Economy of the European Union (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Economy of the European Union" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

61europa.eu

68^th place

117^th place

15eib.org

7,951^st place

4,722^nd place

14web.archive.org

1^st place

5imf.org

142^nd place

363^rd place

4cia.gov

89^th place

147^th place

3oecd.org

960^th place

854^th place

2doi.org

2^nd place

2worldcat.org

5^th place

2forbes.com

54^th place

48^th place

2wto.org

3,346^th place

3,227^th place

2worldbank.org

231^st place

332^nd place

1psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

1books.google.com

3^rd place

1undp.org

369^th place

616^th place

1scoperatings.com

low place

1bis.org

4,514^th place

3,901^st place

1uni-muenchen.de

3,337^th place

3,444^th place

1businessinsider.com

140^th place

115^th place

1nobelprize.org

301^st place

478^th place

1world-exchanges.org

low place

1theguardian.com

12^th place

11^th place

1statista.com

776^th place

844^th place

1mtak.hu

low place

9,835^th place

1politico.eu

1,347^th place

909^th place

1ft.com

210^th place

157^th place

1cityam.com

5,872^nd place

3,264^th place

1longfinance.net

9,717^th place

7,290^th place

1oecd-ilibrary.org

6,201^st place

5,692^nd place

1sciencebusiness.net

low place

1hbr.org

2,754^th place

1,686^th place

1ilo.org

1,962^nd place

2,558^th place

1trinomics.eu

low place

1irena.org

low place

9,948^th place

1cascade.app

low place

1snapapp.com

low place

1mckinsey.com

6,781^st place

4,660^th place

1rsaeurope.org

low place

1taylorwessing.com

low place

1eumonitor.eu

low place

1fortune.com

433^rd place

284^th place

1semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

1dialogcampus.hu

low place

1fas.org

505^th place

410^th place

1koreatimes.co.kr

536^th place

386^th place

1cbs.nl

747^th place

1,404^th place

bis.org

"Triennial Central Bank Survey 2007" (PDF). BIS. 19 December 2007. Retrieved 25 July 2009.

books.google.com

Pestieau, P. and Lefebvre, M. (2018). The Welfare State in Europe: Economic and Social Perspectives. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0192-5490-51.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

businessinsider.com

Boesler, Matthew (11 November 2013). "There Are Only Two Real Threats to the US Dollar's Status As The International Reserve Currency". Business Insider. Retrieved 8 December 2013.

cascade.app

"Strategy Study: The Danone Growth Study". www.cascade.app. Retrieved 23 May 2024.

cbs.nl

Netherlands, Statistics (9 September 2022). "4. Exports of services to a new EU country: opportunities and barriers". Statistics Netherlands. Retrieved 24 October 2023.

cia.gov

"European Union - The World Factbook". cia.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. 6 November 2024. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
"Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2011.

cityam.com

White, Lucy (24 April 2018). "EU's Dombrovskis ignites fresh row over City's market access post-Brexit". Archived from the original on 26 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018. Regarding Capital Markets Union, the European Commission's plan to improve access to non-bank financing across the EU, he said the "departure of the UK makes this project even more important and even more urgent. It will have to compensate for the EU's largest financial centre not being in the EU and not being in the single market any more"

dialogcampus.hu

Vértesy, László (2018). "Macroeconomic Legal Trends in the EU11 Countries" (PDF). Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review. 3 (1): 94–108. doi:10.53116/pgaflr.2018.1.9. S2CID 219380180. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2019.

doi.org

Hussain, M. A., Kangas, O., & Kvist, J. (2011). "Six: Welfare state institutions, unemployment and poverty: comparative analysis of unemployment benefits and labour market participation in 15 European Union countries". In Changing social equality. Bristol, UK: Policy Press. Retrieved May 29, 2024, doi:10.51952/9781847426611.ch006
Vértesy, László (2018). "Macroeconomic Legal Trends in the EU11 Countries" (PDF). Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review. 3 (1): 94–108. doi:10.53116/pgaflr.2018.1.9. S2CID 219380180. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2019.

