Eastern wolf (English Wikipedia)

Theberge, J. B. & M. T. Theberge (2004). The wolves of Algonquin Park, a 12 Year Ecological Study Archived 2018-06-12 at the Wayback Machine, Department of Geography, Publication Series Number 56, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario

amnh.org

digitallibrary.amnh.org

Tedford, Richard H.; Wang, Xiaoming; Taylor, Beryl E. (2009). "Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 325: 1–218. doi:10.1206/574.1. hdl:2246/5999. S2CID 83594819.

archive.org

Glover, A. (1942), Extinct and vanishing mammals of the western hemisphere, with the marine species of all the oceans, American Committee for International Wild Life Protection, pp. 210–217.
Young, E. R. (1903). Algonquin Indian Tales, New York : Eaton & Mains; Cincinnati, Jennings & Pye.

biodiversitylibrary.org

Nowak, Ronald M. (1979). North American Quaternary Canis. 6. Monograph of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. p. 106. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.4072. ISBN 978-0-89338-007-6. Retrieved 1 May 2017.

books.google.com

Beeland, T. (2013). "8-Tracing the Origins of Red Wolves". The Secret World of Red Wolves: The Fight to Save North America's Other Wolf. University of North Carolina Press. pp. 105–123. ISBN 978-1-4696-0199-1.
Wang, Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H. (2008). Dogs: Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-13528-3. OCLC 185095648.

bucknell.edu

departments.bucknell.edu

Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

canada.ca

wildlife-species.canada.ca

Government of Canada - COSEWIC (2015). "Eastern wolf".

catalogueoflife.org

Roskov Y.; Abucay L.; Orrell T.; et al., eds. (May 2018). "Canis lupus lycaon Schreber, 1775". Catalogue of Life 2018 Checklist. Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 8 June 2018.

cbc.ca

"Wolf shot in New Brunswick was wild, tests confirm". CBC News. January 29, 2013. Retrieved 2021-04-27.

cossaroagency.ca

"Ontario Species at Risk Evaluation Report for Algonquin Wolf (Canis sp.)" (PDF). Cossaroagency.ca. Retrieved 19 March 2022.

csic.es

digital.csic.es

Koblmüller, S.; Nord, M.; Wayne, R. K. & Leonard, J. A. (2009). "Origin and status of the Great Lakes wolf" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 18 (11): 2313–2326. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.2313K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04176.x. hdl:10261/58581. PMID 19366404. S2CID 1090307.

darwin-online.org.uk

Darwin, Charles (1859). "(NY Times copy)" (PDF). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London, UK: John Murray. pp. 318–319. Retrieved 17 November 2018.

