Emoticon (English Wikipedia)

TECHSIDE FF11板の過去ログです [TECHSIDE FF11 board archives] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on April 30, 2003. Retrieved September 17, 2018. ＜正直＞アフターバーナー予約してしまいました_|￣|○←早速使ってみるw (12/23 00:20)
＜ルン＞/土下座_|￣| ○のび助　　···駄目だ、完全に遅れた (12/23 23:09)

90daykorean.com

"Korean Emoticons: The Ultimate Guide". 90 Day Korean®. March 17, 2016. Retrieved December 18, 2020.

adweek.com

High, Kamau (August 9, 2007). "MTV Combats 'Sucky' Relationships". adweek.com. Archived from the original on December 25, 2007.

ahdictionary.com

"emoticon". American Heritage Dictionary. Retrieved March 22, 2018.

aist.go.jp

staff.aist.go.jp

"The History of Smiley Marks". Staff.aist.go.jp. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved March 14, 2013.

archive.org

Nabokov, Vladimir (1990). Strong Opinions (1st Vintage international ed.). New York: Vintage Books. p. 134. ISBN 978-0-679-72609-8. OCLC 1035656350.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Russian hopes to cash in on ;-)". BBC News. December 11, 2008. Retrieved March 14, 2013.

boingboing.net

Jardin, Xeni (February 7, 2005). "All about Orz". Boing Boing. Retrieved March 24, 2009.

books.google.com

Zimmerly, Arlene; Jaehne, Julie (2003). Computer Connections: Projects and Applications, Student Edition. McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 978-0-07-861399-9. Emoticon: An acronym for emotion icon, a small icon composed of punctuation characters that indicate how an e-mail message should be interpreted (that is, the writer's mood).^{[page needed]}
Bierce, Ambrose (1912). "For Brevity and Clarity". The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, XI: Antepenultimata. The Neale Publishing Company. pp. 386–387.
Li, Yuming; Li, Wei (April 1, 2014). The Language Situation in China. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-1-61451-365-0.

cambridge.org

dictionary.cambridge.org

"emoticon". Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Retrieved March 22, 2018.

ceruleanstudios.com

"The Creators of Trillian and Trillian Pro IM Clients". Cerulean Studios. Archived from the original on May 1, 2010. Retrieved March 14, 2013.

cmu.edu

cs.cmu.edu

Fahlman, Scott. "Original Bboard Thread in which :-) was proposed". cs.cmu.edu. Retrieved March 22, 2018.

cnn.com

":-) turns 25". CNN.com. Associated Press. September 20, 2007. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007.

cognitionandculture.net

N'Diaye, Karim (January 8, 2009) [2006]. "Cross-cultural investigation of Smileys". International cognition & culture institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2024. Retrieved March 29, 2024.

collinsdictionary.com

"emoticon". Collins Dictionary. Retrieved March 22, 2018.

dailysabah.com

"First smiley and frowny emoticons go under hammer in US". Daily Sabah. September 11, 2021.

dfnt.net

みんなの作った _|￣|○クラフト "paper craft of orz" [Everyone's _|￣|○ craft "paper craft of orz"]. Retrieved August 18, 2009.

digit.in

Das, Souvik (August 4, 2016). "Emoting Out Loud: The Origin of Emojis". Digit.

doi.org

Doliashvili, Mariam; Ogawa, Michael-Brian C.; Crosby, Martha E. (2020). "Understanding Challenges Presented Using Emojis as a Form of Augmented Communication". In Schmorrow, Dylan D.; Fidopiastis, Cali M. (eds.). Augmented Cognition. Theoretical and Technological Approaches. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 12196. Springer Nature. p. 26. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-50353-6_2. ISBN 978-3-030-50353-6. S2CID 220551348. Scott Fahlman, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, was credited with popularizing early text-based emoticons in 1982

educause.edu

er.educause.edu

Gajadhar, Joan; Green, John (2005). "The Importance of Nonverbal Elements in Online Chat" (PDF). EDUCAUSE Quarterly. 28 (4): 63–64. ISSN 1528-5324.

emojipedia.org

"📖 Emoji Glossary". emojipedia.org. Retrieved November 25, 2017.

espacenet.com

worldwide.espacenet.com

US 6987991, Nelson, Johnathon O., "Emoticon input method and apparatus", published 2006-01-17, assigned to Wildseed Ltd.

europe1.fr

"Avec le smiley, 'on arrive à décontracter tout le monde'" [With the smiley, 'we get to relax everybody']. Europe 1 (in French). February 4, 2016. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017. Retrieved July 16, 2017.