eib.org

Bank, European Investment (15 July 2024). EIB Group activities in EU cohesion regions 2023. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5761-5.
Bank, European Investment (15 July 2024). EIB Group activities in EU cohesion regions 2023. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5761-5.
Bank, European Investment (12 January 2022). EIB Investment Report 2021/2022: Recovery as a springboard for change. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5155-2.
Bank, European Investment (12 January 2022). EIB Investment Report 2021/2022: Recovery as a springboard for change. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5155-2.
Bank, European Investment (12 October 2023). EIB Investment Survey 2023 - European Union overview. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5609-0.
Bank, European Investment (12 October 2023). EIB Investment Survey 2023 - European Union overview. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5609-0.
Bank, European Investment (23 October 2024). EIB Investment Survey 2024 - European Union overview. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5793-6.
Bank, European Investment (23 October 2024). EIB Investment Survey 2024 - European Union overview. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5793-6.
"The scale-up gap: Financial market constraints holding back innovative firms in the European Union". European Investment Bank. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
"The scale-up gap: Financial market constraints holding back innovative firms in the European Union". European Investment Bank. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
"The scale-up gap: Financial market constraints holding back innovative firms in the European Union". European Investment Bank. Retrieved 30 July 2024.^{[dead link‍]}
Bank, European Investment (12 October 2023). EIB Investment Survey 2023 - European Union overview. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5609-0.
Bank, European Investment (12 October 2023). EIB Investment Survey 2023 - European Union overview. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5609-0.
Bank, European Investment (3 October 2024). Navigating supply chain disruptions: New insights into the resilience and transformation of EU firms. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5807-0.
Bank, European Investment (3 October 2024). Navigating supply chain disruptions: New insights into the resilience and transformation of EU firms. European Investment Bank. ISBN 978-92-861-5807-0.

eumonitor.eu

"Digital transformation: importance, benefits and EU policy - EU monitor". www.eumonitor.eu. Retrieved 16 August 2022.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

"Population on 1 January". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. 9 January 2025. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
"People at risk of poverty or social exclusion". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat.
"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
"Employment and activity by sex and age - annual data". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
"Employment and activity by sex and age - annual data". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
"Unemployment by sex and age – monthly data". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
"New indicator on annual average salaries in the EU - Products Eurostat News - Eurostat". ec.europa.eu. 19 December 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
"Wages and labour costs". ec.europa.eu.
"EU direct investment positions, flows and income, by countries (BPM6)". Eurostat. 13 February 2025. Retrieved 18 February 2025.
"Balance of payment statistics – Statistics Explained". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
"International investment position statistics – Statistics Explained". ec.europa.eu.
"Euro area government deficit at 5.1% and EU at 4.7% of GDP" (PDF). ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
"The EU as a borrower – European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
"Gross domestic product (GDP) and main components (output, expenditure and income)". Eurostat. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
"EU social benefits expenditure up 6% in 2023". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. 25 November 2024. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
"Social protection statistics - overview".
"Government expenditure on social protection".
"Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
"Regional Trends for Growth and Convergence in the European Union" (PDF).
European Commission, Overview of the Capital Markets Union, accessed 9 May 2018
European Commission, Capital markets union action plan, accessed 9 May 2018
Conference Report: European Financial Market Integration, 6 June 2016, accessed 20 September 2018
"What is the capital markets union?". European Commission. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
"Jobs and economy during the coronavirus pandemic". European Commission.
"Impact of Covid-19 crisis on services". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
"Press corner". European Commission. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
"EU expenditure and revenue". Financial Programming and Budget. European Commission. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
"EU budget myths". EC Europa. European Commission. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
"Oil and petroleum products - a statistical overview". ec.europa.eu.
"Press corner". European Commission - European Commission. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
"Press corner". European Commission - European Commission. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
"Press corner". European Commission - European Commission. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
"Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table". Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
"Gross domestic product at market prices (Current prices and per capita)". Eurostat.
"Unemployment by sex and age – annual data". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. 12 November 2024. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
"General government deficit (-) and surplus (+) - annual data". Eurostat. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
"General government gross debt – annual data". Eurostat. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
"HICP - inflation rate". Eurostat. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
"EMU convergence criterion series - annual data". Eurostat. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
"EU position in world trade". European Commission. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
"USA-EU - international trade in goods statistics". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
"Data services - Eurostat". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
Eurostat (20 February 2023). "Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 2 regions". Europa web portal. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
Eurostat (22 February 2022). "Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 2 regions". Europa web portal. Retrieved 22 February 2022.