doi.org

Vonholdt, B. M.; Cahill, J. A.; Fan, Z.; Gronau, I.; Robinson, J.; Pollinger, J. P.; Shapiro, B.; Wall, J.; Wayne, R. K. (2016). "Whole-genome sequence analysis shows that two endemic species of North American wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf". Science Advances. 2 (7): e1501714. Bibcode:2016SciA....2E1714V. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501714. PMC 5919777. PMID 29713682.
Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Gopalakrishan, Shyam; Vieira, Filipe G.; Samaniego Castruita, Jose A.; Raundrup, Katrine; Heide Jørgensen, Mads Peter; Meldgaard, Morten; Petersen, Bent; Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas; Mikkelsen, Johan Brus; Marquard-Petersen, Ulf; Dietz, Rune; Sonne, Christian; Dalén, Love; Bachmann, Lutz; Wiig, Øystein; Hansen, Anders J.; Gilbert, M. Thomas P. (2018). "Population genomics of grey wolves and wolf-like canids in North America". PLOS Genetics. 14 (11): e1007745. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1007745. PMC 6231604. PMID 30419012.
Wilson, Paul J; Grewal, Sonya; Lawford, Ian D; Heal, Jennifer NM; Granacki, Angela G; Pennock, David; Theberge, John B; Theberge, Mary T; Voigt, Dennis R; Waddell, Will; Chambers, Robert E; Paquet, Paul C; Goulet, Gloria; Cluff, Dean; White, Bradley N (2000). "DNA profiles of the eastern Canadian wolf and the red wolf provide evidence for a common evolutionary history independent of the gray wolf". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 78 (12): 2156. doi:10.1139/z00-158.
Rutledge, Linda Y.; Wilson, Paul J.; Klütsch, Cornelya F.C.; Patterson, Brent R.; White, Bradley N. (2012). "Conservation genomics in perspective: A holistic approach to understanding Canis evolution in North America" (PDF). Biological Conservation. 155: 186–192. Bibcode:2012BCons.155..186R. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2012.05.017. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
Heppenheimer, Elizabeth; Harrigan, Ryan J.; Rutledge, Linda Y.; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Decandia, Alexandra L.; Brzeski, Kristin E.; Benson, John F.; Wheeldon, Tyler; Patterson, Brent R.; Kays, Roland; Hohenlohe, Paul A.; von Holdt, Bridgett M. (2018). "Population Genomic Analysis of North American Eastern Wolves (Canis lycaon) Supports Their Conservation Priority Status". Genes. 9 (12): 606. doi:10.3390/genes9120606. PMC 6316216. PMID 30518163.
Lehman, Niles; Eisenhawer, Andrew; Hansen, Kimberly; Mech, L. David; Peterson, Rolf O; Gogan, Peter J. P; Wayne, Robert K (1991). "Introgression of Coyote Mitochondrial Dna into Sympatric North American Gray Wolf Populations". Evolution. 45 (1): 104–119. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb05270.x. PMID 28564062.
Goldman, E. A. (1937). "The Wolves of North America". Journal of Mammalogy. 18 (1): 37–45. doi:10.2307/1374306. JSTOR 1374306.
Nowak, Ronald M. (2002). "The Original Status of Wolves in Eastern North America". Southeastern Naturalist. 1 (2): 95–130. doi:10.1656/1528-7092(2002)001[0095:tosowi]2.0.co;2. S2CID 43938625.
Koblmüller, S.; Nord, M.; Wayne, R. K. & Leonard, J. A. (2009). "Origin and status of the Great Lakes wolf" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 18 (11): 2313–2326. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.2313K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04176.x. hdl:10261/58581. PMID 19366404. S2CID 1090307.
Vonholdt, Bridgett M; Pollinger, John P; Earl, Dent A; Knowles, James C; Boyko, Adam R; Parker, Heidi; Geffen, Eli; Pilot, Malgorzata; Jedrzejewski, Wlodzimierz; Jedrzejewska, Bogumila; Sidorovich, Vadim; Greco, Claudia; Randi, Ettore; Musiani, Marco; Kays, Roland; Bustamante, Carlos D; Ostrander, Elaine A; Novembre, John; Wayne, Robert K (2011). "A genome-wide perspective on the evolutionary history of enigmatic wolf-like canids". Genome Research. 21 (8): 1294–305. doi:10.1101/gr.116301.110. PMC 3149496. PMID 21566151.
Chambers, Steven M.; Fain, Steven R.; Fazio, Bud; Amaral, Michael (2012). "An account of the taxonomy of North American wolves from morphological and genetic analyses". North American Fauna. 77: 1–67. doi:10.3996/nafa.77.0001.
Nowak, Ronald M. (1979). North American Quaternary Canis. 6. Monograph of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. p. 106. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.4072. ISBN 978-0-89338-007-6. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
L. Y. Rutledge; S. Devillard; J. Q. Boone; P. A. Hohenlohe; B. N. White (July 2015). "RAD sequencing and genomic simulations resolve hybrid origins within North American Canis". Biology Letters. 11 (7): 20150303. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2015.0303. PMC 4528444. PMID 26156129.
