Enzyme (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Enzyme" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

108nih.gov

4^th place

84doi.org

2^nd place

17semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

15harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

7books.google.com

3^rd place

5web.archive.org

1^st place

3nobelprize.org

301^st place

478^th place

3worldcat.org

5^th place

3qmul.ac.uk

1,735^th place

3,129^th place

2bnf.fr

124^th place

544^th place

2gmo-compass.org

low place

1scientificamerican.com

896^th place

674^th place

1virginia.edu

1,041^st place

733^rd place

1ebi.ac.uk

5,849^th place

7,886^th place

1archive.org

6^th place

1osti.gov

2,036^th place

1,254^th place

1brenda-enzymes.org

low place

1dtu.dk

low place

8,755^th place

1genome.gov

9,308^th place

8,899^th place

archive.org

Cooper GM (2000). "Chapter 2.2: The Central Role of Enzymes as Biological Catalysts". The Cell: a Molecular Approach (2nd ed.). Washington (DC ): ASM Press. ISBN 0-87893-106-6.

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

de Réaumur RA (1752). "Observations sur la digestion des oiseaux". Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences (in French). 1752: 266, 461.
Fischer E (1894). "Einfluss der Configuration auf die Wirkung der Enzyme" [Influence of configuration on the action of enzymes]. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin (in German). 27 (3): 2985–93. doi:10.1002/cber.18940270364. From page 2992: "Um ein Bild zu gebrauchen, will ich sagen, dass Enzym und Glucosid wie Schloss und Schlüssel zu einander passen müssen, um eine chemische Wirkung auf einander ausüben zu können." (To use an image, I will say that an enzyme and a glucoside [i.e., glucose derivative] must fit like a lock and key, in order to be able to exert a chemical effect on each other.)

books.google.com

Payen A, Persoz JF (1833). "Mémoire sur la diastase, les principaux produits de ses réactions et leurs applications aux arts industriels" [Memoir on diastase, the principal products of its reactions, and their applications to the industrial arts]. Annales de chimie et de physique. 2nd (in French). 53: 73–92.
Kühne coined the word "enzyme" in: Kühne W (1877). "Über das Verhalten verschiedener organisirter und sog. ungeformter Fermente" [On the behavior of various organized and so-called unformed ferments]. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorisch-medicinischen Vereins zu Heidelberg. new series (in German). 1 (3): 190–193. Relevant passage on page 190: "Um Missverständnissen vorzubeugen und lästige Umschreibungen zu vermeiden schlägt Vortragender vor, die ungeformten oder nicht organisirten Fermente, deren Wirkung ohne Anwesenheit von Organismen und ausserhalb derselben erfolgen kann, als Enzyme zu bezeichnen." (Translation: In order to obviate misunderstandings and avoid cumbersome periphrases, [the author, a university lecturer] suggests designating as "enzymes" the unformed or not organized ferments, whose action can occur without the presence of organisms and outside of the same.)
Holmes FL (2003). "Enzymes". In Heilbron JL (ed.). The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 270. ISBN 9780199743766.
The naming of enzymes by adding the suffix "-ase" to the substrate on which the enzyme acts, has been traced to French scientist Émile Duclaux (1840–1904), who intended to honor the discoverers of diastase – the first enzyme to be isolated – by introducing this practice in his book Duclaux E (1899). Traité de microbiologie: Diastases, toxines et venins [Microbiology Treatise: diastases, toxins and venoms] (in French). Paris, France: Masson and Co. See Chapter 1, especially page 9.
Petsko GA, Ringe D (2003). "Chapter 1: From sequence to structure". Protein structure and function. London: New Science. p. 27. ISBN 978-1405119221.
Krauss G (2003). "The Regulations of Enzyme Activity". Biochemistry of Signal Transduction and Regulation (3rd ed.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. pp. 89–114. ISBN 9783527605767.
McArdle WD, Katch F, Katch VL (2006). "Chapter 9: The Pulmonary System and Exercise". Essentials of Exercise Physiology (3rd ed.). Baltimore, Maryland: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 312–3. ISBN 978-0781749916.

brenda-enzymes.org

"BRENDA The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System". Technische Universität Braunschweig. Retrieved 23 February 2015.