europarl.europa.eu

"Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on EU industries" (PDF).
"Cultural and creative sectors in post-COVID-19 Europe" (PDF).
"Covid-19: how the EU can help small businesses". europarl.europa.eu. 14 January 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
"Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on EU industries" (PDF).

ecb.europa.eu

"Foreign reserves and own funds". European Central Bank. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
"European Central Bank – Financial Stability Review, November 2021". Financial Stability Review. 17 November 2021. ISSN 1830-2025. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023.
"Convergence Report 2024". European Central Bank (2024). June 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2025.

trade.ec.europa.eu

Top Trading Partners Archived 17 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine Client and Supplier Countries of the EU28 in Merchandise Trade (value %) (2015, excluding intra-EU trade). Accessed 29 October 2018
"Top Trading Partners 2021 – Trade Statistics" (PDF). trade.ec.europa.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2022.

consilium.europa.eu

Special European Council, 17-21 July 2020 Retrieved 15 November 2020.
"5 facts about the EU's goal of climate neutrality". www.consilium.europa.eu. Retrieved 16 August 2022.

epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu

"Extra-EU27 trade, by main partners, total product". Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 17 October 2013. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 December 2008. Retrieved 10 July 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

europa.eu

commission.europa.eu

"Long-term competitiveness of the EU: looking beyond 2030" (PDF).

esm.europa.eu

"From savings to spending: Fast track to recovery". European Stability Mechanism. 29 July 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2022.

economy-finance.ec.europa.eu

"European Economic forecast summer 2023" (PDF).

fas.org

sgp.fas.org

"Global Economic Effects of COVID-19" (PDF). Congressional Research Service.

forbes.com

Johnson, Eric. "Council Post: Three Industries That Are In Dire Need Of Digitization". Forbes. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
"The World's Largest Apparel Companies 2018: Christian Dior, Inditex And Nike Continue To Dominate". Forbes. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

fortune.com

"Fortune 500 Europe - The largest companies in Europe by revenue". Fortune.

ft.com

"EU Capital Markets Union". Financial Times. Retrieved 7 March 2018.

hbr.org

Gandhi, Prashant; Khanna, Somesh; Ramaswamy, Sree (1 April 2016). "Which Industries Are the Most Digital (and Why)?". Harvard Business Review. ISSN 0017-8012. Retrieved 16 August 2022.

ilo.org

"The employment impact of climate change adaptation" (PDF).

imf.org

"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2022". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 20 April 2022.
"World Economic Outlook database: October 2024". imf.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
"World Economic Outlook database: October 2024". imf.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
"World Economic Outlook database: October 2024". imf.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
"World Economic Outlook database, October 2024". imf.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 February 2025.

irena.org

"World Energy Transitions Outlook 2023". www.irena.org. Retrieved 30 October 2024.

koreatimes.co.kr

Se-jeong, Kim (19 July 2009). "EU-Korea FTA Will Be a Long Process: Greek Ambassador". The Korea Times. Retrieved 15 August 2009.

longfinance.net

"The Global Financial Centres Index 22" (PDF). Long Finance. September 2017.

mckinsey.com

"The recovery will be digital" (PDF). McKinsey. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 June 2023.

mtak.hu

real.mtak.hu

Vértesy, László (2019). "The legal and regulatory aspects of the free movement of capital - towards the Capital Markets Union". Journal of Legal Theory HU (4): 110–128.

nobelprize.org

"All Laureates in Economics". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2020.

oecd-ilibrary.org

"Home". oecd-ilibrary.org. Retrieved 23 March 2022.

oecd.org

Source: OECD: Financing for sustainable development; Table 1, page 6. Quote, page 3: "In 2015, total net ODA from the 28 EU member states was USD 74 billion, representing 0.47% of their GNI. Net disbursements by EU Institutions were USD 13.8 billion, a slight fall of 0.5% in real terms compared to 2014."
"Coronavirus (COVID-19): SME policy responses". OECD. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
"The territorial impact of COVID-19: Managing the crisis and recovery across levels of government". OECD. Retrieved 23 March 2022.

politico.eu

"EU's capital markets union 2.0, explained". POLITICO. 8 June 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2018.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Esping-Andersen, Gosta. "A Welfare State for the 21st Century". CiteSeer^X. Retrieved 29 May 2024.

