Effects of nuclear explosions (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Effects of nuclear explosions" in English language version.

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16web.archive.org

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aip.org

pubs.aip.org

Wiescher, Michael; Langanke, Karlheinz (2024-03-01). "Manhattan Project astrophysics" (PDF). Physics Today. 77 (3). AIP Publishing: 34–41. doi:10.1063/pt.jksg.hage. ISSN 0031-9228. Retrieved 2025-01-16.

archive.org

AFSWP (30 March 2018). "Military Effects Studies on Operation CASTLE". Retrieved 30 March 2018 – via Internet Archive.

army.mil

wsmr.army.mil

Robert Hermes and William Strickfaden, 2005, New Theory on the Formation of Trinitite, Nuclear Weapons Journal http://www.wsmr.army.mil/pao/TrinitySite/NewTrinititeTheory.htm Archived 26 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine

arxiv.org

Kosyakov, Boris (2023-05-16). "A farewell to particles". arXiv:2305.09692 [physics.pop-ph].

atomicarchive.com

"Nuclear Radiation Protection Guide Civil Defense". www.atomicarchive.com. Retrieved 2022-04-10.
"The Mach Stem – Effects of Nuclear Weapons". www.atomicarchive.com. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Movies/machstem.shtml video of the Mach 'Y' stem, it is not a phenomenon unique to nuclear explosions, conventional explosions also produce it.
"Testimony of Akiko Takakura - The Voice of Hibakusha - The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Historical Documents - atomicarchive.com". www.atomicarchive.com. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

berkeley.edu

seismo.berkeley.edu

"Nuke 2". Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 22 March 2006.

books.google.com

city.hiroshima.jp

pcf.city.hiroshima.jp

"Damage by the Heat Rays/Shadow Imprinted on an Electric Pole". www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp. Archived from the original on 12 September 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"What I Want to Say Now". www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"Damage by the Heat Rays". Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. n.d. Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2024.

doi.org

Glasstone, Samuel; Dolan, Philip J., eds. (1977). The Effects of Nuclear Weapons. U.S. Department of Defense. doi:10.2172/6852629. ISBN 978-0-318-20369-0. OSTI 6852629.^{[page needed]}
Oughterson, A. W.; LeRoy, G. V.; Liebow, A. A.; Hammond, E. C.; Barnett, H. L.; Rosenbaum, J. D.; Schneider, B. A. (19 April 1951). "Medical Effects Of Atomic Bombs The Report Of The Joint Commission For The Investigation Of The Effects Of The Atomic Bomb In Japan Volume 1". osti.gov. doi:10.2172/4421057. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
Christie, J.D. (20 May 1976). "Atmospheric ozone depletion by nuclear weapons testing". Journal of Geophysical Research. 81 (15): 2583–2594. Bibcode:1976JGR....81.2583C. doi:10.1029/JC081i015p02583. This link is to the abstract; the whole paper is behind a paywall.
Garwin, Richard L.; Bethe, Hans A. (1968). "Anti-Ballistic-Missile Systems". Scientific American. 218 (3): 21–31. Bibcode:1968SciAm.218c..21G. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0368-21. JSTOR 24925996.
Pattison, J.E.; Hugtenburg, R.P.; Charles, M.W.; Beddoe, A.H. (2 May 2001). "Experimental Simulation of A-Bomb Gamma Ray Spectra for Radiobiology Studies". Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 95 (2): 125–135. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006532. PMID 11572640.
Voytan, Dimitri P.; Lay, Thorne; Chaves, Esteban J.; Ohman, John T. (May 2019). "Yield Estimates for the Six North Korean Nuclear Tests from Teleseismic P Wave Modeling and Intercorrelation of P and Pn Recordings". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 124 (5): 4916–4939. Bibcode:2019JGRB..124.4916V. doi:10.1029/2019JB017418. S2CID 150176436.
Colvin, J. D.; Mitchell, C. K.; Greig, J. R.; Murphy, D. P.; Pechacek, R. E.; Raleigh, M. (1987). "An empirical study of the nuclear explosion-induced lightning seen on IVY-MIKE". Journal of Geophysical Research. 92 (D5): 5696. Bibcode:1987JGR....92.5696C. doi:10.1029/JD092iD05p05696.
Wiescher, Michael; Langanke, Karlheinz (2024-03-01). "Manhattan Project astrophysics" (PDF). Physics Today. 77 (3). AIP Publishing: 34–41. doi:10.1063/pt.jksg.hage. ISSN 0031-9228. Retrieved 2025-01-16.
Hamming, Richard (1998). "Mathematics on a Distant Planet". The American Mathematical Monthly. 105 (7): 640–650. doi:10.1080/00029890.1998.12004938. JSTOR 2589247.
Rabinowitz, M.; Kim, Y. E.; Rice, R. A.; Chulick, G. S. (1991). "Cluster-impact fusion: Bridge between hot and cold fusion?". AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 228. AIP. pp. 846–866. doi:10.1063/1.40722.
Wiescher, Michael; Langanke, Karlheinz (2024). "Nuclear astrophysicists at war". Natural Sciences. 4 (1): 13. doi:10.1002/ntls.20230023. ISSN 2698-6248.
Kokkinakis, Ioannis W.; Drikakis, Dimitris (January 2023). "Nuclear explosion impact on humans indoors". Physics of Fluids. 35 (1): 016114. Bibcode:2023PhFl...35a6114K. doi:10.1063/5.0132565. eISSN 1089-7666. ISSN 1070-6631. S2CID 256124805.