doi.org

Murphy JM, Farhan H, Eyers PA (April 2017). "Bio-Zombie: the rise of pseudoenzymes in biology". Biochemical Society Transactions. 45 (2): 537–544. doi:10.1042/bst20160400. PMID 28408493.
Murphy JM, Zhang Q, Young SN, Reese ML, Bailey FP, Eyers PA, et al. (January 2014). "A robust methodology to subclassify pseudokinases based on their nucleotide-binding properties". The Biochemical Journal. 457 (2): 323–334. doi:10.1042/BJ20131174. PMC 5679212. PMID 24107129.
Schomburg I, Chang A, Placzek S, Söhngen C, Rother M, Lang M, et al. (January 2013). "BRENDA in 2013: integrated reactions, kinetic data, enzyme function data, improved disease classification: new options and contents in BRENDA". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (Database issue): D764 – D772. doi:10.1093/nar/gks1049. PMC 3531171. PMID 23203881.
Radzicka A, Wolfenden R (January 1995). "A proficient enzyme". Science. 267 (5194): 90–93. Bibcode:1995Sci...267...90R. doi:10.1126/science.7809611. PMID 7809611. S2CID 8145198.
Callahan BP, Miller BG (December 2007). "OMP decarboxylase--An enigma persists". Bioorganic Chemistry. 35 (6): 465–469. doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2007.07.004. PMID 17889251.
Manchester KL (December 1995). "Louis Pasteur (1822–1895)--chance and the prepared mind". Trends in Biotechnology. 13 (12): 511–515. doi:10.1016/S0167-7799(00)89014-9. PMID 8595136.
Willstätter R (1927). "Faraday lecture. Problems and methods in enzyme research". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 1359–1381. doi:10.1039/JR9270001359. quoted in Blow D (April 2000). "So do we understand how enzymes work?". Structure. 8 (4): R77 – R81. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00125-8. PMID 10801479.
Blake CC, Koenig DF, Mair GA, North AC, Phillips DC, Sarma VR (May 1965). "Structure of hen egg-white lysozyme. A three-dimensional Fourier synthesis at 2 Angstrom resolution". Nature. 206 (4986): 757–761. Bibcode:1965Natur.206..757B. doi:10.1038/206757a0. PMID 5891407. S2CID 4161467.
Johnson LN, Petsko GA (July 1999). "David Phillips and the origin of structural enzymology". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 24 (7): 287–289. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(99)01423-1. PMID 10390620.
Mulder NJ (28 September 2007). "Protein Family Databases". eLS. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. pp. a0003058.pub2. doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0003058.pub2. ISBN 978-0-470-01617-6.
Omelchenko MV, Galperin MY, Wolf YI, Koonin EV (April 2010). "Non-homologous isofunctional enzymes: a systematic analysis of alternative solutions in enzyme evolution". Biology Direct. 5 (1): 31. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-5-31. PMC 2876114. PMID 20433725.
Anfinsen CB (July 1973). "Principles that govern the folding of protein chains". Science. 181 (4096): 223–230. Bibcode:1973Sci...181..223A. doi:10.1126/science.181.4096.223. PMID 4124164.
Dunaway-Mariano D (November 2008). "Enzyme function discovery". Structure. 16 (11): 1599–1600. doi:10.1016/j.str.2008.10.001. PMID 19000810.
Chen LH, Kenyon GL, Curtin F, Harayama S, Bembenek ME, Hajipour G, et al. (September 1992). "4-Oxalocrotonate tautomerase, an enzyme composed of 62 amino acid residues per monomer". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (25): 17716–17721. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)37101-7. PMID 1339435.
Smith S (December 1994). "The animal fatty acid synthase: one gene, one polypeptide, seven enzymes". FASEB Journal. 8 (15): 1248–1259. doi:10.1096/fasebj.8.15.8001737. PMID 8001737. S2CID 22853095.
Jaeger KE, Eggert T (August 2004). "Enantioselective biocatalysis optimized by directed evolution". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 15 (4): 305–313. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2004.06.007. PMID 15358000.
Shevelev IV, Hübscher U (May 2002). "The 3' 5' exonucleases". Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology. 3 (5): 364–376. doi:10.1038/nrm804. PMID 11988770. S2CID 31605786.
Zenkin N, Yuzenkova Y, Severinov K (July 2006). "Transcript-assisted transcriptional proofreading". Science. 313 (5786): 518–520. Bibcode:2006Sci...313..518Z. doi:10.1126/science.1127422. PMID 16873663. S2CID 40772789.
Ibba M, Soll D (2000). "Aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 69: 617–650. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.617. PMID 10966471.
Rodnina MV, Wintermeyer W (2001). "Fidelity of aminoacyl-tRNA selection on the ribosome: kinetic and structural mechanisms". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 70: 415–435. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.70.1.415. PMID 11395413.
Khersonsky O, Tawfik DS (2010). "Enzyme promiscuity: a mechanistic and evolutionary perspective". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 79: 471–505. doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-030409-143718. PMID 20235827.
O'Brien PJ, Herschlag D (April 1999). "Catalytic promiscuity and the evolution of new enzymatic activities". Chemistry & Biology. 6 (4): R91 – R105. doi:10.1016/S1074-5521(99)80033-7. PMID 10099128.
