Economic history of the Ottoman Empire (English Wikipedia)

Casale (2006) Casale, Giancarlo (2006). "The Ottoman administration of the spice trade in the sixteenth century Red Sea and Persian Gulf". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 49 (2): 170–198. doi:10.1163/156852006777502081.
Quataert (1975), pp. 210–211 Quataert, Donald (1975). "Dilemma of development: the agricultural bank and agricultural reform in Ottoman Turkey, 1888–1908". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 6 (2): 210–227. doi:10.1017/S002074380002451X. JSTOR 162420. S2CID 163638216.
Critz, Olmstead & Rhode (1999) Critz, José Morilla; Olmstead, Alan L.; Rhode, Paul W. (1999). ""Horn of Plenty": The globalization of Mediterranean horticulture and the economic development of southern Europe, 1880–1930". Journal of Economic History. 59 (2): 316–352. doi:10.1017/S0022050700022853. JSTOR 2566554. PMID 21987866. S2CID 44972078.
Baer (1970) Baer, Gabriel (1970). "The administrative, economic and social functions of Turkish guilds". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 1 (1): 28–50. doi:10.1017/S0020743800023898. S2CID 162806163.
Frangakis-Syrett (1994), p. 115 Frangakis-Syrett, Elena (1994). "Book review: Donald Quataert, Manufacturing and Technology Transfer in the Ottoman Empire, 1800–1914, Études Turques-USHS no. 2 (Istanbul/Strasbourg: Isis Press and Université des Sciences Humaines de Strasbourg, 1992). Pp. 61". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (1): 114–116. doi:10.1017/S0020743800059869. S2CID 161875336.
Frangakis-Syrett (1994), p. 116 Frangakis-Syrett, Elena (1994). "Book review: Donald Quataert, Manufacturing and Technology Transfer in the Ottoman Empire, 1800–1914, Études Turques-USHS no. 2 (Istanbul/Strasbourg: Isis Press and Université des Sciences Humaines de Strasbourg, 1992). Pp. 61". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (1): 114–116. doi:10.1017/S0020743800059869. S2CID 161875336.
Pamuk (1984b) Pamuk, Şevket (1984b). "Book review: Social Disintegration and Popular Resistance in the Ottoman Empire, 1881–1908: Reactions to European Economic Penetration. By Donald Quataert. Studies in Near Eastern Civilization. New York: New York University Press, 1983. Distributed by Columbia University Press, New York. Pp. xxii, 205. $35.00". Journal of Economic History. 44 (3): 872–873. doi:10.1017/S0022050700032654.
Pamuk (1984a), p. 109 Pamuk, Şevket (1984a). "The Ottoman Empire in the 'Great Depression' of 1873–1896". Journal of Economic History. 44: 107–118. doi:10.1017/S0022050700031399. S2CID 154752536.
Raccagni (1980), p. 342 Raccagni, Michelle (1980). "The French economic interests in the Ottoman Empire". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 11 (3): 339–376. doi:10.1017/S0020743800054672. S2CID 162224837.
Pamuk (1984a), pp. 109–111 Pamuk, Şevket (1984a). "The Ottoman Empire in the 'Great Depression' of 1873–1896". Journal of Economic History. 44: 107–118. doi:10.1017/S0022050700031399. S2CID 154752536.
Wilson (2003), p. 384 Wilson, R. (2003). "Book review: A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire. By Şevket Pamuk. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2000. xxvi + 276 pp. Index, notes, bibliography, graphs, map, photographs. Cloth, $70.00". Business History Review. 77 (2): 384–386. doi:10.2307/30041180. ISBN 0-521-44197-8. JSTOR 30041180. S2CID 155963866.
Pamuk (2001), pp. 73–85 Pamuk, Şevket (2001). "The price revolution in the Ottoman Empire reconsidered". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 33 (1): 69–89. doi:10.1017/S0020743801001040. S2CID 162019398.
Pamuk (1984a), p. 110 Pamuk, Şevket (1984a). "The Ottoman Empire in the 'Great Depression' of 1873–1896". Journal of Economic History. 44: 107–118. doi:10.1017/S0022050700031399. S2CID 154752536.
Clay (2001a), p. 204 Clay, Christopher (2001a). "Book review: The Ottoman city between east and west: Aleppo, Izmir, and Istanbul". Economic History Review. 54 (1): 204. doi:10.1111/1468-0289.t01-1-00189.
Pamuk (2001) Pamuk, Şevket (2001). "The price revolution in the Ottoman Empire reconsidered". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 33 (1): 69–89. doi:10.1017/S0020743801001040. S2CID 162019398.
Pamuk (2001), p. 71 Pamuk, Şevket (2001). "The price revolution in the Ottoman Empire reconsidered". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 33 (1): 69–89. doi:10.1017/S0020743801001040. S2CID 162019398.
Anderson (1964) Anderson, Olive (1964). "Great Britain and the beginnings of the Ottoman public debt, 1854–55". The Historical Journal. 7 (1): 47–63. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00025255. JSTOR 3020517. S2CID 162191534.
Clay (1994), pp. 589–596 Clay, Christopher (1994). "The origins of modern banking in the Levant: the branch network of the Imperial Ottoman Bank, 1890–1914". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (4): 589–614. doi:10.1017/S0020743800061122. S2CID 162130850.
Clay (1994), p. 589 Clay, Christopher (1994). "The origins of modern banking in the Levant: the branch network of the Imperial Ottoman Bank, 1890–1914". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (4): 589–614. doi:10.1017/S0020743800061122. S2CID 162130850.
Eldem (2005) Eldem, Edhem (2005). "Ottoman financial integration with Europe: foreign loans, the Ottoman Bank and the Ottoman public debt". European Review. 13 (3): 431–445. doi:10.1017/S1062798705000554. S2CID 58936200.
Clay (1994), pp. 589–590 Clay, Christopher (1994). "The origins of modern banking in the Levant: the branch network of the Imperial Ottoman Bank, 1890–1914". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (4): 589–614. doi:10.1017/S0020743800061122. S2CID 162130850.