dtic.mil

apps.dtic.mil

Strom, P O; Miller, C F (1969). Interaction of Fallout with Fires. OSTI 4078266. DTIC AD0708558.^{[page needed]}

fas.org

"Striving for a Safer World Since 1945".
Konopinski, E. J; Marvin, C.; Teller, Edward (1946). Ignition of the Atmosphere with Nuclear Bombs (PDF) (Report). Vol. LA–602. Los Alamos National Laboratory. Retrieved 6 December 2013. The date of the article is 1946; it may have been written to demonstrate due diligence on the problem. It was declassified in 1970.

ota.fas.org

"The Effects of Nuclear War" Office of Technology Assessment, May 1979. pp. 42 and 44. Compare the destruction from a single 1 megaton weapon detonation on Leningrad on page 42 to that of 10 clustered 40 kiloton weapon detonations in a 'cookie-cutter' configuration on page 44; the level of total destruction is similar in both cases despite the total yield in the second attack scenario being less than half of that delivered in the 1 megaton case

fema.gov

Planning Guidance for a Response to a Nuclear Detonation (PDF), Federal Emergency Management Agency, June 2010, Wikidata Q63152882, p. 24. Note: No citation is provided to support the claim that "a firestorm in modern times is unlikely".

fourmilab.ch

Glasstone & Dolan (1977) Thermal effects Chapter p. 26
Glasstone & Dolan (1977) Thermal effects Chapter p. 304
"Glasstone & Dolan 1977 Thermal effects Chapter" (PDF). fourmilab.ch. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

glasstone.blogspot.com

"Credible effects of nuclear weapons for real-world peace: peace through tested, proved and practical declassified deterrence and countermeasures against collateral damage. Credible deterrence through simple, effective protection against concentrated and dispersed invasions and aerial attacks. Discussions of the facts as opposed to inaccurate, misleading lies of the "disarm or be annihilated" political dogma variety. Hiroshima and Nagasaki anti-nuclear propaganda debunked by the hard facts. Walls, not wars. Walls bring people together by stopping divisive terrorists". glasstone.blogspot.com. Retrieved 30 March 2018.^{[self-published source?]}

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Christie, J.D. (20 May 1976). "Atmospheric ozone depletion by nuclear weapons testing". Journal of Geophysical Research. 81 (15): 2583–2594. Bibcode:1976JGR....81.2583C. doi:10.1029/JC081i015p02583. This link is to the abstract; the whole paper is behind a paywall.
Garwin, Richard L.; Bethe, Hans A. (1968). "Anti-Ballistic-Missile Systems". Scientific American. 218 (3): 21–31. Bibcode:1968SciAm.218c..21G. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0368-21. JSTOR 24925996.
Voytan, Dimitri P.; Lay, Thorne; Chaves, Esteban J.; Ohman, John T. (May 2019). "Yield Estimates for the Six North Korean Nuclear Tests from Teleseismic P Wave Modeling and Intercorrelation of P and Pn Recordings". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 124 (5): 4916–4939. Bibcode:2019JGRB..124.4916V. doi:10.1029/2019JB017418. S2CID 150176436.
Colvin, J. D.; Mitchell, C. K.; Greig, J. R.; Murphy, D. P.; Pechacek, R. E.; Raleigh, M. (1987). "An empirical study of the nuclear explosion-induced lightning seen on IVY-MIKE". Journal of Geophysical Research. 92 (D5): 5696. Bibcode:1987JGR....92.5696C. doi:10.1029/JD092iD05p05696.
Kokkinakis, Ioannis W.; Drikakis, Dimitris (January 2023). "Nuclear explosion impact on humans indoors". Physics of Fluids. 35 (1): 016114. Bibcode:2023PhFl...35a6114K. doi:10.1063/5.0132565. eISSN 1089-7666. ISSN 1070-6631. S2CID 256124805.

hiroshima-spirit.jp

"Damage of Radiation". hiroshima-spirit.jp. 4 January 2025.

