Earwig (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Earwig" in English language version.

Last modified: 02:01:43, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

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4728web.archive.org

1^st place

259books.google.com

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1514doi.org

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103archive.org

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99nih.gov

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87semanticscholar.org

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66adsabs.harvard.edu

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54worldcat.org

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31tolweb.org

2,815^th place

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31jstor.org

23^rd place

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21colostate.edu

4,400^th place

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21ncsu.edu

2,653^rd place

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21tamu.edu

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21bioone.org

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11mapress.com

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11csiro.au

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11cambridge.org

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11nhm.ac.uk

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11zobodat.at

2,382^nd place

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11smithsonianmag.com

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11pan.krakow.pl

low place

11osu.edu

2,360^th place

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11unibas.ch

9,678^th place

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11gutenberg.org

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11mypmp.net

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11bishopmuseum.org

5,427^th place

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11illinois.edu

1,178^th place

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11ufl.edu

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11earwigs-online.de

low place

11snopes.com

1,669^th place

1,125^th place

11nightgallery.net

low place

11poetrynook.com

low place

11konchukan.net

low place

11penguin.co.uk

5,247^th place

2,808^th place

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Staerkle M; M Koelliker (2008). "Maternal Food Regurgitation to Nymphs in Earwigs (Forficula auricularia)" (PDF). Ethology. 114 (9): 844–850. Bibcode:2008Ethol.114..844S. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01526.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 July 2011.
Jarvis, Karl J.; Haas, Fabian; Whiting, Michael F. (2005). "Phylogeny of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera) based on molecular and morphological evidence: Reconsidering the classification of Dermaptera". Systematic Entomology. 30 (3): 442–453. Bibcode:2005SysEn..30..442J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00276.x. S2CID 85718043.
Kocarek, Petr; John, Vaclav; Hulva, Pavel (2013). "When the Body Hides the Ancestry: Phylogeny of Morphologically Modified Epizoic Earwigs Based on Molecular Evidence". PLOS ONE. 8 (6) e66900. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...866900K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066900. PMC 3691250. PMID 23826171.
Wipfler, Benjamin; Letsch, Harald; Frandsen, Paul B.; Kapli, Paschalia; Mayer, Christoph; Bartel, Daniela; Buckley, Thomas R.; Donath, Alexander; Edgerly-Rooks, Janice S.; Fujita, Mari; Liu, Shanlin (19 February 2019). "Evolutionary history of Polyneoptera and its implications for our understanding of early winged insects". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (8): 3024–3029. Bibcode:2019PNAS..116.3024W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1817794116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6386694. PMID 30642969.
Jarvis, KJ; F Haas; MF Whiting (2004). "A phylogeny of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera) based on molecular and morphological evidence: reconsidering the classification of Dermaptera" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 30 (3): 1–12. Bibcode:2005SysEn..30..442J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00276.x. S2CID 85718043. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2011.
Solomon, M.G. (March 1992). "Exploitation of predators in UK fruit and hop culture". Phytoparasitica. 20 (Supplement 1): 51S–56S. Bibcode:1992Phyto..20S..51S. doi:10.1007/BF02980408. S2CID 45136503.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Gillott, Cedric (2005). Entomology (3 ed.). Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 175–179. ISBN 978-1-4020-3184-7.
Gullan, P.J.; P.S. Cranston (2005). "9 - Ground Dwelling Insects". The Insects: An Outline of Entomology (3 ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-4051-1113-3.
Powell, Jerry A. (2009). "Dermaptera". In Resh, Vincent H.; Cardé, Ring T. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Insects (illustrated 2nd ed.). Academic Press. p. 1132. ISBN 978-0-12-374144-8.

bioone.org (Global: 1,999^th place; English: 1,596^th place)

Engel, Michael S.; Haas, Fabian (2007). "Family-group Names for Earwigs (Dermaptera)". American Museum Novitates (3567): 1. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2007)539[1:FNFED]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 85642033.