Tedford, Richard H.; Wang, Xiaoming; Taylor, Beryl E. (2009). "Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 325: 1–218. doi:10.1206/574.1. hdl:2246/5999. S2CID 83594819.
Cronin, Matthew A; Mech, L. David (2009). "Problems with the claim of ecotype and taxon status of the wolf in the Great Lakes region". Molecular Ecology. 18 (24): 4991–3, discussion 4994–6. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.4991C. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04431.x. PMID 19919590. S2CID 1004770.
Wilson, Paul J.; Rutledge, Linda Y.; Wheeldon, Tyler J.; Patterson, Brent R.; White, Bradley N. (2012). "Y-chromosome evidence supports widespread signatures of three-species Canis hybridization in eastern North America". Ecology and Evolution. 2 (9): 2325–2332. doi:10.1002/ece3.301. PMC 3488682. PMID 23139890.
Rutledge, Linda Y.; White, Bradley N.; Row, Jeffrey R.; Patterson, Brent R. (2012). "Intense harvesting of eastern wolves facilitated hybridization with coyotes". Ecology and Evolution. 2 (1): 19–33. Bibcode:2012EcoEv...2...19R. doi:10.1002/ece3.61. PMC 3297175. PMID 22408723.
Mech, L. D.; Christensen, B. W.; Asa, C. S.; Callahan, M.; Young, J. K. (2014). "Production of Hybrids between Western Gray Wolves and Western Coyotes". PLOS ONE. 9 (2): e88861. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...988861M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088861. PMC 3934856. PMID 24586418.
Ersmark, Erik; Klütsch, Cornelya F. C.; Chan, Yvonne L.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Fain, Steven R.; Illarionova, Natalia A.; Oskarsson, Mattias; Uhlén, Mathias; Zhang, Ya-Ping; Dalén, Love; Savolainen, Peter (2016). "From the Past to the Present: Wolf Phylogeography and Demographic History Based on the Mitochondrial Control Region". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 4. doi:10.3389/fevo.2016.00134.
Oetjens, Matthew T; Martin, Axel; Veeramah, Krishna R; Kidd, Jeffrey M (2018). "Analysis of the canid Y-chromosome phylogeny using short-read sequencing data reveals the presence of distinct haplogroups among Neolithic European dogs". BMC Genomics. 19 (1): 350. doi:10.1186/s12864-018-4749-z. PMC 5946424. PMID 29747566.
Paul A. Hohenlohe; Linda Y. Rutledge; Lisette P. Waits; Kimberly R. Andrews; Jennifer R. Adams; Joseph W. Hinton; Ronald M. Nowak; Brent R. Patterson; Adrian P. Wydeven; Paul A. Wilson; Brad N. White (2017). "Comment on "Whole-genome sequence analysis shows two endemic species of North American wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf"". Science Advances. 3 (6): e1602250. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E2250H. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602250. PMC 5462499. PMID 28630899.
Vonholdt, Bridgett M.; Cahill, James A.; Gronau, Ilan; Shapiro, Beth; Wall, Jeff; Wayne, Robert K. (2017). "Response to Hohenloheet al". Science Advances. 3 (6): e1701233. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E1233V. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701233. PMC 5462503. PMID 28630935.
Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Samaniego Castruita, Jose A.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Kuderna, Lukas F. K.; Räikkönen, Jannikke; Petersen, Bent; Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas; Larson, Greger; Orlando, Ludovic; Marques-Bonet, Tomas; Hansen, Anders J.; Dalén, Love; Gilbert, M. Thomas P. (2017). "The wolf reference genome sequence (Canis lupus lupus) and its implications for Canis spp. Population genomics". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 495. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3883-3. PMC 5492679. PMID 28662691.
Vilaca S.T. (2023). "Tracing Eastern Wolf Origins From Whole-Genome Data in Context of Extensive Hybridization". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 40 (4): msad055. doi:10.1093/molbev/msad055. PMC 10098045. PMID 37046402.
Wilson, Paul J.; Rutledge, Linda Y. (2021). "Considering Pleistocene North American wolves and coyotes in the eastern Canis origin story". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (13): 9137–9147. Bibcode:2021EcoEv..11.9137W. doi:10.1002/ece3.7757. PMC 8258226. PMID 34257949.
Bennett, Alfred W. (22 February 1872). "[review] The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection; or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life; 6th ed". Books Received. Nature. 5 (121): 318–319. Bibcode:1872Natur...5..318B. doi:10.1038/005318a0. PMC 5184128. PMID 30164232.