jstor.org

Lane, Frederic C. (1968). "Pepper Prices Before Da Gama". The Journal of Economic History. 28 (4): 590–597. ISSN 0022-0507.
Quataert (1975), pp. 210–211 Quataert, Donald (1975). "Dilemma of development: the agricultural bank and agricultural reform in Ottoman Turkey, 1888–1908". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 6 (2): 210–227. doi:10.1017/S002074380002451X. JSTOR 162420. S2CID 163638216.
Critz, Olmstead & Rhode (1999) Critz, José Morilla; Olmstead, Alan L.; Rhode, Paul W. (1999). ""Horn of Plenty": The globalization of Mediterranean horticulture and the economic development of southern Europe, 1880–1930". Journal of Economic History. 59 (2): 316–352. doi:10.1017/S0022050700022853. JSTOR 2566554. PMID 21987866. S2CID 44972078.
Zachary Lockman (Fall 1980). "Notes on Egyptian Workers' History". International Labor and Working-Class History (18): 1–12. JSTOR 27671322.
Geyikdagi, V. Necla (2011). "The Economic Views of a Nineteenth Century Ottoman Intellectual: The Relationship between International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment". Middle Eastern Studies. 47 (3): 529–542. ISSN 0026-3206.
Wilson (2003), p. 384 Wilson, R. (2003). "Book review: A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire. By Şevket Pamuk. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2000. xxvi + 276 pp. Index, notes, bibliography, graphs, map, photographs. Cloth, $70.00". Business History Review. 77 (2): 384–386. doi:10.2307/30041180. ISBN 0-521-44197-8. JSTOR 30041180. S2CID 155963866.
Anderson (1964) Anderson, Olive (1964). "Great Britain and the beginnings of the Ottoman public debt, 1854–55". The Historical Journal. 7 (1): 47–63. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00025255. JSTOR 3020517. S2CID 162191534.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Critz, Olmstead & Rhode (1999) Critz, José Morilla; Olmstead, Alan L.; Rhode, Paul W. (1999). ""Horn of Plenty": The globalization of Mediterranean horticulture and the economic development of southern Europe, 1880–1930". Journal of Economic History. 59 (2): 316–352. doi:10.1017/S0022050700022853. JSTOR 2566554. PMID 21987866. S2CID 44972078.