bishopmuseum.org (Global: 5,427^th place; English: 6,552^nd place)

hbs.bishopmuseum.org

Nakata, Satsuko; TC Maa (1974). "A review of the parasitic earwigs" (PDF). Pacific Insects. 16: 307–374. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 August 2010. Retrieved 28 November 2009.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Skeat, Walter W. (2013). An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. Courier Corporation. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-486-31765-6. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
Burton, Maurice (January 2001). International Wildlife Encyclopedia (3 ed.). Marshall Cavendish Inc. ISBN 978-0-7614-7266-7. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
Grimaldi, David; Michael Engel (May 2005). "7". Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge Evolution Ser. (1 ed.). Cambridge University: Cambridge University Press. pp. 217–222. ISBN 978-0-521-82149-0. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2009.
Carpenter, George Herbert (1899). "4". Insects: their structure & life. London: J. M. & Co. pp. 170–172. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
T. Costa, James (May 2006). "3". The other insect societies. Foreword by Bert Hölldobler and commentary by Edward O. Wilson (1 ed.). Harvard University: Harvard University Press. pp. 53–54. ISBN 978-0-674-02163-1. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
Gullan, P.J.; P.S. Cranston (2005). "9 - Ground Dwelling Insects". The Insects: An Outline of Entomology (3 ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-4051-1113-3.
Gordh, George; David H. Headrick (2003). A Dictionary of Entomology. CABI Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85199-655-4. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
Nation, James L. (28 November 2001). "11: Circulatory System". Insect physiology and biochemistry (1 ed.). CRC Press. p. 310. ISBN 978-0-8493-1181-9. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
Gillot, C. Entomology 2nd Ed. (1995) Springer, ISBN 0-306-44967-6, ISBN 978-0-306-44967-3. Accessed on Google Books Archived 11 June 2020 at the Wayback Machine on 25 November 2009.

cambridge.org (Global: 209^th place; English: 151^st place)

Robinson, William H. (2005). Urban Insects and Arachnids: A Handbook of Urban Entomology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-521-81253-5. Archived from the original on 17 May 2006. Retrieved 28 November 2009.

colostate.edu (Global: 4,400^th place; English: 2,953^rd place)

ext.colostate.edu

Cranshaw, W.S. (January 2007). "European Earwigs". 5.533. Colorado State University. Archived from the original on 27 July 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2009.

csiro.au (Global: 3,457^th place; English: 2,432^nd place)

ento.csiro.au

"Dermaptera: earwigs". Insects and their Allies. CSIRO. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2015.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Zhang, Z.-Q. (2011). "Phylum Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848 In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3148: 99–103. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
Kamimura, Y (1 September 2004). "In Search of the Origin of Twin Penises: Molecular Phylogeny of Earwigs (Dermaptera: Forficulina) Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear Ribosomal RNA Genes". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 97 (5): 903–912. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0903:ISOTOO]2.0.CO;2.
Staerkle M; M Koelliker (2008). "Maternal Food Regurgitation to Nymphs in Earwigs (Forficula auricularia)" (PDF). Ethology. 114 (9): 844–850. Bibcode:2008Ethol.114..844S. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01526.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 July 2011.
Suzuki, S.; Kitamura M.; Matsubayashi, K. (2005). "Matriphagy in the hump earwig, Anechura harmandi (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), increases the survival rates of the offspring". Journal of Ethology. 23 (2): 211–213. doi:10.1007/s10164-005-0145-7. S2CID 26557397.
Eisner, Thomas; Rossini, Carmen; Eisner, Maria (1941). "Chemical defense of an earwig (Doru taeniatum)". Chemoecology. 10 (2): 81–87. doi:10.1007/s000490050011. S2CID 32523264. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
Weiss, Michael J.; Garrick McDonald (1998). "European earwig, Forficula auriculari L. (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), as a predator of the redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Acarina: Penthaleidae)". Australian Journal of Entomology. 37 (2): 183–185. doi:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1998.tb01569.x.
Jarvis, Karl J.; Haas, Fabian; Whiting, Michael F. (2005). "Phylogeny of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera) based on molecular and morphological evidence: Reconsidering the classification of Dermaptera". Systematic Entomology. 30 (3): 442–453. Bibcode:2005SysEn..30..442J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00276.x. S2CID 85718043.
Kocarek, Petr; John, Vaclav; Hulva, Pavel (2013). "When the Body Hides the Ancestry: Phylogeny of Morphologically Modified Epizoic Earwigs Based on Molecular Evidence". PLOS ONE. 8 (6) e66900. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...866900K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066900. PMC 3691250. PMID 23826171.
Wipfler, Benjamin; Letsch, Harald; Frandsen, Paul B.; Kapli, Paschalia; Mayer, Christoph; Bartel, Daniela; Buckley, Thomas R.; Donath, Alexander; Edgerly-Rooks, Janice S.; Fujita, Mari; Liu, Shanlin (19 February 2019). "Evolutionary history of Polyneoptera and its implications for our understanding of early winged insects". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (8): 3024–3029. Bibcode:2019PNAS..116.3024W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1817794116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6386694. PMID 30642969.
Pass, Günther; Hans Agricola; Heiner Birkenbeil; Heinz Penzlin (August 1988). "Morphology of neurones associated with the antennal heart of Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Insecta)". Cell and Tissue Research. 253 (2): 319–326. doi:10.1007/bf00222288. ISSN 0302-766X. PMID 3409288. S2CID 24602483.
Engel, Michael S.; Haas, Fabian (2007). "Family-group Names for Earwigs (Dermaptera)". American Museum Novitates (3567): 1. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2007)539[1:FNFED]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 85642033.
Jarvis, KJ; F Haas; MF Whiting (2004). "A phylogeny of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera) based on molecular and morphological evidence: reconsidering the classification of Dermaptera" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 30 (3): 1–12. Bibcode:2005SysEn..30..442J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00276.x. S2CID 85718043. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2011.
Gordon, SC; Cormack, MR; Hackett, CA (September 1997). "Arthropod contamination of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) harvested by machine in Scotland". Journal of Horticultural Science. 72 (5): 677–685. doi:10.1080/14620316.1997.11515559.
Solomon, M.G. (March 1992). "Exploitation of predators in UK fruit and hop culture". Phytoparasitica. 20 (Supplement 1): 51S–56S. Bibcode:1992Phyto..20S..51S. doi:10.1007/BF02980408. S2CID 45136503.