johnstonsarchive.net

Johnston, Wm. Robert (n.d.). "Range of weapons effects". Johnston's Archive. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023.
Johnston, Wm. Robert (n.d.). "Range of weapons effects". Johnston's Archive. Archived from the original on 10 October 2023.

jstor.org

Garwin, Richard L.; Bethe, Hans A. (1968). "Anti-Ballistic-Missile Systems". Scientific American. 218 (3): 21–31. Bibcode:1968SciAm.218c..21G. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0368-21. JSTOR 24925996.
Hamming, Richard (1998). "Mathematics on a Distant Planet". The American Mathematical Monthly. 105 (7): 640–650. doi:10.1080/00029890.1998.12004938. JSTOR 2589247.

le.ac.uk

journals.le.ac.uk

Fotedar, Ayush; Boamah, Jeremy Owusu; McCrea, Alec (2024-11-08). "P4 2 Atmospheric Ignition". Physics Special Topics. 23 (1). Retrieved 2025-01-16.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

McCarthy, Walton (2013). Principles of Protection: U. S. Handbook of NBC Weapon Fundamentals and Shelter Engineering Design Standards (6th ed.). Dallas, TX: Brown Books Publishing Group. p. 420. ISBN 978-1612541143. LCCN 2013946141. OCLC 862209369. OL 27480913M.

newyorker.com

Hersey, John (23 August 1946). "Hiroshima". The New Yorker.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pattison, J.E.; Hugtenburg, R.P.; Charles, M.W.; Beddoe, A.H. (2 May 2001). "Experimental Simulation of A-Bomb Gamma Ray Spectra for Radiobiology Studies". Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 95 (2): 125–135. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006532. PMID 11572640.

nlm.gov

remm.nlm.gov

"Nuclear Explosions: Weapons, Improvised Nuclear Devices". U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 16 February 2008. Retrieved 3 July 2008.
"Yield (kilotons)". Archived from the original on 2013-06-07. Retrieved 2012-04-27.

nuclearweaponarchive.org

"The Soviet Weapons Program – The Tsar Bomba". www.nuclearweaponarchive.org. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"Effects of Nuclear Explosions". nuclearweaponarchive.org. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"Photo". nuclearweaponarchive.org. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"What are Those Smoke Trails Doing in That Test Picture?". nuclearweaponarchive.org. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"Operation Greenhouse". The Nuclear Weapon Archive. 2003-08-02. Retrieved 2025-01-16.

openlibrary.org

McCarthy, Walton (2013). Principles of Protection: U. S. Handbook of NBC Weapon Fundamentals and Shelter Engineering Design Standards (6th ed.). Dallas, TX: Brown Books Publishing Group. p. 420. ISBN 978-1612541143. LCCN 2013946141. OCLC 862209369. OL 27480913M.

osd.mil

acq.osd.mil

"The Nuclear Matters Handbook". Archived from the original on 2 March 2013.

osti.gov

Glasstone, Samuel; Dolan, Philip J., eds. (1977). The Effects of Nuclear Weapons. U.S. Department of Defense. doi:10.2172/6852629. ISBN 978-0-318-20369-0. OSTI 6852629.^{[page needed]}
Oughterson, A. W.; LeRoy, G. V.; Liebow, A. A.; Hammond, E. C.; Barnett, H. L.; Rosenbaum, J. D.; Schneider, B. A. (19 April 1951). "Medical Effects Of Atomic Bombs The Report Of The Joint Commission For The Investigation Of The Effects Of The Atomic Bomb In Japan Volume 1". osti.gov. doi:10.2172/4421057. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
Strom, P O; Miller, C F (1969). Interaction of Fallout with Fires. OSTI 4078266. DTIC AD0708558.^{[page needed]}

rian.ru

en15.rian.ru

The modern Russian Bulava SLBM is armed with warheads of 100–150 kilotons in yield. Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine

scientificamerican.com

"How Security Experts Track North Korea's Nuclear Activity". Scientific American.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Voytan, Dimitri P.; Lay, Thorne; Chaves, Esteban J.; Ohman, John T. (May 2019). "Yield Estimates for the Six North Korean Nuclear Tests from Teleseismic P Wave Modeling and Intercorrelation of P and Pn Recordings". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 124 (5): 4916–4939. Bibcode:2019JGRB..124.4916V. doi:10.1029/2019JB017418. S2CID 150176436.
Kokkinakis, Ioannis W.; Drikakis, Dimitris (January 2023). "Nuclear explosion impact on humans indoors". Physics of Fluids. 35 (1): 016114. Bibcode:2023PhFl...35a6114K. doi:10.1063/5.0132565. eISSN 1089-7666. ISSN 1070-6631. S2CID 256124805.

