From 1951 at least to the mid-1960s, he was generally "Emsh" or "Ed Emsh" for pulp magazine covers and Ed Emshwiller for book covers. He used those names routinely for interior illustrations only after a couple years when he was more often "Willer" or "Ed Emsler" or "Ed Alexander". Evidently he debuted in May 1951 as Willer for the serial novel Mars Child (Outpost Mars) and Emsh for two other stories in the same issue.[2][1] For June and July (when the novel concluded) he did the covers as Emsh and Willer respectively. He was Willer as illustrator of the novel; Emsh and Ed Alexander for two other July stories.[2][1]
