English Canadians (English Wikipedia)

All citizens of Canada are classified as "Canadians" as defined by Canada's nationality laws. However, "Canadian" as an ethnic group has since 1996 been added to census questionnaires for possible ancestry. "Canadian" was included as an example on the English questionnaire and "Canadien" as an example on the French questionnaire. "The majority of respondents to this selection are from the eastern part of the country that was first settled. Respondents generally are visibly European (Anglophones and Francophones), however no-longer self identify with their ethnic ancestral origins. This response is attributed to a multitude or generational distance from ancestral lineage.
Source 1: Jack Jedwab (April 2008). "Our 'Cense' of Self: the 2006 Census saw 1.6 million 'Canadian'" (PDF). Association for Canadian Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 2, 2011. Retrieved March 7, 2011. "Virtually all persons who reported "Canadian" in 1996 had English or French as a mother tongue, were born in Canada and had both parents born inside Canada. This suggests that many of these respondents were people whose families have been in this country for several generations. In effect the "new Canadians" were persons that previously reported either British or French origins. Moreover in 1996 some 55% of people with both parents born in Canada reported Canadian (alone or in combination with other origins). By contrast, only 4% of people with both parents born outside Canada reported Canadian. Thus the Canadian response did not appeal widely to either immigrants or their children."(Page 2)
Source 2: Don Kerr (2007). The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population. Canadian Scholars' Press. pp. 313–317. ISBN 978-1-55130-322-2.

archive.org

Avis, Walter S. (1983). Gage Canadian Dictionary. Toronto: Gage Publishing Limited. p. 393. ISBN 0-7715-1980-X. ... a Canadian of English ancestry or whose principal language is English, especially as opposed to French.

books.google.com

Norman Knowles, Inventing the Loyalists: The Ontario Loyalist Tradition, University of Toronto Press, p. 163 [12]
All citizens of Canada are classified as "Canadians" as defined by Canada's nationality laws. However, "Canadian" as an ethnic group has since 1996 been added to census questionnaires for possible ancestry. "Canadian" was included as an example on the English questionnaire and "Canadien" as an example on the French questionnaire. "The majority of respondents to this selection are from the eastern part of the country that was first settled. Respondents generally are visibly European (Anglophones and Francophones), however no-longer self identify with their ethnic ancestral origins. This response is attributed to a multitude or generational distance from ancestral lineage.
Source 1: Jack Jedwab (April 2008). "Our 'Cense' of Self: the 2006 Census saw 1.6 million 'Canadian'" (PDF). Association for Canadian Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 2, 2011. Retrieved March 7, 2011. "Virtually all persons who reported "Canadian" in 1996 had English or French as a mother tongue, were born in Canada and had both parents born inside Canada. This suggests that many of these respondents were people whose families have been in this country for several generations. In effect the "new Canadians" were persons that previously reported either British or French origins. Moreover in 1996 some 55% of people with both parents born in Canada reported Canadian (alone or in combination with other origins). By contrast, only 4% of people with both parents born outside Canada reported Canadian. Thus the Canadian response did not appeal widely to either immigrants or their children."(Page 2)
Source 2: Don Kerr (2007). The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population. Canadian Scholars' Press. pp. 313–317. ISBN 978-1-55130-322-2.

cbc.ca

CBC News in Depth: Canada's Military. The history of Peacekeeping in Canada, October 30, 2003, by Peter McCluskey, retrieved 2009-05-06 [5]
Rick Hansen placed 30th in The Greatest Canadian Archived February 13, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
Norman Bethune placed 26th in The Greatest Canadian Archived April 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

history.cbc.ca

Nationalist Passions: The Great Flag Debate, Canada: A People's History, retrieved from CBC website, May 4, 2009. [9]

cjc-online.ca

Review by Kevin Dowler of A Border Within: National Identity, Cultural Plurality and Wilderness, by Ian Angus, Canadian Journal of Communication, Vol 23, No 3 (1998), retrieved May 5, 2009 [3]

collectionscanada.gc.ca

Prime Minister Pearson's speech on the inauguration of the Maple Leaf Flag, February 15, 1965, addresses the divide directly: [10]

ctv.ca

Nersessian, Mary (April 9, 2007). "Vimy battle marks birth of Canadian nationalism". CTV.ca. Archived from the original on February 15, 2009.

dominion.ca

"Ontario this Month" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on April 27, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2011.

