English longbow (English Wikipedia)

"The Efficacy of the Medieval Longbow: A Reply to Kelly DeVries", War in History 5, no. 2 (1998): 233–42; idem, "The Battle of Agincourt", The Hundred Years War (Part II): Different Vistas, ed. L. J. Andrew Villalon and Donald J. Kagay (Leiden: Brill, 2008): 37–132.

archaeologydataservice.ac.uk

Jessop, Oliver. "A New Artefact Typology for the Study of Medieval Arrowheads" (PDF).

archive.org

Barker 2006, pp. 86–88 Barker, Juliet (2006). Agincourt: Henry V and the Battle That Made England. Little, Brown and Co. ISBN 0-316-01503-2.
Keen 1999, p. 148. Keen, Maurice, ed. (1999). Medieval Warfare: A History. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0-19-820639-2.
Churchill, Winston, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, Vol. 1, The Birth of Britain, Book Two, Ch.18, p.242.
Kaiser 1980 cites: Ford, Horace (1887). The Theory and Practice of Archery. London: Longman Green and Co. p. 3.. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.

books.google.com

Trevelyan 2008, pp. 18, 88. Trevelyan, G. M. (2008). English Social History – A Survey of Six Centuries – Chaucer to Queen Victoria. Longman. ISBN 978-1-4437-2095-3.
Britain, Great (1762), Statutes at Large, vol. 3, p. 408, ...because that our sovereign lord the King, by a petition delivered to him in the said parliament, by the commons of the same, hath perceived That the great scarcity of bowstaves is now in this realm, and the bowstaves that be in this realm be sold as an excessive price...
Morgan, R.B., ed. (2014) [1st pub. 1923]. Readings in English Social History: From Pre-Roman Days to AD 1837. Cambridge University Press. p. 150. ISBN 978-1-107-65556-0. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
The right to keep and bear arms: report of the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, second session, U.S. G.P.O., 1982 p. 46 (see also: David T. Hardy, Partner in the Law Firm Sando & Hardy Historical Bases of the Right To Keep and Bear Arms)
Andrzejewski 2003, p. 65 "It is surely not accidental that the only peasant revolt in England which succeeded took place at the time of the predominance of the longbow". Andrzejewski, Stanislaw (2003) [1954]. Military organization and society. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-17680-4.
Trevelyan 2008, p. 18 "The good yeoman archer 'whose limbs were made in England' was not a retrospective fancy of Shakespeare, but an unpleasant reality for French and Scots, and a formidable consideration for bailiffs and Justices trying to enforce servile dues or statutory rates of wages in the name of Law, which no one high or low, regarded with any great respect". Trevelyan, G. M. (2008). English Social History – A Survey of Six Centuries – Chaucer to Queen Victoria. Longman. ISBN 978-1-4437-2095-3.

bowvsmusket.com

A right exelent and pleasaunt dialogue, betwene Mercury and an English souldier contayning his supplication to Mars: bevvtified with sundry worthy histories, rare inuentions, and politike deuises. wrytten by B. Rich: gen. 1574. Published 1574 by J. Day. These bookes are to be sold [by H. Disle] at the corner shop, at the South west doore of Paules church in London. https://bowvsmusket.com/2015/07/14/barnabe-rich-a-right-exelent-and-pleasaunt-dialouge-1574/ accessed 21 April 2016

bowyers.com

Kench, Tony (19 November 2014). "Longbow Origins Before Crecy – Was It Really Welsh?" (PDF). bowyers.com. Retrieved 16 June 2021.

currentmiddleages.org

Bane 2006. Bane, Matheus (2006). "English Longbow Testing against various armor circa 1400" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2016.

doi.org

Magier et al. 2017, pp. 73, 77, 81, 84. Magier, Mariusz; Nowak, Adrian; et al. (2017). "Numerical Analysis of English Bows used in Battle of Crécy". Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia. 142 (2): 69–85. doi:10.5604/01.3001.0010.5152. ISSN 1230-3801.
"The mean depth of arrow wounds, for example, was an inch and a half, that of gunshot wounds six inches, not counting balls that went right through the body or head" (Gunn & Gromelski 2012, pp. 1222–1223). Gunn, Steven; Gromelski, Tomasz (2012). "For whom the bell tolls: accidental deaths in Tudor England". The Lancet. 380 (9849): 1222–1223. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61702-4. PMID 23057076. S2CID 20425600.
Wilson, Thomas (1901). "Arrow Wounds". American Anthropologist. 3 (3): 513–531. doi:10.1525/aa.1901.3.3.02a00070. ISSN 1548-1433. JSTOR 659204.
Israili, ZH (2014). "Antimicrobial Properties of Honey". Am J Ther. 21 (4): 304–23. doi:10.1097/MJT.0b013e318293b09b. PMID 23782759. S2CID 23337250.
Rogers 2011. Rogers, Clifford J. (2011). "The development of the longbow in late medieval England and "technological determinism"". Journal of Medieval History. 37 (3): 321–341. doi:10.1016/j.jmedhist.2011.06.002. S2CID 159466651.
Gunn 2010, pp. 53–81. Gunn, Steven (2010). "Archery Practice in Early Tudor England". Past and Present (209): 53–81. doi:10.1093/pastj/gtq029.