duluthnewstribune.com

Myers, John (5 December 2018). "Voyageurs National Park wolves eating beaver and blueberries, ..." Duluth News Tribune. Archived from the original on 6 December 2018. Retrieved 7 December 2018.

fws.gov

Thiel, R. P. & Wydeven, A. P. (2012). Eastern Wolf (Canis lycaon) Status Assessment Report: Covering East-Central North America Archived 2019-01-10 at the Wayback Machine, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dumbacher, J., Review of Proposed Rule Regarding Status of the Wolf Under the Endangered Species Act, NCEAS (January 2014)

google.com

Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Koblmüller, S.; Nord, M.; Wayne, R. K. & Leonard, J. A. (2009). "Origin and status of the Great Lakes wolf" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 18 (11): 2313–2326. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.2313K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04176.x. hdl:10261/58581. PMID 19366404. S2CID 1090307.
Tedford, Richard H.; Wang, Xiaoming; Taylor, Beryl E. (2009). "Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 325: 1–218. doi:10.1206/574.1. hdl:2246/5999. S2CID 83594819.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Vonholdt, B. M.; Cahill, J. A.; Fan, Z.; Gronau, I.; Robinson, J.; Pollinger, J. P.; Shapiro, B.; Wall, J.; Wayne, R. K. (2016). "Whole-genome sequence analysis shows that two endemic species of North American wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf". Science Advances. 2 (7): e1501714. Bibcode:2016SciA....2E1714V. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501714. PMC 5919777. PMID 29713682.
Rutledge, Linda Y.; Wilson, Paul J.; Klütsch, Cornelya F.C.; Patterson, Brent R.; White, Bradley N. (2012). "Conservation genomics in perspective: A holistic approach to understanding Canis evolution in North America" (PDF). Biological Conservation. 155: 186–192. Bibcode:2012BCons.155..186R. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2012.05.017. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
Koblmüller, S.; Nord, M.; Wayne, R. K. & Leonard, J. A. (2009). "Origin and status of the Great Lakes wolf" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 18 (11): 2313–2326. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.2313K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04176.x. hdl:10261/58581. PMID 19366404. S2CID 1090307.
Cronin, Matthew A; Mech, L. David (2009). "Problems with the claim of ecotype and taxon status of the wolf in the Great Lakes region". Molecular Ecology. 18 (24): 4991–3, discussion 4994–6. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.4991C. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04431.x. PMID 19919590. S2CID 1004770.
Rutledge, Linda Y.; White, Bradley N.; Row, Jeffrey R.; Patterson, Brent R. (2012). "Intense harvesting of eastern wolves facilitated hybridization with coyotes". Ecology and Evolution. 2 (1): 19–33. Bibcode:2012EcoEv...2...19R. doi:10.1002/ece3.61. PMC 3297175. PMID 22408723.
Mech, L. D.; Christensen, B. W.; Asa, C. S.; Callahan, M.; Young, J. K. (2014). "Production of Hybrids between Western Gray Wolves and Western Coyotes". PLOS ONE. 9 (2): e88861. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...988861M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088861. PMC 3934856. PMID 24586418.
Paul A. Hohenlohe; Linda Y. Rutledge; Lisette P. Waits; Kimberly R. Andrews; Jennifer R. Adams; Joseph W. Hinton; Ronald M. Nowak; Brent R. Patterson; Adrian P. Wydeven; Paul A. Wilson; Brad N. White (2017). "Comment on "Whole-genome sequence analysis shows two endemic species of North American wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf"". Science Advances. 3 (6): e1602250. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E2250H. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602250. PMC 5462499. PMID 28630899.
Vonholdt, Bridgett M.; Cahill, James A.; Gronau, Ilan; Shapiro, Beth; Wall, Jeff; Wayne, Robert K. (2017). "Response to Hohenloheet al". Science Advances. 3 (6): e1701233. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E1233V. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701233. PMC 5462503. PMID 28630935.
Wilson, Paul J.; Rutledge, Linda Y. (2021). "Considering Pleistocene North American wolves and coyotes in the eastern Canis origin story". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (13): 9137–9147. Bibcode:2021EcoEv..11.9137W. doi:10.1002/ece3.7757. PMC 8258226. PMID 34257949.
Bennett, Alfred W. (22 February 1872). "[review] The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection; or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life; 6th ed". Books Received. Nature. 5 (121): 318–319. Bibcode:1872Natur...5..318B. doi:10.1038/005318a0. PMC 5184128. PMID 30164232.

