". Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. 2007-08-27. Retrieved 2008-11-18.

medlineplus.gov

"Metatropic dysplasia: MedlinePlus Genetics". Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

medterms.com

"Midget definition". MedicineNet. MedicineNet, Inc. 9 March 2003. Archived from the original on 2011-06-23. Retrieved 2008-11-18.

merriam-webster.com

"Definition of DWARFISM". Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
"midget". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.

nhs.uk

"Restricted growth (dwarfism) – NHS Choices". Nhs.uk. Retrieved 2017-05-04.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pauli, RM; Adam, MP; Ardinger, HH; Pagon, RA; Wallace, SE; Bean, LJH; Mefford, HC; Stephens, K; Amemiya, A; Ledbetter, N (2012). "Achondroplasia". GeneReviews. PMID 20301331.
Hagenäs L, Hertel T (2003). "Skeletal dysplasia, growth hormone treatment and body proportion: comparison with other syndromic and non-syndromic short children". Horm. Res. 60 Suppl 3 (3): 65–70. doi:10.1159/000074504. PMID 14671400. S2CID 29174195. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
Grunauer, Michelle; Jorge, Alexander A L (Feb 2018). "Genetic short stature". Growth Horm IGF Res. 38 (Epub 2017 Dec 6): 29–33. doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2017.12.003. PMID 29249624. Retrieved 23 March 2025.
Escamilla RF, Hutchings JJ, Li CH, Forsham P (August 1966). "Achondroplastic dwarfism. Effects of treatment with human growth hormone". Calif Med. 105 (2): 104–10. PMC 1516352. PMID 5946547.
Gollust SE, Thompson RE, Gooding HC, Biesecker BB (August 2003). "Living with achondroplasia in an average-sized world: an assessment of quality of life". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 120A (4): 447–58. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.20127. PMID 12884421. S2CID 38614817.
Jørgensen, Jens O.L.; Christiansen, Jens S. (2005), "Clinical Aspects of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults", Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults, vol. 33, KARGER, pp. 1–20, doi:10.1159/000088338, ISBN 3-8055-7992-6, PMID 16166752
Kozma, Chahira (2005-12-27). "Dwarfs in ancient Egypt". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 140A (4): 303–11. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.31068. PMID 16380966. S2CID 797288. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2008-11-12.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Jain, Megha; Saber, Ahmed Y. (2023-06-24). "Dwarfism". StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved 23 March 2025.
Escamilla RF, Hutchings JJ, Li CH, Forsham P (August 1966). "Achondroplastic dwarfism. Effects of treatment with human growth hormone". Calif Med. 105 (2): 104–10. PMC 1516352. PMID 5946547.

nlm.nih.gov

"MedlinePlus: Dwarfism". MedlinePlus. National Institute of Health. 2008-08-04. Retrieved 2008-10-03.

ghr.nlm.nih.gov

"Achondroplasia – Genetics Home Reference". Genetics Home Reference. National Institute of Health. 2008-09-26. Retrieved 2008-10-01.

rarediseases.info.nih.gov

"Metatropic dysplasia | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program". Rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-02.

orpha.net

"Orphanet: Metatropic dysplasia". Orpha.net. 2017-05-17. Retrieved 2022-03-02.

pbs.org

Kennedy, Dan (2006-08-08). "Big Enough. What is Dwarfism?". POV (TV series). PBS (Public Broadcasting Service). Archived from the original on 2009-03-13. Retrieved 2008-11-18.

reference.com

dictionary.reference.com

"midget". Online Etymology Dictionary. Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2008-11-18.

sacred-texts.com

The Talmud – Chapter VI. Death Of Jacob And His Sons – Moses – The Deliverance From Egypt. URL accessed April 23, 2007.

scienceblog.com

www3.scienceblog.com

"Science Blog – Short children more likely to be bullied at school". 3.scienceblog.com.

sciencedaily.com

"Dwarfs Commanded Respect In Ancient Egypt". Sciencedaily.com.

seattlechildrens.org

orthopedics.seattlechildrens.org

"Dwarfism and Bone Dysplasias". Seattle Children's Hospital, Research & Foundation. Archived from the original on 2007-05-04. Retrieved 2008-11-18.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hagenäs L, Hertel T (2003). "Skeletal dysplasia, growth hormone treatment and body proportion: comparison with other syndromic and non-syndromic short children". Horm. Res. 60 Suppl 3 (3): 65–70. doi:10.1159/000074504. PMID 14671400. S2CID 29174195. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
Gollust SE, Thompson RE, Gooding HC, Biesecker BB (August 2003). "Living with achondroplasia in an average-sized world: an assessment of quality of life". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 120A (4): 447–58. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.20127. PMID 12884421. S2CID 38614817.
Kozma, Chahira (2005-12-27). "Dwarfs in ancient Egypt". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 140A (4): 303–11. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.31068. PMID 16380966. S2CID 797288. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2008-11-12.

upenn.edu

ssc.upenn.edu

"University of Pennsylvania, Arts and Sciences: 'The Effect of Adolescent Experience on Labor Market Outcomes: The Case of Height'" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2007. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

valarguild.org

Tolkien, John Ronald Reuel (1955). The Return of the King. George Allen & Unwin. pp. Appendix F.

washington.edu

How are the terms "dwarf," "little person," and "person of short stature" commonly used?

web.archive.org

Çevik, Banu; Çolakoğlu, Serhan (2010). "Anesthetic management of achondroplastic dwarf undergoing cesarean section" (PDF). M.E.J. Anesth. 20 (6). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2018.
"University of Pennsylvania, Arts and Sciences: 'The Effect of Adolescent Experience on Labor Market Outcomes: The Case of Height'" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2007. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
"Dwarfism Resources: Frequently Asked Questions". Little People of America. 2006-07-09. Archived from the original on 2006-05-16. Retrieved 2006-11-14.
Kennedy, Dan (2006-08-08). "Big Enough. What is Dwarfism?". POV (TV series). PBS (Public Broadcasting Service). Archived from the original on 2009-03-13. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
"Dwarfism and Bone Dysplasias". Seattle Children's Hospital, Research & Foundation. Archived from the original on 2007-05-04. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
"The Pituitary Gland & Growth Disorders: An Overview". Archived from the original on 2013-02-10. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
"Growth Hormone Deficiency". UK Child Growth Foundation. Archived from the original on 2009-01-16. Retrieved 2009-01-16.
"Midget definition". MedicineNet. MedicineNet, Inc. 9 March 2003. Archived from the original on 2011-06-23. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
Stark, Stephanie. "The Dwarf Fashion Show Debuts in New York City". Glammonitor. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2015.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Gollust SE, Thompson RE, Gooding HC, Biesecker BB (August 2003). "Living with achondroplasia in an average-sized world: an assessment of quality of life". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 120A (4): 447–58. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.20127. PMID 12884421. S2CID 38614817.

www3.interscience.wiley.com

Kozma, Chahira (2005-12-27). "Dwarfs in ancient Egypt". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 140A (4): 303–11. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.31068. PMID 16380966. S2CID 797288. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2008-11-12.

wrongdiagnosis.com

"Causes of Dwarfism". WrongDiagnosis.com. Retrieved 2009-03-23.
"DWARFISM (Algorithmic Diagnosis of Symptoms and Signs)". WrongDiagnosis.com. Retrieved 2009-02-22.