futurezone.at

"Erstes digitales Smiley für mehr als 200.000 Dollar als NFT versteigert" [First digital smiley sold for more than $ 200,000 as NFT]. Future Zone (in German). September 24, 2021.

groovy-lang.org

docs.groovy-lang.org

Groovy Language Documentation, includes Spaceship, Elvis and Diamond operators

groups.google.com

Morris, James (October 10, 1982). "Notes – Communications Breakthrough". Newsgroup: net.works. Retrieved December 18, 2008.^{[dead link‍]}
Jackson, Curtis (December 3, 1982). "How to keep from being misunderstood on the net". Newsgroup: net.news. Retrieved December 17, 2008.

hooksmagazine.com

Hooks, Matheus (March 10, 2022). "The Untold Story Behind the Emoji Phenomeon". Hooks magazine.

iltalehti.fi

STT (August 13, 2012). "Hymiölle ei saa tavaramerkkiä | Kotimaan uutiset". Iltalehti.fi. Retrieved March 14, 2013.

leparisien.fr

Hervez, Marc (May 9, 2016). "Qui a inventé le Smiley ? Son histoire va vous surprendre..." [Who invented the Smiley? Its history will surprise you...]. Le Parisien (in French). Archived from the original on May 10, 2019.

muzicons.com

"Muzicons.com – music sharing widget". Retrieved June 25, 2008.

newstalk.com

Quann, Jack (July 17, 2015). "A picture paints a thousand words: Today is World Emoji Day". newstalk.com. Archived from the original on August 11, 2015.

nownews.com

心情很orz嗎？網路象形文字幽默一下 [Feeling orz? Humor with Internet Hieroglyphics]. Nownews.com. January 20, 2005. Archived from the original on November 15, 2012. Retrieved March 14, 2013.

nytimes.com

Williams, Alex (July 29, 2007). "(-: Just Between You and Me ;-)". The New York Times. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
Schwartz, John (January 29, 2001). "Compressed Data; Don't Mind That Lawsuit, It's Just a Joke". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 17, 2016.

cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com

Lee, Jennifer (January 19, 2009). "Is That an Emoticon in 1862?". City Room. The New York Times.

oxforddictionaries.com

en.oxforddictionaries.com

"emoticon - Definition of emoticon in English by Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries - English. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017.

polona.pl

"Polona".

prh.fi

tavaramerkki.prh.fi

"Tavaramerkkilehti" (PDF). Tavaramerkkilehti (10): 27–28. May 31, 2006. Retrieved June 16, 2007.

researchgate.net

Cope, Bill; Kalantzis, Mary. "A Little History of e-Learning". Retrieved October 26, 2021 – via ResearchGate.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Doliashvili, Mariam; Ogawa, Michael-Brian C.; Crosby, Martha E. (2020). "Understanding Challenges Presented Using Emojis as a Form of Augmented Communication". In Schmorrow, Dylan D.; Fidopiastis, Cali M. (eds.). Augmented Cognition. Theoretical and Technological Approaches. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 12196. Springer Nature. p. 26. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-50353-6_2. ISBN 978-3-030-50353-6. S2CID 220551348. Scott Fahlman, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, was credited with popularizing early text-based emoticons in 1982

slate.com

Zimmer, Ben (April 15, 2014). "Sorry, That's Not an Emoticon in a 1648 Poem :(". Slate. Retrieved June 5, 2024.

snopes.com

Mikkelson, David (September 20, 2007). "Fact Check: Emoticon (Smiley) Origin". Snopes.

sourceforge.net

"Denoser strips noses from text". SourceForge.net. February 21, 2013. Retrieved March 14, 2013.

srce.hr

hrcak.srce.hr

Tomić, Maja Katarina; Martinez, Marijana; Vrbanec, Tedo (2013). "Emoticons". ยืนยันอีเมลแล้วที่. 1 (1): 41 – via Google Scholar.

theatlantic.com

Madrigal, Alexis C. (April 14, 2014). "The First Emoticon May have appeared in 1648". The Atlantic.
Garber, Megan (June 19, 2014). ") or :-)? Some Highly Scientific Data". The Atlantic.

thedailybeast.com

Hitt, Tarpley (July 17, 2020). "The Inventor of the Emoticon Tells All: 'I've Created a Virus'". The Daily Beast.

thedrum.com

Deighton, Katie (July 24, 2017). "Creative The Smiley Company Emoji". The Drum.