earwigs-online.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Jarvis, KJ; F Haas; MF Whiting (2004). "A phylogeny of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera) based on molecular and morphological evidence: reconsidering the classification of Dermaptera" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 30 (3): 1–12. Bibcode:2005SysEn..30..442J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00276.x. S2CID 85718043. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2011.

gutenberg.org (Global: 629^th place; English: 427^th place)

Cowan, Frank, The Project Gutenberg EBook of Curious Facts in the History of Insects; Including Spiders and Scorpions, 1865, EBook issue 15 December 2012, (citing Gentleman's Magazine, Aug. 1855, vol xxv, p. 376.) Accessed 1 September 2021

illinois.edu (Global: 1,178^th place; English: 745^th place)

urbanext.illinois.edu

Grupp, Susan M.; Philip L. Nixon. "The Bug Review-Earwigs". Extension Entomologist, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. p. 1. Archived from the original on 7 December 2009. Retrieved 15 November 2009.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Engel, Michael A.; Lim, Jong-Deock; Baek, Kwang-Seok; Martin, Larry D. (2002). "An Earwig from the Lower Cretaceous of Korea (Dermaptera: Forficulina)". Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society. 75 (2): 86–90. JSTOR 25086049.

konchukan.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Takada, Kenta (2013). "Vulgar dialect names of earwigs used in Kansai Region, Japan" (PDF). Kiberihamushi. 36 (2): 20–22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2017.

mapress.com (Global: 1,484^th place; English: 1,416^th place)

Zhang, Z.-Q. (2011). "Phylum Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848 In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3148: 99–103. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2012.

mypmp.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kevin Hathorne, Earwig invasion mystery, Pest Management Professional, (specialist trade journal) accessed 1 September 2021

ncsu.edu (Global: 2,653^rd place; English: 1,525^th place)

ipm.ncsu.edu

"Earwigs". North Carolina Integrated Pest Management Information. Archived from the original on 27 June 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2009.

nhm.ac.uk (Global: 416^th place; English: 865^th place)

"St Helena giant earwig Labidura herculeana". Natural History Museum. 2013. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 25 May 2013.