scribd.com

Paul Bairoch (1995). Economics and World History: Myths and Paradoxes. University of Chicago Press. pp. 31–32. Archived from the original on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2017-08-16.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Quataert (1975), pp. 210–211 Quataert, Donald (1975). "Dilemma of development: the agricultural bank and agricultural reform in Ottoman Turkey, 1888–1908". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 6 (2): 210–227. doi:10.1017/S002074380002451X. JSTOR 162420. S2CID 163638216.
Critz, Olmstead & Rhode (1999) Critz, José Morilla; Olmstead, Alan L.; Rhode, Paul W. (1999). ""Horn of Plenty": The globalization of Mediterranean horticulture and the economic development of southern Europe, 1880–1930". Journal of Economic History. 59 (2): 316–352. doi:10.1017/S0022050700022853. JSTOR 2566554. PMID 21987866. S2CID 44972078.
Baer (1970) Baer, Gabriel (1970). "The administrative, economic and social functions of Turkish guilds". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 1 (1): 28–50. doi:10.1017/S0020743800023898. S2CID 162806163.
Frangakis-Syrett (1994), p. 115 Frangakis-Syrett, Elena (1994). "Book review: Donald Quataert, Manufacturing and Technology Transfer in the Ottoman Empire, 1800–1914, Études Turques-USHS no. 2 (Istanbul/Strasbourg: Isis Press and Université des Sciences Humaines de Strasbourg, 1992). Pp. 61". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (1): 114–116. doi:10.1017/S0020743800059869. S2CID 161875336.
Frangakis-Syrett (1994), p. 116 Frangakis-Syrett, Elena (1994). "Book review: Donald Quataert, Manufacturing and Technology Transfer in the Ottoman Empire, 1800–1914, Études Turques-USHS no. 2 (Istanbul/Strasbourg: Isis Press and Université des Sciences Humaines de Strasbourg, 1992). Pp. 61". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (1): 114–116. doi:10.1017/S0020743800059869. S2CID 161875336.
Pamuk (1984a), p. 109 Pamuk, Şevket (1984a). "The Ottoman Empire in the 'Great Depression' of 1873–1896". Journal of Economic History. 44: 107–118. doi:10.1017/S0022050700031399. S2CID 154752536.
Raccagni (1980), p. 342 Raccagni, Michelle (1980). "The French economic interests in the Ottoman Empire". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 11 (3): 339–376. doi:10.1017/S0020743800054672. S2CID 162224837.
Pamuk (1984a), pp. 109–111 Pamuk, Şevket (1984a). "The Ottoman Empire in the 'Great Depression' of 1873–1896". Journal of Economic History. 44: 107–118. doi:10.1017/S0022050700031399. S2CID 154752536.
Wilson (2003), p. 384 Wilson, R. (2003). "Book review: A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire. By Şevket Pamuk. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2000. xxvi + 276 pp. Index, notes, bibliography, graphs, map, photographs. Cloth, $70.00". Business History Review. 77 (2): 384–386. doi:10.2307/30041180. ISBN 0-521-44197-8. JSTOR 30041180. S2CID 155963866.
Pamuk (2001), pp. 73–85 Pamuk, Şevket (2001). "The price revolution in the Ottoman Empire reconsidered". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 33 (1): 69–89. doi:10.1017/S0020743801001040. S2CID 162019398.
Pamuk (1984a), p. 110 Pamuk, Şevket (1984a). "The Ottoman Empire in the 'Great Depression' of 1873–1896". Journal of Economic History. 44: 107–118. doi:10.1017/S0022050700031399. S2CID 154752536.
Pamuk (2001) Pamuk, Şevket (2001). "The price revolution in the Ottoman Empire reconsidered". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 33 (1): 69–89. doi:10.1017/S0020743801001040. S2CID 162019398.
Pamuk (2001), p. 71 Pamuk, Şevket (2001). "The price revolution in the Ottoman Empire reconsidered". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 33 (1): 69–89. doi:10.1017/S0020743801001040. S2CID 162019398.
Anderson (1964) Anderson, Olive (1964). "Great Britain and the beginnings of the Ottoman public debt, 1854–55". The Historical Journal. 7 (1): 47–63. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00025255. JSTOR 3020517. S2CID 162191534.
Clay (1994), pp. 589–596 Clay, Christopher (1994). "The origins of modern banking in the Levant: the branch network of the Imperial Ottoman Bank, 1890–1914". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (4): 589–614. doi:10.1017/S0020743800061122. S2CID 162130850.
Clay (1994), p. 589 Clay, Christopher (1994). "The origins of modern banking in the Levant: the branch network of the Imperial Ottoman Bank, 1890–1914". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (4): 589–614. doi:10.1017/S0020743800061122. S2CID 162130850.
Eldem (2005) Eldem, Edhem (2005). "Ottoman financial integration with Europe: foreign loans, the Ottoman Bank and the Ottoman public debt". European Review. 13 (3): 431–445. doi:10.1017/S1062798705000554. S2CID 58936200.
Clay (1994), pp. 589–590 Clay, Christopher (1994). "The origins of modern banking in the Levant: the branch network of the Imperial Ottoman Bank, 1890–1914". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 26 (4): 589–614. doi:10.1017/S0020743800061122. S2CID 162130850.