Fischer E (1894). "Einfluss der Configuration auf die Wirkung der Enzyme" [Influence of configuration on the action of enzymes]. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin (in German). 27 (3): 2985–93. doi:10.1002/cber.18940270364. From page 2992: "Um ein Bild zu gebrauchen, will ich sagen, dass Enzym und Glucosid wie Schloss und Schlüssel zu einander passen müssen, um eine chemische Wirkung auf einander ausüben zu können." (To use an image, I will say that an enzyme and a glucoside [i.e., glucose derivative] must fit like a lock and key, in order to be able to exert a chemical effect on each other.)
Koshland DE (February 1958). "Application of a Theory of Enzyme Specificity to Protein Synthesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 44 (2): 98–104. Bibcode:1958PNAS...44...98K. doi:10.1073/pnas.44.2.98. PMC 335371. PMID 16590179.
Vasella A, Davies GJ, Böhm M (October 2002). "Glycosidase mechanisms". Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. 6 (5): 619–629. doi:10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00380-0. PMID 12413546.
Savir Y, Tlusty T (May 2007). Scalas E (ed.). "Conformational proofreading: the impact of conformational changes on the specificity of molecular recognition". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e468. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..468S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000468. PMC 1868595. PMID 17520027.
Warshel A, Sharma PK, Kato M, Xiang Y, Liu H, Olsson MH (August 2006). "Electrostatic basis for enzyme catalysis". Chemical Reviews. 106 (8): 3210–3235. doi:10.1021/cr0503106. PMID 16895325.
Benkovic SJ, Hammes-Schiffer S (August 2003). "A perspective on enzyme catalysis". Science. 301 (5637): 1196–1202. Bibcode:2003Sci...301.1196B. doi:10.1126/science.1085515. PMID 12947189. S2CID 7899320.
Villa J, Strajbl M, Glennon TM, Sham YY, Chu ZT, Warshel A (October 2000). "How important are entropic contributions to enzyme catalysis?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (22): 11899–11904. Bibcode:2000PNAS...9711899V. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.22.11899. PMC 17266. PMID 11050223.
Polgár L (October 2005). "The catalytic triad of serine peptidases". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 62 (19–20): 2161–2172. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5160-x. PMC 11139141. PMID 16003488. S2CID 3343824.
Ramanathan A, Savol A, Burger V, Chennubhotla CS, Agarwal PK (January 2014). "Protein conformational populations and functionally relevant substates". Accounts of Chemical Research. 47 (1): 149–156. doi:10.1021/ar400084s. OSTI 1565147. PMID 23988159.
Agrawal D, Budakoti M, Kumar V (September 2023). "Strategies and tools for the biotechnological valorization of glycerol to 1, 3-propanediol: Challenges, recent advancements and future outlook". Biotechnology Advances. 66: 108177. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108177. PMID 37209955.
Selvy PE, Lavieri RR, Lindsley CW, Brown HA (October 2011). "Phospholipase D: enzymology, functionality, and chemical modulation". Chemical Reviews. 111 (10): 6064–6119. doi:10.1021/cr200296t. PMC 3233269. PMID 21936578.
Tsai CJ, Del Sol A, Nussinov R (March 2009). "Protein allostery, signal transmission and dynamics: a classification scheme of allosteric mechanisms". Molecular BioSystems. 5 (3): 207–216. doi:10.1039/b819720b. PMC 2898650. PMID 19225609.
Changeux JP, Edelstein SJ (June 2005). "Allosteric mechanisms of signal transduction". Science. 308 (5727): 1424–1428. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1424C. doi:10.1126/science.1108595. PMID 15933191. S2CID 10621930.
Chapman-Smith A, Cronan JE (September 1999). "The enzymatic biotinylation of proteins: a post-translational modification of exceptional specificity". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 24 (9): 359–363. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(99)01438-3. PMID 10470036.
Fisher Z, Hernandez Prada JA, Tu C, Duda D, Yoshioka C, An H, et al. (February 2005). "Structural and kinetic characterization of active-site histidine as a proton shuttle in catalysis by human carbonic anhydrase II". Biochemistry. 44 (4): 1097–1105. doi:10.1021/bi0480279. PMID 15667203.
Törnroth-Horsefield S, Neutze R (December 2008). "Opening and closing the metabolite gate". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (50): 19565–19566. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10519565T. doi:10.1073/pnas.0810654106. PMC 2604989. PMID 19073922.
Michaelis L, Menten M (1913). "Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung" [The Kinetics of Invertase Action]. Biochem. Z. (in German). 49: 333–369.; Michaelis L, Menten ML, Johnson KA, Goody RS (October 2011). "The original Michaelis constant: translation of the 1913 Michaelis-Menten paper". Biochemistry. 50 (39): 8264–8269. doi:10.1021/bi201284u. PMC 3381512. PMID 21888353.
Briggs GE, Haldane JB (1925). "A Note on the Kinetics of Enzyme Action". The Biochemical Journal. 19 (2): 338–339. doi:10.1042/bj0190338. PMC 1259181. PMID 16743508.