fieldandrovingarcherysociety.co.uk

Banks, Gavin (January 2010). "It had to be yew". Field and Roving Archery Society. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.

guncite.com

The right to keep and bear arms: report of the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, second session, U.S. G.P.O., 1982 p. 46 (see also: David T. Hardy, Partner in the Law Firm Sando & Hardy Historical Bases of the Right To Keep and Bear Arms)

gutenberg.org

Pope 2003, Chapter IV.--Archery in general, p.30. Pope, Saxton (2003). Hunting with the Bow and Arrow. Project Gutenberg EBook.
Conan Doyle 1997. Conan Doyle, Arthur (1997). The White Company. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 21 April 2004.
Conan Doyle 1997 Conan Doyle, Arthur (1997). The White Company. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 21 April 2004.

historyextra.com

Curry, Anne (October 2015). "Agincourt: medieval England's finest hour?". History Extra. Retrieved 23 March 2021.

historyofdentistry.co.uk

Cummins 2006. Cummins, Josephine (November 2006). "Saving Prince Hal: maxillo-facial surgery, 1403" (PDF). Dental History Magazine (19). Glasgow, Scotland: History of Dentistry Research Group, University of Glasgow. ISSN 1756-1728. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2012.

jstor.org

Davies, Jonathan (2002). "'A Combersome Tying Weapon in a Throng of Men': The Decline of the Longbow in Elizabethan England". Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research. 80 (321): 16–31. ISSN 0037-9700. JSTOR 44230774.
Wilson, Thomas (1901). "Arrow Wounds". American Anthropologist. 3 (3): 513–531. doi:10.1525/aa.1901.3.3.02a00070. ISSN 1548-1433. JSTOR 659204.

longbow-archers.com

"AGINCOURT – 25 Oct 1415". Longbow Archers. Retrieved 27 July 2021.

maryrose.org

Staff 2007, p. 6. Staff (2007). "The Ship – Armament – Bows" (10 pages ed.). The Mary Rose Trust. pp. 6, 7. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008.
Staff 2007, p. 7. Staff (2007). "The Ship – Armament – Bows" (10 pages ed.). The Mary Rose Trust. pp. 6, 7. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

"The mean depth of arrow wounds, for example, was an inch and a half, that of gunshot wounds six inches, not counting balls that went right through the body or head" (Gunn & Gromelski 2012, pp. 1222–1223). Gunn, Steven; Gromelski, Tomasz (2012). "For whom the bell tolls: accidental deaths in Tudor England". The Lancet. 380 (9849): 1222–1223. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61702-4. PMID 23057076. S2CID 20425600.
Israili, ZH (2014). "Antimicrobial Properties of Honey". Am J Ther. 21 (4): 304–23. doi:10.1097/MJT.0b013e318293b09b. PMID 23782759. S2CID 23337250.

oed.com

"longbow". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. June 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2018. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)

ox.ac.uk

ora.ox.ac.uk

"The mean depth of arrow wounds, for example, was an inch and a half, that of gunshot wounds six inches, not counting balls that went right through the body or head" (Gunn & Gromelski 2012, pp. 1222–1223). Gunn, Steven; Gromelski, Tomasz (2012). "For whom the bell tolls: accidental deaths in Tudor England". The Lancet. 380 (9849): 1222–1223. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61702-4. PMID 23057076. S2CID 20425600.

play.google.com

John Norton, letter dated 5 October 1642. As printed in The Garrisons of Shropshire during the Civil War, Leake and Evans publishers, Shrewsbury, 1867, page 32. "every man from 16 to 50 and upwards, gott himself into such armes as they could presently attaine, or could imagine be conduceable for the defence of the towne". "some companies of foote.. with their musketts... began to wade foarde, which being descried, we, with our bowes and arrows did so gaule them (being unarmed men) that with their utmost speed they did retreate" https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=4HBMAAAAMAAJ&rdid=book-4HBMAAAAMAAJ&rdot=1 accessed 7 August 2012

regia.org

Levick 1992 Levick, Ben (1992). "They Didn't Have Bows, Did They?". Regia Anglorum Publications.

researchgate.net

Magier et al. 2017, pp. 73, 77, 81, 84. Magier, Mariusz; Nowak, Adrian; et al. (2017). "Numerical Analysis of English Bows used in Battle of Crécy". Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia. 142 (2): 69–85. doi:10.5604/01.3001.0010.5152. ISSN 1230-3801.

royalarmouries.org

"Royal Armouries: 6. Armour-piercing arrowheads". Archived from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2008.

sacred-texts.com

"Yew Trees in Churchyards". Internet Sacred Texts Archive. Retrieved 17 August 2014.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