jstor.org

Goldman, E. A. (1937). "The Wolves of North America". Journal of Mammalogy. 18 (1): 37–45. doi:10.2307/1374306. JSTOR 1374306.

justice.gc.ca

laws-lois.justice.gc.ca

"List of Wildlife Species at Risk" (PDF). Laws-lois.justice.gc.ca. Retrieved 19 March 2022.

mammaldiversity.org

"Mammal Diversity Database". American Society of Mammalogists. Retrieved 28 December 2020.

natureserve.org

explorer.natureserve.org

"NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 25 October 2022.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Vonholdt, B. M.; Cahill, J. A.; Fan, Z.; Gronau, I.; Robinson, J.; Pollinger, J. P.; Shapiro, B.; Wall, J.; Wayne, R. K. (2016). "Whole-genome sequence analysis shows that two endemic species of North American wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf". Science Advances. 2 (7): e1501714. Bibcode:2016SciA....2E1714V. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501714. PMC 5919777. PMID 29713682.
Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Gopalakrishan, Shyam; Vieira, Filipe G.; Samaniego Castruita, Jose A.; Raundrup, Katrine; Heide Jørgensen, Mads Peter; Meldgaard, Morten; Petersen, Bent; Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas; Mikkelsen, Johan Brus; Marquard-Petersen, Ulf; Dietz, Rune; Sonne, Christian; Dalén, Love; Bachmann, Lutz; Wiig, Øystein; Hansen, Anders J.; Gilbert, M. Thomas P. (2018). "Population genomics of grey wolves and wolf-like canids in North America". PLOS Genetics. 14 (11): e1007745. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1007745. PMC 6231604. PMID 30419012.
Heppenheimer, Elizabeth; Harrigan, Ryan J.; Rutledge, Linda Y.; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Decandia, Alexandra L.; Brzeski, Kristin E.; Benson, John F.; Wheeldon, Tyler; Patterson, Brent R.; Kays, Roland; Hohenlohe, Paul A.; von Holdt, Bridgett M. (2018). "Population Genomic Analysis of North American Eastern Wolves (Canis lycaon) Supports Their Conservation Priority Status". Genes. 9 (12): 606. doi:10.3390/genes9120606. PMC 6316216. PMID 30518163.
Lehman, Niles; Eisenhawer, Andrew; Hansen, Kimberly; Mech, L. David; Peterson, Rolf O; Gogan, Peter J. P; Wayne, Robert K (1991). "Introgression of Coyote Mitochondrial Dna into Sympatric North American Gray Wolf Populations". Evolution. 45 (1): 104–119. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb05270.x. PMID 28564062.
Koblmüller, S.; Nord, M.; Wayne, R. K. & Leonard, J. A. (2009). "Origin and status of the Great Lakes wolf" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 18 (11): 2313–2326. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.2313K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04176.x. hdl:10261/58581. PMID 19366404. S2CID 1090307.
Vonholdt, Bridgett M; Pollinger, John P; Earl, Dent A; Knowles, James C; Boyko, Adam R; Parker, Heidi; Geffen, Eli; Pilot, Malgorzata; Jedrzejewski, Wlodzimierz; Jedrzejewska, Bogumila; Sidorovich, Vadim; Greco, Claudia; Randi, Ettore; Musiani, Marco; Kays, Roland; Bustamante, Carlos D; Ostrander, Elaine A; Novembre, John; Wayne, Robert K (2011). "A genome-wide perspective on the evolutionary history of enigmatic wolf-like canids". Genome Research. 21 (8): 1294–305. doi:10.1101/gr.116301.110. PMC 3149496. PMID 21566151.
L. Y. Rutledge; S. Devillard; J. Q. Boone; P. A. Hohenlohe; B. N. White (July 2015). "RAD sequencing and genomic simulations resolve hybrid origins within North American Canis". Biology Letters. 11 (7): 20150303. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2015.0303. PMC 4528444. PMID 26156129.
Cronin, Matthew A; Mech, L. David (2009). "Problems with the claim of ecotype and taxon status of the wolf in the Great Lakes region". Molecular Ecology. 18 (24): 4991–3, discussion 4994–6. Bibcode:2009MolEc..18.4991C. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04431.x. PMID 19919590. S2CID 1004770.