firstthings.com

Oh Canada, by James Nuechterlein, in First Things, the Journal of Religion, Culture and Public Life, August/September 1997, retrieved May 5, 2009 [6] "More important, Canadian culture is saturated with American influences. Despite government efforts in recent years to put up barriers to American cultural imports and to establish "Canadian content" rules wherever possible, the American presence is ubiquitous. Canadians read American books, watch American movies, sing American songs. English Canadian culture is not nonexistent, but its condition is perpetually fragile... It is difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise."

globecampus.ca

Globecampus, Decision to omit O Canada hits patriotic nerve, January 31, 2009, retrieved May 4, 2009 [11] Archived July 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

gouv.qc.ca

stat.gouv.qc.ca

"D'une génération à l'autre : évolution des conditions de vie". Retrieved May 20, 2024.

gov.bc.ca

bcarchives.gov.bc.ca

B.C. Archives, Emily Carr, retrieved May 5, 2009 [17] Archived May 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine"

greatquestions.com

Charlotte Gray, "Heroes and Symbols". Great Canadian Questions, The Dominion Institute. Retrieved June 27, 2009.

horsebackmagazine.com

"First cowboy in Canada's Sports Hall of Fame - Horse Back Magazine". horsebackmagazine.com. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved December 16, 2017.

ianangus.ca

Ian Angus, The Paradox of Cultural Identity in English Canada, [8] Archived May 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, retrieved May 5, 2009 "‘English Canada’ is neither a nation-state nor a regional grouping with representative political institutions. Its cultural identity tends to disappear as an object of analysis. Questions of the identity of English Canada have tended to aim either 'above' at 'Canada' or 'below' toward a sub-national identity such as region, province, city, etc. or 'outside' toward a non-national identity such as feminism or other gender-based identities, environmentalism or other social movement-based identities, etc. English Canada has only a minor degree of consciousness of itself which has arisen recently in relation to the self-assertive politics of Quebec and First Nations. Even the name English Canada is problematic: the rest of Canada, Canada without Quebec, and other circumlocutions, register this difficulty."

ipsos-na.com

Laura Secord placed 8th in an Angus Reid survey conducted June 30, 1999 [13] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
Terry Fox placed first in the Angus Reid poll of June 30, 1999 [14] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine and 2nd in The Greatest Canadian
Nellie McClung placed 10th in the Angus Reid poll of June 30, 1999 [16] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine and 25th in The Greatest Canadian
"Billy Bishop placed 9th in the 1999 Angus Reid poll". Ipsos-na.com. June 30, 1999. Archived from the original on July 7, 2009. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
Frederick Banting placed 2nd in the 1999 Angus Reid poll [18] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine and 4th in The Greatest Canadian

macleans.ca

Macleans.ca, The relentless Terry Fox. April 1, 2005, Ken MacQueen, retrieved 2009-05-05 [15] Archived October 31, 2011, at the Wayback Machine "Fox, aged 22, had been a minor blip on the nation's radar until he entered Ontario, until he stormed Ottawa(meeting Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, who knew nothing of the run), and, especially, until the Canadian Cancer Society pulled out the stops for his triumphal entry into Toronto and through southern Ontario."

mcgill.ca

mqup.mcgill.ca

Lament for a Nation, 40th Anniversary Edition: the Defeat of Canadian Nationalism, [7]

mcmaster.ca

library.mcmaster.ca

The Canada/Britain Relationship: World War 1 Songs, " McMaster University Library, retrieved May 5, 2009 [19] Archived October 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Increasingly as the war wore on, Canadians were not fighting because Britain told them to, they were fighting because Canadians were dying in Flanders and the need to punish somebody for the terrible Canadian losses was very strong. By 1917, Canada's former deference to Britain was all but forgotten in the musical record. Canada had proven to the world that she was a strong, independent nation, and no longer wanted to be subordinate to an old colonial power that was fast losing its importance on the international stage."

msn.com

encarta.msn.com

"English Canadian". MSN Encarta - Dictionary. 2007. Archived from the original on August 31, 2009. Retrieved August 7, 2007.

