Emma Smith (English Wikipedia)

Park (2020, p. 152) summarizes, "Emma's support proved tenuous". The four women were Emily Partridge, Eliza Partridge, Sarah Lawrence, and Maria Lawrence; Emma Smith was not aware that Joseph Smith had already previously courted and married the Partridges, and they did not disclose this to Emma. See Davenport (2022, p. 138); Bushman (2005, p. 494); Remini (2002, pp. 152–153); and Brodie (1971, p. 339). Park, Benjamin E. (2020). Kingdom of Nauvoo: The Rise and Fall of a Religious Empire on the American Frontier. New York: Liveright. ISBN 978-1-324-09110-3. Davenport, Stewart (2022). Sex and Sects: The Story of Mormon Polygamy, Shaker Celibacy, and Oneida Complex Marriage. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. ISBN 978-0-8139-4705-1. Bushman, Richard Lyman (2005). Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 1-4000-4270-4. Remini, Robert V. (2002). Joseph Smith. Penguin Lives. New York: Penguin Group. ISBN 0-670-03083-X. Brodie, Fawn M. (1971). No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith (2nd ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-394-46967-4.
Historians have proposed several possible motivations for Emma Smith's continued denials of Joseph's polygamy. Brodie (1971, p. 399) speculates that the denial was a form of revenge and animosity against his plural wives; Van Wagoner (1992, pp. 113–114) posits that the subject of polygamy "evoked painful memories for Emma" and she "refused to give tongue to memory simply because she could not face the shadows of the past"; Newell & Avery (1994, p. 292) note that Emma received covenants associated with the temple and celestial marriage which involved strict promises to maintain secrecy; they argue Emma may have extended that secrecy to plural marriage itself which she never directly repudiated. Newell and Avery also aver that "when Emma decided not to tell her children about plural marriage, it was an attempt to remove problems from their lives."; Quinn (1994, p. 237) points out that Emma "opposed polygamy during most of the time her husband practiced it" and proposes that she did not teach her children about plural marriage because she "regarded it as the cause of his death"; Park (2020, p. 277) states that "denial" about polygamy was Emma's "method for dealing with" the experience "[a]fter years of anguish". Brodie, Fawn M. (1971). No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith (2nd ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-394-46967-4. Van Wagoner, Richard S. (1992). Mormon Polygamy: A History (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 978-0-941214-79-7. Newell, Linda King; Avery, Valeen Tippetts (1994). Mormon Enigma: Emma Hale Smith (2nd ed.). Urbana: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-06291-4. Quinn, D. Michael (1994). The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power. Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 1-56085-056-6. Park, Benjamin E. (2020). Kingdom of Nauvoo: The Rise and Fall of a Religious Empire on the American Frontier. New York: Liveright. ISBN 978-1-324-09110-3.
"Last Testimony of Sister Emma". The Saints' Herald. 26 (19): 289–290. 1 October 1879. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
Brodie (1971, pp. 340–341); Hill (1989, p. 119); Bushman (2005, pp. 495–496); Ulrich (2017, pp. 92–93); Park (2020, pp. 152–154) Brodie, Fawn M. (1971). No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith (2nd ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-394-46967-4. Hill, Marvin S. (1989). Quest for Refuge: The Mormon Flight from American Pluralism. Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 978-0-941214-70-4. Bushman, Richard Lyman (2005). Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 1-4000-4270-4. Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher (2017). A House Full of Females: Plural Marriage and Women's Rights in Early Mormonism, 1835–1870. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-307-74212-4. Park, Benjamin E. (2020). Kingdom of Nauvoo: The Rise and Fall of a Religious Empire on the American Frontier. New York: Liveright. ISBN 978-1-324-09110-3.
Van Wagoner (1992, pp. 113–114); Quinn (1994, p. 239); Park (2020, p. 277) Van Wagoner, Richard S. (1992). Mormon Polygamy: A History (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 978-0-941214-79-7. Quinn, D. Michael (1994). The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power. Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 1-56085-056-6. Park, Benjamin E. (2020). Kingdom of Nauvoo: The Rise and Fall of a Religious Empire on the American Frontier. New York: Liveright. ISBN 978-1-324-09110-3.
Van Wagoner (1992, p. 53); Newell & Avery (1994, pp. 128–129) Van Wagoner, Richard S. (1992). Mormon Polygamy: A History (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 978-0-941214-79-7. Newell, Linda King; Avery, Valeen Tippetts (1994). Mormon Enigma: Emma Hale Smith (2nd ed.). Urbana: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-06291-4.
Van Wagoner (1992, pp. 113–115). Van Wagoner, Richard S. (1992). Mormon Polygamy: A History (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 978-0-941214-79-7.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Youngreen, Buddy (1982). Reflections of Emma: Joseph Smith's Wife. Grandin Book.
McCune, George M. (1991). Personalities in the Doctrine and Covenants and Joseph Smith – History. Salt Lake City, Utah: Hawkes Publishing. pp. 108–109. ISBN 9780890365182.
McCune, George M. (1991). Personalities in the Doctrine and Covenants and Joseph Smith – History. Salt Lake City, Utah: Hawkes Publishing. pp. 108–109. ISBN 9780890365182.