Bar-Even A, Noor E, Savir Y, Liebermeister W, Davidi D, Tawfik DS, et al. (May 2011). "The moderately efficient enzyme: evolutionary and physicochemical trends shaping enzyme parameters". Biochemistry. 50 (21): 4402–4410. doi:10.1021/bi2002289. PMID 21506553.
Ellis RJ (October 2001). "Macromolecular crowding: obvious but underappreciated". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 26 (10): 597–604. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(01)01938-7. PMID 11590012.
Kopelman R (September 1988). "Fractal reaction kinetics". Science. 241 (4873): 1620–1626. Bibcode:1988Sci...241.1620K. doi:10.1126/science.241.4873.1620. PMID 17820893. S2CID 23465446.
Price NC (1979). "What is meant by 'competitive inhibition'?". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 4 (11): N272 – N273. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(79)90205-6.
Goodsell DS (1 August 1999). "The molecular perspective: methotrexate". The Oncologist. 4 (4): 340–341. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.4-4-340. PMID 10476546.
Wu P, Clausen MH, Nielsen TE (December 2015). "Allosteric small-molecule kinase inhibitors" (PDF). Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 156: 59–68. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.10.002. PMID 26478442. S2CID 1550698.
Cornish-Bowden A (July 1986). "Why is uncompetitive inhibition so rare? A possible explanation, with implications for the design of drugs and pesticides". FEBS Letters. 203 (1): 3–6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(86)81424-7. PMID 3720956. S2CID 45356060.
Strelow JM (January 2017). "A Perspective on the Kinetics of Covalent and Irreversible Inhibition". SLAS Discovery. 22 (1): 3–20. doi:10.1177/1087057116671509. PMID 27703080.
Fisher JF, Meroueh SO, Mobashery S (February 2005). "Bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics: compelling opportunism, compelling opportunity". Chemical Reviews. 105 (2): 395–424. doi:10.1021/cr030102i. PMID 15700950.
Johnson DS, Weerapana E, Cravatt BF (June 2010). "Strategies for discovering and derisking covalent, irreversible enzyme inhibitors". Future Medicinal Chemistry. 2 (6): 949–964. doi:10.4155/fmc.10.21. PMC 2904065. PMID 20640225.
Endo A (November 1992). "The discovery and development of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors". Journal of Lipid Research. 33 (11): 1569–1582. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41379-3. PMID 1464741.
Wlodawer A, Vondrasek J (1998). "Inhibitors of HIV-1 protease: a major success of structure-assisted drug design". Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure. 27: 249–284. doi:10.1146/annurev.biophys.27.1.249. PMID 9646869. S2CID 10205781.
Yoshikawa S, Caughey WS (May 1990). "Infrared evidence of cyanide binding to iron and copper sites in bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase. Implications regarding oxygen reduction". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (14): 7945–7958. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39023-4. PMID 2159465.
Hunter T (January 1995). "Protein kinases and phosphatases: the yin and yang of protein phosphorylation and signaling". Cell. 80 (2): 225–236. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90405-0. PMID 7834742. S2CID 13999125.
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE (April 2001). "A millennial myosin census". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 12 (4): 780–794. doi:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780. PMC 32266. PMID 11294886.
Meighen EA (March 1991). "Molecular biology of bacterial bioluminescence". Microbiological Reviews. 55 (1): 123–142. doi:10.1128/MMBR.55.1.123-142.1991. PMC 372803. PMID 2030669.
De Clercq E (April 2002). "Highlights in the development of new antiviral agents". Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry. 2 (2): 163–175. doi:10.2174/1389557024605474. PMID 12370077.
Mackie RI, White BA (October 1990). "Recent advances in rumen microbial ecology and metabolism: potential impact on nutrient output". Journal of Dairy Science. 73 (10): 2971–2995. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78986-2. PMID 2178174.
Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ (April 2009). "Cyclooxygenases: structural and functional insights". Journal of Lipid Research. 50 (Suppl): S29 – S34. doi:10.1194/jlr.R800042-JLR200. PMC 2674713. PMID 18952571.
Doble BW, Woodgett JR (April 2003). "GSK-3: tricks of the trade for a multi-tasking kinase". Journal of Cell Science. 116 (Pt 7): 1175–1186. doi:10.1242/jcs.00384. PMC 3006448. PMID 12615961.
Bennett PM, Chopra I (February 1993). "Molecular basis of beta-lactamase induction in bacteria". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 37 (2): 153–158. doi:10.1128/aac.37.2.153. PMC 187630. PMID 8452343.
Faergeman NJ, Knudsen J (April 1997). "Role of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters in the regulation of metabolism and in cell signalling". The Biochemical Journal. 323 (Pt 1): 1–12. doi:10.1042/bj3230001. PMC 1218279. PMID 9173866.