solcomhouse.com

"Nuclear Bomb Effects". The Atomic Archive. solcomhouse.com. Archived from the original on 27 August 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2011.

unt.edu

digital.library.unt.edu

Glasstone, Samuel; Dolan, Philip J., eds. (1977). The Effects of Nuclear Weapons. U.S. Department of Defense. doi:10.2172/6852629. ISBN 978-0-318-20369-0. OSTI 6852629.^{[page needed]}

usuhs.mil

"Modeling the Effects of Nuclear Weapons in an Urban Setting" (PDF). 6 July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011.
"Modeling the Effects of Nuclear Weapons in an Urban Setting" (PDF). 6 July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

vt.edu

cddc.vt.edu

"Various other effects of the radiated heat were noted, including the lightening of asphalt road surfaces in spots that had not been protected from the radiated heat by any object such as that of a person walking along the road. Various other surfaces were discolored in different ways by the radiated heat." From the Flash Burn Archived 24 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine section of "The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" Archived 2014-02-24 at the Wayback Machine, a report by the Manhattan Engineering District, 29 June 1946,
"The Effects of Nuclear Weapons (1977) Chapter II: 'Descriptions of Nuclear Explosions, Scientific Aspects of Nuclear Explosion Phenomena'". vt.edu. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

web.archive.org

"Yield (kilotons)". Archived from the original on 2013-06-07. Retrieved 2012-04-27.
"Nuclear Bomb Effects". The Atomic Archive. solcomhouse.com. Archived from the original on 27 August 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2011.
"Modeling the Effects of Nuclear Weapons in an Urban Setting" (PDF). 6 July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011.
"Damage by the Heat Rays/Shadow Imprinted on an Electric Pole". www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp. Archived from the original on 12 September 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"Various other effects of the radiated heat were noted, including the lightening of asphalt road surfaces in spots that had not been protected from the radiated heat by any object such as that of a person walking along the road. Various other surfaces were discolored in different ways by the radiated heat." From the Flash Burn Archived 24 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine section of "The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" Archived 2014-02-24 at the Wayback Machine, a report by the Manhattan Engineering District, 29 June 1946,
"Alsos: Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes: The Parted Veil". alsos.wlu.edu. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"Nuke 2". Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 22 March 2006.
"Modeling the Effects of Nuclear Weapons in an Urban Setting" (PDF). 6 July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
The modern Russian Bulava SLBM is armed with warheads of 100–150 kilotons in yield. Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine
"The Nuclear Matters Handbook". Archived from the original on 2 March 2013.
"The Effects of Nuclear Weapons (1977) Chapter II: 'Descriptions of Nuclear Explosions, Scientific Aspects of Nuclear Explosion Phenomena'". vt.edu. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
Robert Hermes and William Strickfaden, 2005, New Theory on the Formation of Trinitite, Nuclear Weapons Journal http://www.wsmr.army.mil/pao/TrinitySite/NewTrinititeTheory.htm Archived 26 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine
Johnston, Wm. Robert (n.d.). "Range of weapons effects". Johnston's Archive. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023.
Johnston, Wm. Robert (n.d.). "Range of weapons effects". Johnston's Archive. Archived from the original on 10 October 2023.
"What I Want to Say Now". www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
"Damage by the Heat Rays". Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. n.d. Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2024.

wikidata.org

Planning Guidance for a Response to a Nuclear Detonation (PDF), Federal Emergency Management Agency, June 2010, Wikidata Q63152882, p. 24. Note: No citation is provided to support the claim that "a firestorm in modern times is unlikely".

wlu.edu

alsos.wlu.edu

"Alsos: Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes: The Parted Veil". alsos.wlu.edu. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Wiescher, Michael; Langanke, Karlheinz (2024-03-01). "Manhattan Project astrophysics" (PDF). Physics Today. 77 (3). AIP Publishing: 34–41. doi:10.1063/pt.jksg.hage. ISSN 0031-9228. Retrieved 2025-01-16.
Wiescher, Michael; Langanke, Karlheinz (2024). "Nuclear astrophysicists at war". Natural Sciences. 4 (1): 13. doi:10.1002/ntls.20230023. ISSN 2698-6248.
McCarthy, Walton (2013). Principles of Protection: U. S. Handbook of NBC Weapon Fundamentals and Shelter Engineering Design Standards (6th ed.). Dallas, TX: Brown Books Publishing Group. p. 420. ISBN 978-1612541143. LCCN 2013946141. OCLC 862209369. OL 27480913M.
Kokkinakis, Ioannis W.; Drikakis, Dimitris (January 2023). "Nuclear explosion impact on humans indoors". Physics of Fluids. 35 (1): 016114. Bibcode:2023PhFl...35a6114K. doi:10.1063/5.0132565. eISSN 1089-7666. ISSN 1070-6631. S2CID 256124805.