nightgallery.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Second Season". nightgallery.net. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 5 May 2019.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Fisher, JR (1986). "Earwig in the ear". Western Journal of Medicine. 145 (2): 245. PMC 1306897. PMID 3765607.
Kocarek, Petr; John, Vaclav; Hulva, Pavel (2013). "When the Body Hides the Ancestry: Phylogeny of Morphologically Modified Epizoic Earwigs Based on Molecular Evidence". PLOS ONE. 8 (6) e66900. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...866900K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066900. PMC 3691250. PMID 23826171.
Wipfler, Benjamin; Letsch, Harald; Frandsen, Paul B.; Kapli, Paschalia; Mayer, Christoph; Bartel, Daniela; Buckley, Thomas R.; Donath, Alexander; Edgerly-Rooks, Janice S.; Fujita, Mari; Liu, Shanlin (19 February 2019). "Evolutionary history of Polyneoptera and its implications for our understanding of early winged insects". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (8): 3024–3029. Bibcode:2019PNAS..116.3024W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1817794116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6386694. PMID 30642969.
Pass, Günther; Hans Agricola; Heiner Birkenbeil; Heinz Penzlin (August 1988). "Morphology of neurones associated with the antennal heart of Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Insecta)". Cell and Tissue Research. 253 (2): 319–326. doi:10.1007/bf00222288. ISSN 0302-766X. PMID 3409288. S2CID 24602483.
Fisher, JR (1986). "Earwig in the ear". West J Med. 145 (2): 245. PMC 1306897. PMID 3765607.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Fisher, JR (1986). "Earwig in the ear". Western Journal of Medicine. 145 (2): 245. PMC 1306897. PMID 3765607.
Kocarek, Petr; John, Vaclav; Hulva, Pavel (2013). "When the Body Hides the Ancestry: Phylogeny of Morphologically Modified Epizoic Earwigs Based on Molecular Evidence". PLOS ONE. 8 (6) e66900. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...866900K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066900. PMC 3691250. PMID 23826171.
Wipfler, Benjamin; Letsch, Harald; Frandsen, Paul B.; Kapli, Paschalia; Mayer, Christoph; Bartel, Daniela; Buckley, Thomas R.; Donath, Alexander; Edgerly-Rooks, Janice S.; Fujita, Mari; Liu, Shanlin (19 February 2019). "Evolutionary history of Polyneoptera and its implications for our understanding of early winged insects". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (8): 3024–3029. Bibcode:2019PNAS..116.3024W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1817794116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6386694. PMID 30642969.
Fisher, JR (1986). "Earwig in the ear". West J Med. 145 (2): 245. PMC 1306897. PMID 3765607.

osu.edu (Global: 2,360^th place; English: 1,459^th place)

ohioline.osu.edu

"Earwigs, HYG-2068-94". Ohio State University. Retrieved 20 July 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

pan.krakow.pl (Global: low place; English: low place)

isez.pan.krakow.pl

Haas, Fabian (2003). "The evolution of wing folding and flight in the Dermaptera (Insecta)" (PDF). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia. 46: 67–72. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2009.

penguin.co.uk (Global: 5,247^th place; English: 2,808^th place)

"Extract - George's Marvellous Medicine by Roald Dahl". www.penguin.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 January 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2019.

poetrynook.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Love Lane Archived 14 June 2020 at the Wayback Machine Poetry Nook.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Suzuki, S.; Kitamura M.; Matsubayashi, K. (2005). "Matriphagy in the hump earwig, Anechura harmandi (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), increases the survival rates of the offspring". Journal of Ethology. 23 (2): 211–213. doi:10.1007/s10164-005-0145-7. S2CID 26557397.
Eisner, Thomas; Rossini, Carmen; Eisner, Maria (1941). "Chemical defense of an earwig (Doru taeniatum)". Chemoecology. 10 (2): 81–87. doi:10.1007/s000490050011. S2CID 32523264. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
Jarvis, Karl J.; Haas, Fabian; Whiting, Michael F. (2005). "Phylogeny of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera) based on molecular and morphological evidence: Reconsidering the classification of Dermaptera". Systematic Entomology. 30 (3): 442–453. Bibcode:2005SysEn..30..442J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00276.x. S2CID 85718043.
Pass, Günther; Hans Agricola; Heiner Birkenbeil; Heinz Penzlin (August 1988). "Morphology of neurones associated with the antennal heart of Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Insecta)". Cell and Tissue Research. 253 (2): 319–326. doi:10.1007/bf00222288. ISSN 0302-766X. PMID 3409288. S2CID 24602483.
Engel, Michael S.; Haas, Fabian (2007). "Family-group Names for Earwigs (Dermaptera)". American Museum Novitates (3567): 1. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2007)539[1:FNFED]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 85642033.
Jarvis, KJ; F Haas; MF Whiting (2004). "A phylogeny of earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera) based on molecular and morphological evidence: reconsidering the classification of Dermaptera" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 30 (3): 1–12. Bibcode:2005SysEn..30..442J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00276.x. S2CID 85718043. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2011.
Solomon, M.G. (March 1992). "Exploitation of predators in UK fruit and hop culture". Phytoparasitica. 20 (Supplement 1): 51S–56S. Bibcode:1992Phyto..20S..51S. doi:10.1007/BF02980408. S2CID 45136503.