Noree C, Sato BK, Broyer RM, Wilhelm JE (August 2010). "Identification of novel filament-forming proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster". The Journal of Cell Biology. 190 (4): 541–551. doi:10.1083/jcb.201003001. PMC 2928026. PMID 20713603.
Aughey GN, Liu JL (2015). "Metabolic regulation via enzyme filamentation". Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 51 (4): 282–293. doi:10.3109/10409238.2016.1172555. PMC 4915340. PMID 27098510.
Kamata K, Mitsuya M, Nishimura T, Eiki J, Nagata Y (March 2004). "Structural basis for allosteric regulation of the monomeric allosteric enzyme human glucokinase". Structure. 12 (3): 429–438. doi:10.1016/j.str.2004.02.005. PMID 15016359.
Froguel P, Zouali H, Vionnet N, Velho G, Vaxillaire M, Sun F, et al. (March 1993). "Familial hyperglycemia due to mutations in glucokinase. Definition of a subtype of diabetes mellitus". The New England Journal of Medicine. 328 (10): 697–702. doi:10.1056/NEJM199303113281005. PMID 8433729.
Okada S, O'Brien JS (August 1969). "Tay-Sachs disease: generalized absence of a beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase component". Science. 165 (3894): 698–700. Bibcode:1969Sci...165..698O. doi:10.1126/science.165.3894.698. PMID 5793973. S2CID 8473726.
Erlandsen H, Stevens RC (October 1999). "The structural basis of phenylketonuria". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 68 (2): 103–125. doi:10.1006/mgme.1999.2922. PMID 10527663.
Flatmark T, Stevens RC (August 1999). "Structural Insight into the Aromatic Amino Acid Hydroxylases and Their Disease-Related Mutant Forms". Chemical Reviews. 99 (8): 2137–2160. doi:10.1021/cr980450y. PMID 11849022.
Fieker A, Philpott J, Armand M (2011). "Enzyme replacement therapy for pancreatic insufficiency: present and future". Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology. 4: 55–73. doi:10.2147/CEG.S17634. PMC 3132852. PMID 21753892.
Misselwitz B, Pohl D, Frühauf H, Fried M, Vavricka SR, Fox M (June 2013). "Lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment". United European Gastroenterology Journal. 1 (3): 151–159. doi:10.1177/2050640613484463. PMC 4040760. PMID 24917953.
Cleaver JE (May 1968). "Defective repair replication of DNA in xeroderma pigmentosum". Nature. 218 (5142): 652–656. Bibcode:1968Natur.218..652C. doi:10.1038/218652a0. PMID 5655953. S2CID 4171859.
Murzin AG (November 1993). "Can homologous proteins evolve different enzymatic activities?". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 18 (11): 403–405. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(93)90132-7. PMID 8291080.
Ochoa D, Bradley D, Beltrao P (February 2018). "Evolution, dynamics and dysregulation of kinase signalling". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 48: 133–140. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2017.12.008. PMID 29316484.
Renugopalakrishnan V, Garduño-Juárez R, Narasimhan G, Verma CS, Wei X, Li P (November 2005). "Rational design of thermally stable proteins: relevance to bionanotechnology". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 5 (11): 1759–1767. doi:10.1166/jnn.2005.441. PMID 16433409.
Hult K, Berglund P (August 2003). "Engineered enzymes for improved organic synthesis". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 14 (4): 395–400. doi:10.1016/S0958-1669(03)00095-8. PMID 12943848.
Jiang L, Althoff EA, Clemente FR, Doyle L, Röthlisberger D, Zanghellini A, et al. (March 2008). "De novo computational design of retro-aldol enzymes". Science. 319 (5868): 1387–1391. Bibcode:2008Sci...319.1387J. doi:10.1126/science.1152692. PMC 3431203. PMID 18323453.
Sun Y, Cheng J (May 2002). "Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production: a review". Bioresource Technology. 83 (1): 1–11. Bibcode:2002BiTec..83....1S. doi:10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00212-7. PMID 12058826.
Kirk O, Borchert TV, Fuglsang CC (August 2002). "Industrial enzyme applications". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 13 (4): 345–351. doi:10.1016/S0958-1669(02)00328-2. PMID 12323357.
Dulieu C, Moll M, Boudrant J, Poncelet D (2000). "Improved performances and control of beer fermentation using encapsulated alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase and modeling". Biotechnology Progress. 16 (6): 958–965. doi:10.1021/bp000128k. PMID 11101321. S2CID 25674881.
Molimard P, Spinnler HE (February 1996). "Review: Compounds Involved in the Flavor of Surface Mold-Ripened Cheeses: Origins and Properties". Journal of Dairy Science. 79 (2): 169–184. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76348-8.
Guzmán-Maldonado H, Paredes-López O (September 1995). "Amylolytic enzymes and products derived from starch: a review". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 35 (5): 373–403. doi:10.1080/10408399509527706. PMID 8573280.
Alkorta I, Garbisu C, Llama MJ, Serra JL (January 1998). "Industrial applications of pectic enzymes: a review". Process Biochemistry. 33 (1): 21–28. doi:10.1016/S0032-9592(97)00046-0.
Bajpai P (March 1999). "Application of enzymes in the pulp and paper industry". Biotechnology Progress. 15 (2): 147–157. doi:10.1021/bp990013k. PMID 10194388. S2CID 26080240.