opinionjournal.com

Wall Street Journal, Severe Winter Storm: Conan O'Brien finds Anglophone Canadians can't take a joke about Francophone ones, by Mark Steyn, retrieved May 5, 2009 [2]

pco-bcp.gc.ca

Government of Canada website Minister Dion Asserts that Anglophone Canadians are Becoming More and More Supportive of French, retrieved May 5, 2009 [1] Archived July 24, 2013, at the Wayback Machine

publications.gc.ca

Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "1961 Census of Canada : population : vol. I - part 2 = 1961 Recensement du Canada : population : vol. I - partie 2. Ethnic groups". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "1971 Census of Canada : population : vol. I - part 3 = Recensement du Canada 1971 : population : vol. I - partie 3. Introduction to volume I (part 3)". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "1981 Census of Canada : volume 1 - national series : population = Recensement du Canada de 1981 : volume 1 - série nationale : population. Ethnic origin". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "Census Canada 1986 Profile of ethnic groups". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "1986 Census of Canada: Ethnic Diversity In Canada". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "1991 Census: The nation. Ethnic origin". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.

revues.org

lisa.revues.org

Sabine Jackson, Robertson Davies: l'expansion de la conscience culturelle au Canada, La Revue LISA ISSN 1762-6153 Volume 3, No. 2/2005

statcan.ca

www12.statcan.ca

"ethnic origin, 2001 census". 2.statcan.ca. Archived from the original on December 13, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
"97F0010XCB2001040". 2.statcan.ca. March 9, 2010. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
"97F0010XCB2001040". 2.statcan.ca. March 9, 2010. Retrieved January 28, 2011.

statcan.gc.ca

www12.statcan.gc.ca

Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (August 17, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 25, 2022.
"Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables". statcan.gc.ca. October 25, 2017.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (June 17, 2019). "Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (January 23, 2019). "Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (May 1, 2020). "Ethnic Origin (247), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (June 4, 2019). "Data tables, 1996 Census Population by Ethnic Origin (188) and Sex (3), Showing Single and Multiple Responses (3), for Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (December 23, 2013). "Ethnic Origin (232), Sex (3) and Single and Multiple Responses (3) for Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
"Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". February 9, 2022.

www150.statcan.gc.ca

Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 26, 2022). "Ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved January 15, 2023.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (July 29, 1999). "Historical statistics of Canada, section A: Population and migration - ARCHIVED". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved September 23, 2022.

thecanadianencyclopedia.ca

"English Canadians". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
W. H. New. "Literary History in English 1980-2000". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
Lorraine Mcmullen. "Novel in English". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
Helmut Kallman. "The Maple Leaf Forever". Encyclopedia of Music in Canada. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
"1972 Canada-Soviet Hockey Series (Summit Series)". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved August 18, 2019.

theglobeandmail.com

"The Globe and Mail: Series – Pierre Elliott Trudeau 1919–2000". Archived from the original on April 22, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009. Mr. Lévesque's judgment was not shared by many. As in the rest of Canada, opinion polls showed overwhelming support in Quebec for the War Measures Act.

warmuseum.ca

Durflinger, Dr. Serge (December 15, 2008), Military History - French Canada and recruitment during the First World War[4]^{[permanent dead link‍]}