"The mean depth of arrow wounds, for example, was an inch and a half, that of gunshot wounds six inches, not counting balls that went right through the body or head" (Gunn & Gromelski 2012, pp. 1222–1223). Gunn, Steven; Gromelski, Tomasz (2012). "For whom the bell tolls: accidental deaths in Tudor England". The Lancet. 380 (9849): 1222–1223. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61702-4. PMID 23057076. S2CID 20425600.
Israili, ZH (2014). "Antimicrobial Properties of Honey". Am J Ther. 21 (4): 304–23. doi:10.1097/MJT.0b013e318293b09b. PMID 23782759. S2CID 23337250.
Rogers 2011. Rogers, Clifford J. (2011). "The development of the longbow in late medieval England and "technological determinism"". Journal of Medieval History. 37 (3): 321–341. doi:10.1016/j.jmedhist.2011.06.002. S2CID 159466651.

telegraph.co.uk

A review of The Great Warbow "The power of a bow is measured in its draw-weight, and these days few men can pull a bow above 80lb... and skeletons retrieved from the wreck show spinal distortions, indicating just what it took to be a proper archer" (Cohu 2005). Cohu, Will (3 April 2005). "How they did affright the air at Agincourt". The Daily Telegraph.

utwente.nl

margo.student.utwente.nl

Kaiser 1980. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 footnote 5, citing "The Berkhamsted Bow", Antiquaries Journal 11 (London), p. 423 Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 footnote 6, citing Major Richard G. Bartelot, Assistant Historical Secretary, Royal Artillery Institution, Old Military Academy, Woolwich, England. Letter, 16 February 1976 Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: Gordon, Henry; Webb, Alf (1972). "The Hedgeley Moor Bow at Alnwick Castle". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 15: 8, 9. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: Gordon, Paul H. (1939). The New Archery. New York: D. Appleton-Century Co. p. 183. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: Ford, Horace (1887). The Theory and Practice of Archery. London: Longman Green and Co. p. 3.. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: McKee, Alexander (1974). King Henry VIII's Mary Rose. New York: Stein and Day. p. 103. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: W.F. Paterson, Chairman, Society of Archer-Antiquaries. Letters, 5 May 1976. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.

web.archive.org

Kaiser 1980. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 footnote 5, citing "The Berkhamsted Bow", Antiquaries Journal 11 (London), p. 423 Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 footnote 6, citing Major Richard G. Bartelot, Assistant Historical Secretary, Royal Artillery Institution, Old Military Academy, Woolwich, England. Letter, 16 February 1976 Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Staff 2007, p. 6. Staff (2007). "The Ship – Armament – Bows" (10 pages ed.). The Mary Rose Trust. pp. 6, 7. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008.
Banks, Gavin (January 2010). "It had to be yew". Field and Roving Archery Society. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
Staff 2007, p. 7. Staff (2007). "The Ship – Armament – Bows" (10 pages ed.). The Mary Rose Trust. pp. 6, 7. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008.
"Royal Armouries: 6. Armour-piercing arrowheads". Archived from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2008.
Bane 2006. Bane, Matheus (2006). "English Longbow Testing against various armor circa 1400" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
Cummins 2006. Cummins, Josephine (November 2006). "Saving Prince Hal: maxillo-facial surgery, 1403" (PDF). Dental History Magazine (19). Glasgow, Scotland: History of Dentistry Research Group, University of Glasgow. ISSN 1756-1728. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
Kaiser 1980 cites: Gordon, Henry; Webb, Alf (1972). "The Hedgeley Moor Bow at Alnwick Castle". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 15: 8, 9. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: Gordon, Paul H. (1939). The New Archery. New York: D. Appleton-Century Co. p. 183. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: Ford, Horace (1887). The Theory and Practice of Archery. London: Longman Green and Co. p. 3.. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: McKee, Alexander (1974). King Henry VIII's Mary Rose. New York: Stein and Day. p. 103. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
Kaiser 1980 cites: W.F. Paterson, Chairman, Society of Archer-Antiquaries. Letters, 5 May 1976. Kaiser, Robert E. (1980). "The Medieval English Longbow". Journal of the Society of Archer-Antiquaries. 23. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.

worldarchery.sport

"World Records".

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Davies, Jonathan (2002). "'A Combersome Tying Weapon in a Throng of Men': The Decline of the Longbow in Elizabethan England". Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research. 80 (321): 16–31. ISSN 0037-9700. JSTOR 44230774.
Magier et al. 2017, pp. 73, 77, 81, 84. Magier, Mariusz; Nowak, Adrian; et al. (2017). "Numerical Analysis of English Bows used in Battle of Crécy". Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia. 142 (2): 69–85. doi:10.5604/01.3001.0010.5152. ISSN 1230-3801.
Wilson, Thomas (1901). "Arrow Wounds". American Anthropologist. 3 (3): 513–531. doi:10.1525/aa.1901.3.3.02a00070. ISSN 1548-1433. JSTOR 659204.
Cummins 2006. Cummins, Josephine (November 2006). "Saving Prince Hal: maxillo-facial surgery, 1403" (PDF). Dental History Magazine (19). Glasgow, Scotland: History of Dentistry Research Group, University of Glasgow. ISSN 1756-1728. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2012.

youtube.com

"412.82 m English Longbow Flight shooting World Record – Mónus". YouTube. 29 November 2017.
"ARROWS vs ARMOUR – Medieval Myth Busting". YouTube. 29 August 2019.