dtu.dk

backend.orbit.dtu.dk

Wu P, Clausen MH, Nielsen TE (December 2015). "Allosteric small-molecule kinase inhibitors" (PDF). Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 156: 59–68. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.10.002. PMID 26478442. S2CID 1550698.

ebi.ac.uk

"The Catalytic Site Atlas". The European Bioinformatics Institute. Archived from the original on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2007.

genome.gov

"Learning About Tay–Sachs Disease". U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute. Retrieved 1 March 2015.

gmo-compass.org

"Chymosin – GMO Database". GMO Compass. European Union. 10 July 2010. Archived from the original on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
"Protease – GMO Database". GMO Compass. European Union. 10 July 2010. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 28 February 2015.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Radzicka A, Wolfenden R (January 1995). "A proficient enzyme". Science. 267 (5194): 90–93. Bibcode:1995Sci...267...90R. doi:10.1126/science.7809611. PMID 7809611. S2CID 8145198.
Blake CC, Koenig DF, Mair GA, North AC, Phillips DC, Sarma VR (May 1965). "Structure of hen egg-white lysozyme. A three-dimensional Fourier synthesis at 2 Angstrom resolution". Nature. 206 (4986): 757–761. Bibcode:1965Natur.206..757B. doi:10.1038/206757a0. PMID 5891407. S2CID 4161467.
Anfinsen CB (July 1973). "Principles that govern the folding of protein chains". Science. 181 (4096): 223–230. Bibcode:1973Sci...181..223A. doi:10.1126/science.181.4096.223. PMID 4124164.
Zenkin N, Yuzenkova Y, Severinov K (July 2006). "Transcript-assisted transcriptional proofreading". Science. 313 (5786): 518–520. Bibcode:2006Sci...313..518Z. doi:10.1126/science.1127422. PMID 16873663. S2CID 40772789.
Koshland DE (February 1958). "Application of a Theory of Enzyme Specificity to Protein Synthesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 44 (2): 98–104. Bibcode:1958PNAS...44...98K. doi:10.1073/pnas.44.2.98. PMC 335371. PMID 16590179.
Savir Y, Tlusty T (May 2007). Scalas E (ed.). "Conformational proofreading: the impact of conformational changes on the specificity of molecular recognition". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e468. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..468S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000468. PMC 1868595. PMID 17520027.
Benkovic SJ, Hammes-Schiffer S (August 2003). "A perspective on enzyme catalysis". Science. 301 (5637): 1196–1202. Bibcode:2003Sci...301.1196B. doi:10.1126/science.1085515. PMID 12947189. S2CID 7899320.
Villa J, Strajbl M, Glennon TM, Sham YY, Chu ZT, Warshel A (October 2000). "How important are entropic contributions to enzyme catalysis?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (22): 11899–11904. Bibcode:2000PNAS...9711899V. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.22.11899. PMC 17266. PMID 11050223.
Changeux JP, Edelstein SJ (June 2005). "Allosteric mechanisms of signal transduction". Science. 308 (5727): 1424–1428. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1424C. doi:10.1126/science.1108595. PMID 15933191. S2CID 10621930.
Törnroth-Horsefield S, Neutze R (December 2008). "Opening and closing the metabolite gate". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (50): 19565–19566. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10519565T. doi:10.1073/pnas.0810654106. PMC 2604989. PMID 19073922.
Kopelman R (September 1988). "Fractal reaction kinetics". Science. 241 (4873): 1620–1626. Bibcode:1988Sci...241.1620K. doi:10.1126/science.241.4873.1620. PMID 17820893. S2CID 23465446.
Okada S, O'Brien JS (August 1969). "Tay-Sachs disease: generalized absence of a beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase component". Science. 165 (3894): 698–700. Bibcode:1969Sci...165..698O. doi:10.1126/science.165.3894.698. PMID 5793973. S2CID 8473726.
Cleaver JE (May 1968). "Defective repair replication of DNA in xeroderma pigmentosum". Nature. 218 (5142): 652–656. Bibcode:1968Natur.218..652C. doi:10.1038/218652a0. PMID 5655953. S2CID 4171859.
Jiang L, Althoff EA, Clemente FR, Doyle L, Röthlisberger D, Zanghellini A, et al. (March 2008). "De novo computational design of retro-aldol enzymes". Science. 319 (5868): 1387–1391. Bibcode:2008Sci...319.1387J. doi:10.1126/science.1152692. PMC 3431203. PMID 18323453.
Sun Y, Cheng J (May 2002). "Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production: a review". Bioresource Technology. 83 (1): 1–11. Bibcode:2002BiTec..83....1S. doi:10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00212-7. PMID 12058826.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Murphy JM, Farhan H, Eyers PA (April 2017). "Bio-Zombie: the rise of pseudoenzymes in biology". Biochemical Society Transactions. 45 (2): 537–544. doi:10.1042/bst20160400. PMID 28408493.