rsaeurope.org

"Green, Digital, Inclusive and Fair: How can Cohesion Policy Rise to the New Territorial Challenges?". RSA Europe. Retrieved 16 August 2022.

sciencebusiness.net

"New EIB study: How do EU and US firms perceive and invest in climate change?". sciencebusiness.net. Retrieved 9 February 2022.

scoperatings.com

"Scope affirms the European Union's and Euratom's AAA rating with Stable Outlook". Scope Ratings. Retrieved 22 September 2023.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Vértesy, László (2018). "Macroeconomic Legal Trends in the EU11 Countries" (PDF). Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review. 3 (1): 94–108. doi:10.53116/pgaflr.2018.1.9. S2CID 219380180. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2019.

snapapp.com

go.snapapp.com

"The world's 100 largest banks, 2021". S&P Global Market Intelligence. Archived from the original on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2022.

statista.com

de.statista.com

"Europäische Union: Anteile der Wirtschaftssektoren am Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) von 2004 bis 2014". statista.de (in German). World Bank. Retrieved 22 March 2016.

taylorwessing.com

"Digital platform economy - European Commission proposes new measures in the fight against false self-employment". www.taylorwessing.com. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.

theguardian.com

"Romania becomes third eastern European EU country to be bailed out". The Guardian. 25 March 2009.

trinomics.eu

"Assessing the Implications of Climate Change Adaptation on Employment in the EU" (PDF).

undp.org

hdr.undp.org

"Inequalities in Human Development in the 21st Century" (PDF). UNDP. Retrieved 15 July 2020.

uni-muenchen.de

mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de

Aristovnik, Aleksander; Čeč, Tanja (30 March 2010). "Compositional Analysis of Foreign Currency Reserves in the 1999–2007 Period. The Euro vs. The Dollar As Leading Reserve Currency" (PDF). Munich Personal RePEc Archive, Paper No. 14350. Retrieved 27 December 2010.

web.archive.org

"EU Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners". The Observatory of Economic Complexity. Archived from the original on 29 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"All Laureates in Economics". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2020.
"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
Top Trading Partners Archived 17 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine Client and Supplier Countries of the EU28 in Merchandise Trade (value %) (2015, excluding intra-EU trade). Accessed 29 October 2018
White, Lucy (24 April 2018). "EU's Dombrovskis ignites fresh row over City's market access post-Brexit". Archived from the original on 26 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018. Regarding Capital Markets Union, the European Commission's plan to improve access to non-bank financing across the EU, he said the "departure of the UK makes this project even more important and even more urgent. It will have to compensate for the EU's largest financial centre not being in the EU and not being in the single market any more"
"The world's 100 largest banks, 2021". S&P Global Market Intelligence. Archived from the original on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
"The recovery will be digital" (PDF). McKinsey. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 June 2023.
Vértesy, László (2018). "Macroeconomic Legal Trends in the EU11 Countries" (PDF). Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review. 3 (1): 94–108. doi:10.53116/pgaflr.2018.1.9. S2CID 219380180. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2019.
"European Central Bank – Financial Stability Review, November 2021". Financial Stability Review. 17 November 2021. ISSN 1830-2025. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023.
"Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2011.
"Top Trading Partners 2021 – Trade Statistics" (PDF). trade.ec.europa.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2022.
"Extra-EU27 trade, by main partners, total product". Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 17 October 2013. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 December 2008. Retrieved 10 July 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

world-exchanges.org

"Monthly Reports". www.world-exchanges.org. Retrieved 12 October 2016.

worldbank.org

datahelpdesk.worldbank.org

"World Bank Country and Lending Groups". datahelpdesk.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 29 September 2019.

data.worldbank.org

"GINI index (World Bank estimate) | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 14 October 2016.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Gandhi, Prashant; Khanna, Somesh; Ramaswamy, Sree (1 April 2016). "Which Industries Are the Most Digital (and Why)?". Harvard Business Review. ISSN 0017-8012. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
"European Central Bank – Financial Stability Review, November 2021". Financial Stability Review. 17 November 2021. ISSN 1830-2025. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023.

wto.org

"World trade report 2009" (PDF). WTO information website.
"World Trade Statistical Review 2023" (PDF).