theguardian.com

Hern, Alex (February 6, 2015). "Don't know the difference between emoji and emoticons? Let me explain". The Guardian. To complicate matters, some emoji are also emoticons [...] the emoji which depict emotive faces are separated out as "emoticons".

thelightmag.com

Mahfood, Rene (2016). "Emoji Users Are Shaping The Future Of Messaging". The Light Magazine. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017.

unicode.org

"22.9 Miscellaneous Symbols (§ Emoticons: U+1F600–U+1F64F)". The Unicode Standard: Core Specification (PDF). Version 13.0. Unicode Consortium. 2020. p. 866.
"Emoticons" (PDF). The Unicode Consortium.

upenn.edu

repository.upenn.edu

Schnoebelen, Tyler (2012). "Do You Smile with Your Nose? Stylistic Variation in Twitter Emoticons". University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics. 18 (2). Retrieved January 22, 2020.

vice.com

Smith, Ernie (November 13, 2017). "The Greatest Computer Network You've Never Heard Of". Vice.

web.archive.org

"emoticon - Definition of emoticon in English by Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries - English. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017.
"The History of Smiley Marks". Staff.aist.go.jp. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved March 14, 2013.
N'Diaye, Karim (January 8, 2009) [2006]. "Cross-cultural investigation of Smileys". International cognition & culture institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2024. Retrieved March 29, 2024.
":-) turns 25". CNN.com. Associated Press. September 20, 2007. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007.
Mahfood, Rene (2016). "Emoji Users Are Shaping The Future Of Messaging". The Light Magazine. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017.
"Avec le smiley, 'on arrive à décontracter tout le monde'" [With the smiley, 'we get to relax everybody']. Europe 1 (in French). February 4, 2016. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017. Retrieved July 16, 2017.
Quann, Jack (July 17, 2015). "A picture paints a thousand words: Today is World Emoji Day". newstalk.com. Archived from the original on August 11, 2015.
Hervez, Marc (May 9, 2016). "Qui a inventé le Smiley ? Son histoire va vous surprendre..." [Who invented the Smiley? Its history will surprise you...]. Le Parisien (in French). Archived from the original on May 10, 2019.
心情很orz嗎？網路象形文字幽默一下 [Feeling orz? Humor with Internet Hieroglyphics]. Nownews.com. January 20, 2005. Archived from the original on November 15, 2012. Retrieved March 14, 2013.
TECHSIDE FF11板の過去ログです [TECHSIDE FF11 board archives] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on April 30, 2003. Retrieved September 17, 2018. ＜正直＞アフターバーナー予約してしまいました_|￣|○←早速使ってみるw (12/23 00:20)
＜ルン＞/土下座_|￣| ○のび助　　···駄目だ、完全に遅れた (12/23 23:09)
"The Creators of Trillian and Trillian Pro IM Clients". Cerulean Studios. Archived from the original on May 1, 2010. Retrieved March 14, 2013.
High, Kamau (August 9, 2007). "MTV Combats 'Sucky' Relationships". adweek.com. Archived from the original on December 25, 2007.
Schwartz, John (January 29, 2001). "Compressed Data; Don't Mind That Lawsuit, It's Just a Joke". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 17, 2016.

whatjapanthinks.com

Yasumoto-Nicolson, Ken (September 19, 2007). "The History of Smiley Marks (English)". Whatjapanthinks.com. Retrieved August 10, 2017.

wired.com

Long, Tony (September 19, 2008). "Sept. 19, 1982: Can't You Take a Joke? :-)". Wired. Fahlman became the acknowledged originator of the ASCII-based emoticon.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Gajadhar, Joan; Green, John (2005). "The Importance of Nonverbal Elements in Online Chat" (PDF). EDUCAUSE Quarterly. 28 (4): 63–64. ISSN 1528-5324.
Houston, Keith (September 28, 2013). "Something to Smile About". The Wall Street Journal. p. C3. ISSN 0099-9660.
Nabokov, Vladimir (1990). Strong Opinions (1st Vintage international ed.). New York: Vintage Books. p. 134. ISBN 978-0-679-72609-8. OCLC 1035656350.

worldcat.org

The Harvard Lampoon, Vol. 112 No. 1, September 16, 1936, pp. 30–31. ISSN 0017-8098
MAD Magazine No. 73, September 1962, pp. 36–37. ISSN 0024-9319

wsj.com

Houston, Keith (September 28, 2013). "Something to Smile About". The Wall Street Journal. p. C3. ISSN 0099-9660.