Murphy JM, Zhang Q, Young SN, Reese ML, Bailey FP, Eyers PA, et al. (January 2014). "A robust methodology to subclassify pseudokinases based on their nucleotide-binding properties". The Biochemical Journal. 457 (2): 323–334. doi:10.1042/BJ20131174. PMC 5679212. PMID 24107129.
Schomburg I, Chang A, Placzek S, Söhngen C, Rother M, Lang M, et al. (January 2013). "BRENDA in 2013: integrated reactions, kinetic data, enzyme function data, improved disease classification: new options and contents in BRENDA". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (Database issue): D764 – D772. doi:10.1093/nar/gks1049. PMC 3531171. PMID 23203881.
Radzicka A, Wolfenden R (January 1995). "A proficient enzyme". Science. 267 (5194): 90–93. Bibcode:1995Sci...267...90R. doi:10.1126/science.7809611. PMID 7809611. S2CID 8145198.
Callahan BP, Miller BG (December 2007). "OMP decarboxylase--An enigma persists". Bioorganic Chemistry. 35 (6): 465–469. doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2007.07.004. PMID 17889251.
Manchester KL (December 1995). "Louis Pasteur (1822–1895)--chance and the prepared mind". Trends in Biotechnology. 13 (12): 511–515. doi:10.1016/S0167-7799(00)89014-9. PMID 8595136.
Willstätter R (1927). "Faraday lecture. Problems and methods in enzyme research". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 1359–1381. doi:10.1039/JR9270001359. quoted in Blow D (April 2000). "So do we understand how enzymes work?". Structure. 8 (4): R77 – R81. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00125-8. PMID 10801479.
Blake CC, Koenig DF, Mair GA, North AC, Phillips DC, Sarma VR (May 1965). "Structure of hen egg-white lysozyme. A three-dimensional Fourier synthesis at 2 Angstrom resolution". Nature. 206 (4986): 757–761. Bibcode:1965Natur.206..757B. doi:10.1038/206757a0. PMID 5891407. S2CID 4161467.
Johnson LN, Petsko GA (July 1999). "David Phillips and the origin of structural enzymology". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 24 (7): 287–289. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(99)01423-1. PMID 10390620.
Omelchenko MV, Galperin MY, Wolf YI, Koonin EV (April 2010). "Non-homologous isofunctional enzymes: a systematic analysis of alternative solutions in enzyme evolution". Biology Direct. 5 (1): 31. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-5-31. PMC 2876114. PMID 20433725.
Anfinsen CB (July 1973). "Principles that govern the folding of protein chains". Science. 181 (4096): 223–230. Bibcode:1973Sci...181..223A. doi:10.1126/science.181.4096.223. PMID 4124164.
Dunaway-Mariano D (November 2008). "Enzyme function discovery". Structure. 16 (11): 1599–1600. doi:10.1016/j.str.2008.10.001. PMID 19000810.
Chen LH, Kenyon GL, Curtin F, Harayama S, Bembenek ME, Hajipour G, et al. (September 1992). "4-Oxalocrotonate tautomerase, an enzyme composed of 62 amino acid residues per monomer". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (25): 17716–17721. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)37101-7. PMID 1339435.
Smith S (December 1994). "The animal fatty acid synthase: one gene, one polypeptide, seven enzymes". FASEB Journal. 8 (15): 1248–1259. doi:10.1096/fasebj.8.15.8001737. PMID 8001737. S2CID 22853095.
Jaeger KE, Eggert T (August 2004). "Enantioselective biocatalysis optimized by directed evolution". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 15 (4): 305–313. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2004.06.007. PMID 15358000.
Shevelev IV, Hübscher U (May 2002). "The 3' 5' exonucleases". Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology. 3 (5): 364–376. doi:10.1038/nrm804. PMID 11988770. S2CID 31605786.
Zenkin N, Yuzenkova Y, Severinov K (July 2006). "Transcript-assisted transcriptional proofreading". Science. 313 (5786): 518–520. Bibcode:2006Sci...313..518Z. doi:10.1126/science.1127422. PMID 16873663. S2CID 40772789.
Ibba M, Soll D (2000). "Aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 69: 617–650. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.617. PMID 10966471.
Rodnina MV, Wintermeyer W (2001). "Fidelity of aminoacyl-tRNA selection on the ribosome: kinetic and structural mechanisms". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 70: 415–435. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.70.1.415. PMID 11395413.
Khersonsky O, Tawfik DS (2010). "Enzyme promiscuity: a mechanistic and evolutionary perspective". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 79: 471–505. doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-030409-143718. PMID 20235827.