theguardian.com

Alberge, Dalya (2020-04-18). "Mediterranean shipwrecks reveal 'birth of globalisation' in trade". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved 2020-04-23.

thenational.ae

"Huge Ottoman shipwreck found after 70-year hunt". The National. 22 April 2020. Retrieved 2020-04-23.

web.archive.org

Paul Bairoch (1995). Economics and World History: Myths and Paradoxes. University of Chicago Press. pp. 31–32. Archived from the original on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2017-08-16.
1875–1914 Archived 2008-04-10 at the Wayback Machine, Bartleby Encyclopaedia of World History, 2001

wikipedia.org

fr.wikipedia.org

Jean Batou (1991). Between Development and Underdevelopment: The Precocious Attempts at Industrialization of the Periphery, 1800–1870. Librairie Droz. pp. 181–196. ISBN 9782600042932.
Jean Batou (1991). Between Development and Underdevelopment: The Precocious Attempts at Industrialization of the Periphery, 1800–1870. Librairie Droz. p. 189. ISBN 9782600042932.
Jean Batou (1991). Between Development and Underdevelopment: The Precocious Attempts at Industrialization of the Periphery, 1800–1870. Librairie Droz. p. 181. ISBN 9782600042932.
Jean Batou (1991). Between Development and Underdevelopment: The Precocious Attempts at Industrialization of the Periphery, 1800–1870. Librairie Droz. pp. 193–196. ISBN 9782600042932.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Turkey" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 443.

worldcat.org

Lane, Frederic C. (1968). "Pepper Prices Before Da Gama". The Journal of Economic History. 28 (4): 590–597. ISSN 0022-0507.
Alberge, Dalya (2020-04-18). "Mediterranean shipwrecks reveal 'birth of globalisation' in trade". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
Geyikdagi, V. Necla (2011). "The Economic Views of a Nineteenth Century Ottoman Intellectual: The Relationship between International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment". Middle Eastern Studies. 47 (3): 529–542. ISSN 0026-3206.