web.archive.org

"English Canadian". MSN Encarta - Dictionary. 2007. Archived from the original on August 31, 2009. Retrieved August 7, 2007.
Government of Canada website Minister Dion Asserts that Anglophone Canadians are Becoming More and More Supportive of French, retrieved May 5, 2009 [1] Archived July 24, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
Nersessian, Mary (April 9, 2007). "Vimy battle marks birth of Canadian nationalism". CTV.ca. Archived from the original on February 15, 2009.
Ian Angus, The Paradox of Cultural Identity in English Canada, [8] Archived May 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, retrieved May 5, 2009 "‘English Canada’ is neither a nation-state nor a regional grouping with representative political institutions. Its cultural identity tends to disappear as an object of analysis. Questions of the identity of English Canada have tended to aim either 'above' at 'Canada' or 'below' toward a sub-national identity such as region, province, city, etc. or 'outside' toward a non-national identity such as feminism or other gender-based identities, environmentalism or other social movement-based identities, etc. English Canada has only a minor degree of consciousness of itself which has arisen recently in relation to the self-assertive politics of Quebec and First Nations. Even the name English Canada is problematic: the rest of Canada, Canada without Quebec, and other circumlocutions, register this difficulty."
"Ontario this Month" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on April 27, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
Globecampus, Decision to omit O Canada hits patriotic nerve, January 31, 2009, retrieved May 4, 2009 [11] Archived July 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
"ethnic origin, 2001 census". 2.statcan.ca. Archived from the original on December 13, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
Laura Secord placed 8th in an Angus Reid survey conducted June 30, 1999 [13] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
Terry Fox placed first in the Angus Reid poll of June 30, 1999 [14] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine and 2nd in The Greatest Canadian
Macleans.ca, The relentless Terry Fox. April 1, 2005, Ken MacQueen, retrieved 2009-05-05 [15] Archived October 31, 2011, at the Wayback Machine "Fox, aged 22, had been a minor blip on the nation's radar until he entered Ontario, until he stormed Ottawa(meeting Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, who knew nothing of the run), and, especially, until the Canadian Cancer Society pulled out the stops for his triumphal entry into Toronto and through southern Ontario."
Rick Hansen placed 30th in The Greatest Canadian Archived February 13, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
"Earl Bascom Honored On National Cowboy Day". www.westernhorsereview.com. August 19, 2014. Archived from the original on August 30, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
"First cowboy in Canada's Sports Hall of Fame - Horse Back Magazine". horsebackmagazine.com. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
Nellie McClung placed 10th in the Angus Reid poll of June 30, 1999 [16] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine and 25th in The Greatest Canadian
B.C. Archives, Emily Carr, retrieved May 5, 2009 [17] Archived May 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine"
"Billy Bishop placed 9th in the 1999 Angus Reid poll". Ipsos-na.com. June 30, 1999. Archived from the original on July 7, 2009. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
Frederick Banting placed 2nd in the 1999 Angus Reid poll [18] Archived July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine and 4th in The Greatest Canadian
Norman Bethune placed 26th in The Greatest Canadian Archived April 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
"The Globe and Mail: Series – Pierre Elliott Trudeau 1919–2000". Archived from the original on April 22, 2009. Retrieved May 5, 2009. Mr. Lévesque's judgment was not shared by many. As in the rest of Canada, opinion polls showed overwhelming support in Quebec for the War Measures Act.
The Canada/Britain Relationship: World War 1 Songs, " McMaster University Library, retrieved May 5, 2009 [19] Archived October 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Increasingly as the war wore on, Canadians were not fighting because Britain told them to, they were fighting because Canadians were dying in Flanders and the need to punish somebody for the terrible Canadian losses was very strong. By 1917, Canada's former deference to Britain was all but forgotten in the musical record. Canada had proven to the world that she was a strong, independent nation, and no longer wanted to be subordinate to an old colonial power that was fast losing its importance on the international stage."
All citizens of Canada are classified as "Canadians" as defined by Canada's nationality laws. However, "Canadian" as an ethnic group has since 1996 been added to census questionnaires for possible ancestry. "Canadian" was included as an example on the English questionnaire and "Canadien" as an example on the French questionnaire. "The majority of respondents to this selection are from the eastern part of the country that was first settled. Respondents generally are visibly European (Anglophones and Francophones), however no-longer self identify with their ethnic ancestral origins. This response is attributed to a multitude or generational distance from ancestral lineage.
Source 1: Jack Jedwab (April 2008). "Our 'Cense' of Self: the 2006 Census saw 1.6 million 'Canadian'" (PDF). Association for Canadian Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 2, 2011. Retrieved March 7, 2011. "Virtually all persons who reported "Canadian" in 1996 had English or French as a mother tongue, were born in Canada and had both parents born inside Canada. This suggests that many of these respondents were people whose families have been in this country for several generations. In effect the "new Canadians" were persons that previously reported either British or French origins. Moreover in 1996 some 55% of people with both parents born in Canada reported Canadian (alone or in combination with other origins). By contrast, only 4% of people with both parents born outside Canada reported Canadian. Thus the Canadian response did not appeal widely to either immigrants or their children."(Page 2)
Source 2: Don Kerr (2007). The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population. Canadian Scholars' Press. pp. 313–317. ISBN 978-1-55130-322-2.

westernhorsereview.com

"Earl Bascom Honored On National Cowboy Day". www.westernhorsereview.com. August 19, 2014. Archived from the original on August 30, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2017.

worldcat.org

Sabine Jackson, Robertson Davies: l'expansion de la conscience culturelle au Canada, La Revue LISA ISSN 1762-6153 Volume 3, No. 2/2005