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Jensen, Andrew (1941). Latter-Day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News. pp. 692–693.
Jensen, Andrew (1941). Latter-Day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News. pp. 196–197.
Jensen, Andrew (1941). Latter-Day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News. pp. 196–197.
Jensen, Andrew (1941). Latter-Day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News. pp. 692–693.

rsc.byu.edu

"Six Days in August: Brigham Young and the Succession Crisis of 1844 | Religious Studies Center". rsc.byu.edu. Retrieved 2025-05-26.

churchofjesuschrist.org (Global: 1,733^rd place; English: 879^th place)

Carol Cornwall Madsen. "The Letters of Joseph and Emma Smith". Retrieved 11 July 2021 – via The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.

deseret.com (Global: 1,124^th place; English: 531^st place)

Susan Evans McCloud (1 February 2016). "The Courtship and Marriage of Emma Hale and Joseph Smith". Retrieved 11 July 2021 – via Deseret News.

dialoguejournal.com (Global: low place; English: 6,263^rd place)

Clayton, William (July 4, 1844). "Diary Excerpt regarding the Joseph Smith estate". William Clayton Personal Diary.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Shields, Steven L. (2019-10-01). "Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon: Co-Founders of a Movement". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought. 52 (3): 1–18. doi:10.5406/dialjmormthou.52.3.0001. ISSN 0012-2157.

en.wikisource.org (Global: 82^nd place; English: 41^st place)

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints later canonized the text as D&C 132, in 1876; see Bringhurst, Newell G. "Section 132 of the LDS Doctrine and Covenants: Its Complex Contents and Controversial Legacy". Persistence of Polygamy. p. 60, in Bringhurst & Foster (2010, pp. 59–86){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link). Bringhurst, Newell G.; Foster, Craig L., eds. (2010). The Persistence of Polygamy: Joseph Smith and the Origins of Mormon Polygamy. Independence, MO: John Whitmer Books. ISBN 978-1-934901-13-7.

josephsmithjr.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kennedy, Michael (18 December 2020). "Joseph and Emma Share a Common Heritage". Joseph Smith Jr and Emma Hale Smith Historical Society. Retrieved 9 March 2021. These Mayflower passengers are: John Tilley, Joan Hurst Tilley, Elizabeth Tilley, John Howland, Edward Fuller, Mrs. John Fuller, Samuel Fuller.
"Emma's Marriage to Lewis Crum Bidamon". Archived from the original on 2012-03-22. Retrieved 2011-04-08.
"What Happened to Joseph and Emma Smith's Children? – Joseph Smith Jr and Emma Hale Smith Historical Society". 2020-05-25. Retrieved 2023-05-17.

josephsmithpapers.org (Global: low place; English: 9,174^th place)

"Emma Hale Smith – Biography". The Joseph Smith Papers. Retrieved 2021-08-18.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Compier, Don H. (1986). "The Faith of Emma Smith". The John Whitmer Historical Association Journal. 6: 64–72. JSTOR 43200764.
Compier, Don H. (1986). "The Faith of Emma Smith". The John Whitmer Historical Association Journal. 6: 64–72. JSTOR 43200764.

kirtlandtemple.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Emma's 1835 Hymnal". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011.

osu.edu (Global: 2,360^th place; English: 1,459^th place)

origins.osu.edu

"Joseph Smith Discovers the Gold Plates | Origins". origins.osu.edu. 2023-09-12. Retrieved 2025-07-27.

rickgrunder.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Julia Murdock Smith Dixon Middleton Family album and history". Archived from the original on 2005-11-03. Retrieved 2010-03-15.

scholarlypublishingcollective.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Shields, Steven L. (2019-10-01). "Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon: Co-Founders of a Movement". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought. 52 (3): 1–18. doi:10.5406/dialjmormthou.52.3.0001. ISSN 0012-2157.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Emma's 1835 Hymnal". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011.
"Julia Murdock Smith Dixon Middleton Family album and history". Archived from the original on 2005-11-03. Retrieved 2010-03-15.
"Emma's Marriage to Lewis Crum Bidamon". Archived from the original on 2012-03-22. Retrieved 2011-04-08.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

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Reeder 2021, pp. xiii, 8. Reeder, Jennifer (2021). First : the life and faith of Emma Smith. Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1-62972-878-0. OCLC 1230256165.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Reeder 2021, p. 9. Reeder, Jennifer (2021). First : the life and faith of Emma Smith. Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1-62972-878-0. OCLC 1230256165.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Reeder 2021, p. 17. Reeder, Jennifer (2021). First : the life and faith of Emma Smith. Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1-62972-878-0. OCLC 1230256165.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Reeder 2021, pp. 11–12. Reeder, Jennifer (2021). First : the life and faith of Emma Smith. Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1-62972-878-0. OCLC 1230256165.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Shields, Steven L. (2019-10-01). "Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon: Co-Founders of a Movement". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought. 52 (3): 1–18. doi:10.5406/dialjmormthou.52.3.0001. ISSN 0012-2157.

Emma Smith (English Wikipedia)

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