smithsonianmag.com (Global: 663^rd place; English: 431^st place)

Balukjian, Brad (8 November 2021). "Half of These Earwigs Use Their Right Penis. The Other Half Use Their Left Penis. Why?". Smithsonian Magazine.

snopes.com (Global: 1,669^th place; English: 1,125^th place)

Mikkelson, Barbara; David P. Mikkelson (1995). "Bugs in the Ear". Urban Legends Reference Pages. Snopes.com. p. 1. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2009.

tamu.edu (Global: 289^th place; English: 1,073^rd place)

insects.tamu.edu

Drees, B.M.; Jackman, John (1999). "Earwig". Field Guide to Texas Insects. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company. p. 1. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 15 November 2009.

tolweb.org (Global: 2,815^th place; English: 3,619^th place)

Fabian Haas. Dermaptera — Earwigs. Tree of Life web project. Archived from the original on 16 July 2007. Retrieved 26 July 2007.

ufl.edu (Global: 880^th place; English: 578^th place)

edis.ifas.ufl.edu

Capinera, John L. (June 1999). "EENY088/IN245: Ringlegged Earwig, Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) (Insecta: Dermaptera: Carcinophoridae)". Entomology and Nematology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. p. 1. Archived from the original on 24 November 2009. Retrieved 15 November 2009.

unibas.ch (Global: 9,678^th place; English: low place)

evolution.unibas.ch

Staerkle M; M Koelliker (2008). "Maternal Food Regurgitation to Nymphs in Earwigs (Forficula auricularia)" (PDF). Ethology. 114 (9): 844–850. Bibcode:2008Ethol.114..844S. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01526.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 July 2011.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Zhang, Z.-Q. (2011). "Phylum Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848 In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3148: 99–103. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
Skeat, Walter W. (2013). An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. Courier Corporation. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-486-31765-6. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
"Dermaptera: earwigs". Insects and their Allies. CSIRO. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
Burton, Maurice (January 2001). International Wildlife Encyclopedia (3 ed.). Marshall Cavendish Inc. ISBN 978-0-7614-7266-7. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
Robinson, William H. (2005). Urban Insects and Arachnids: A Handbook of Urban Entomology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-521-81253-5. Archived from the original on 17 May 2006. Retrieved 28 November 2009.
Cranshaw, W.S. (January 2007). "European Earwigs". 5.533. Colorado State University. Archived from the original on 27 July 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
"St Helena giant earwig Labidura herculeana". Natural History Museum. 2013. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 25 May 2013.
Grimaldi, David; Michael Engel (May 2005). "7". Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge Evolution Ser. (1 ed.). Cambridge University: Cambridge University Press. pp. 217–222. ISBN 978-0-521-82149-0. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2009.
Carpenter, George Herbert (1899). "4". Insects: their structure & life. London: J. M. & Co. pp. 170–172. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
T. Costa, James (May 2006). "3". The other insect societies. Foreword by Bert Hölldobler and commentary by Edward O. Wilson (1 ed.). Harvard University: Harvard University Press. pp. 53–54. ISBN 978-0-674-02163-1. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
"Earwigs". North Carolina Integrated Pest Management Information. Archived from the original on 27 June 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
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"Mating and genital coupling in the primitive earwig species Echinosoma denticulatum (Pygidicranidae): implications for genital evolution in dermapteran phylogeny" (PDF).

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