Wilson, Paul J.; Rutledge, Linda Y.; Wheeldon, Tyler J.; Patterson, Brent R.; White, Bradley N. (2012). "Y-chromosome evidence supports widespread signatures of three-species Canis hybridization in eastern North America". Ecology and Evolution. 2 (9): 2325–2332. doi:10.1002/ece3.301. PMC 3488682. PMID 23139890.
Rutledge, Linda Y.; White, Bradley N.; Row, Jeffrey R.; Patterson, Brent R. (2012). "Intense harvesting of eastern wolves facilitated hybridization with coyotes". Ecology and Evolution. 2 (1): 19–33. Bibcode:2012EcoEv...2...19R. doi:10.1002/ece3.61. PMC 3297175. PMID 22408723.
Mech, L. D.; Christensen, B. W.; Asa, C. S.; Callahan, M.; Young, J. K. (2014). "Production of Hybrids between Western Gray Wolves and Western Coyotes". PLOS ONE. 9 (2): e88861. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...988861M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088861. PMC 3934856. PMID 24586418.
Oetjens, Matthew T; Martin, Axel; Veeramah, Krishna R; Kidd, Jeffrey M (2018). "Analysis of the canid Y-chromosome phylogeny using short-read sequencing data reveals the presence of distinct haplogroups among Neolithic European dogs". BMC Genomics. 19 (1): 350. doi:10.1186/s12864-018-4749-z. PMC 5946424. PMID 29747566.
Paul A. Hohenlohe; Linda Y. Rutledge; Lisette P. Waits; Kimberly R. Andrews; Jennifer R. Adams; Joseph W. Hinton; Ronald M. Nowak; Brent R. Patterson; Adrian P. Wydeven; Paul A. Wilson; Brad N. White (2017). "Comment on "Whole-genome sequence analysis shows two endemic species of North American wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf"". Science Advances. 3 (6): e1602250. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E2250H. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602250. PMC 5462499. PMID 28630899.
Vonholdt, Bridgett M.; Cahill, James A.; Gronau, Ilan; Shapiro, Beth; Wall, Jeff; Wayne, Robert K. (2017). "Response to Hohenloheet al". Science Advances. 3 (6): e1701233. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E1233V. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701233. PMC 5462503. PMID 28630935.
Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Samaniego Castruita, Jose A.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Kuderna, Lukas F. K.; Räikkönen, Jannikke; Petersen, Bent; Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas; Larson, Greger; Orlando, Ludovic; Marques-Bonet, Tomas; Hansen, Anders J.; Dalén, Love; Gilbert, M. Thomas P. (2017). "The wolf reference genome sequence (Canis lupus lupus) and its implications for Canis spp. Population genomics". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 495. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3883-3. PMC 5492679. PMID 28662691.
Vilaca S.T. (2023). "Tracing Eastern Wolf Origins From Whole-Genome Data in Context of Extensive Hybridization". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 40 (4): msad055. doi:10.1093/molbev/msad055. PMC 10098045. PMID 37046402.
Wilson, Paul J.; Rutledge, Linda Y. (2021). "Considering Pleistocene North American wolves and coyotes in the eastern Canis origin story". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (13): 9137–9147. Bibcode:2021EcoEv..11.9137W. doi:10.1002/ece3.7757. PMC 8258226. PMID 34257949.
Bennett, Alfred W. (22 February 1872). "[review] The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection; or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life; 6th ed". Books Received. Nature. 5 (121): 318–319. Bibcode:1872Natur...5..318B. doi:10.1038/005318a0. PMC 5184128. PMID 30164232.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Vonholdt, B. M.; Cahill, J. A.; Fan, Z.; Gronau, I.; Robinson, J.; Pollinger, J. P.; Shapiro, B.; Wall, J.; Wayne, R. K. (2016). "Whole-genome sequence analysis shows that two endemic species of North American wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf". Science Advances. 2 (7): e1501714. Bibcode:2016SciA....2E1714V. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501714. PMC 5919777. PMID 29713682.
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