O'Brien PJ, Herschlag D (April 1999). "Catalytic promiscuity and the evolution of new enzymatic activities". Chemistry & Biology. 6 (4): R91 – R105. doi:10.1016/S1074-5521(99)80033-7. PMID 10099128.
Koshland DE (February 1958). "Application of a Theory of Enzyme Specificity to Protein Synthesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 44 (2): 98–104. Bibcode:1958PNAS...44...98K. doi:10.1073/pnas.44.2.98. PMC 335371. PMID 16590179.
Vasella A, Davies GJ, Böhm M (October 2002). "Glycosidase mechanisms". Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. 6 (5): 619–629. doi:10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00380-0. PMID 12413546.
Savir Y, Tlusty T (May 2007). Scalas E (ed.). "Conformational proofreading: the impact of conformational changes on the specificity of molecular recognition". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e468. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..468S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000468. PMC 1868595. PMID 17520027.
Warshel A, Sharma PK, Kato M, Xiang Y, Liu H, Olsson MH (August 2006). "Electrostatic basis for enzyme catalysis". Chemical Reviews. 106 (8): 3210–3235. doi:10.1021/cr0503106. PMID 16895325.
Benkovic SJ, Hammes-Schiffer S (August 2003). "A perspective on enzyme catalysis". Science. 301 (5637): 1196–1202. Bibcode:2003Sci...301.1196B. doi:10.1126/science.1085515. PMID 12947189. S2CID 7899320.
Villa J, Strajbl M, Glennon TM, Sham YY, Chu ZT, Warshel A (October 2000). "How important are entropic contributions to enzyme catalysis?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (22): 11899–11904. Bibcode:2000PNAS...9711899V. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.22.11899. PMC 17266. PMID 11050223.
Polgár L (October 2005). "The catalytic triad of serine peptidases". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 62 (19–20): 2161–2172. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5160-x. PMC 11139141. PMID 16003488. S2CID 3343824.
Ramanathan A, Savol A, Burger V, Chennubhotla CS, Agarwal PK (January 2014). "Protein conformational populations and functionally relevant substates". Accounts of Chemical Research. 47 (1): 149–156. doi:10.1021/ar400084s. OSTI 1565147. PMID 23988159.
Agrawal D, Budakoti M, Kumar V (September 2023). "Strategies and tools for the biotechnological valorization of glycerol to 1, 3-propanediol: Challenges, recent advancements and future outlook". Biotechnology Advances. 66: 108177. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108177. PMID 37209955.
Selvy PE, Lavieri RR, Lindsley CW, Brown HA (October 2011). "Phospholipase D: enzymology, functionality, and chemical modulation". Chemical Reviews. 111 (10): 6064–6119. doi:10.1021/cr200296t. PMC 3233269. PMID 21936578.
Tsai CJ, Del Sol A, Nussinov R (March 2009). "Protein allostery, signal transmission and dynamics: a classification scheme of allosteric mechanisms". Molecular BioSystems. 5 (3): 207–216. doi:10.1039/b819720b. PMC 2898650. PMID 19225609.
Changeux JP, Edelstein SJ (June 2005). "Allosteric mechanisms of signal transduction". Science. 308 (5727): 1424–1428. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1424C. doi:10.1126/science.1108595. PMID 15933191. S2CID 10621930.
Chapman-Smith A, Cronan JE (September 1999). "The enzymatic biotinylation of proteins: a post-translational modification of exceptional specificity". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 24 (9): 359–363. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(99)01438-3. PMID 10470036.
Fisher Z, Hernandez Prada JA, Tu C, Duda D, Yoshioka C, An H, et al. (February 2005). "Structural and kinetic characterization of active-site histidine as a proton shuttle in catalysis by human carbonic anhydrase II". Biochemistry. 44 (4): 1097–1105. doi:10.1021/bi0480279. PMID 15667203.
Törnroth-Horsefield S, Neutze R (December 2008). "Opening and closing the metabolite gate". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (50): 19565–19566. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10519565T. doi:10.1073/pnas.0810654106. PMC 2604989. PMID 19073922.
Michaelis L, Menten M (1913). "Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung" [The Kinetics of Invertase Action]. Biochem. Z. (in German). 49: 333–369.; Michaelis L, Menten ML, Johnson KA, Goody RS (October 2011). "The original Michaelis constant: translation of the 1913 Michaelis-Menten paper". Biochemistry. 50 (39): 8264–8269. doi:10.1021/bi201284u. PMC 3381512. PMID 21888353.
Briggs GE, Haldane JB (1925). "A Note on the Kinetics of Enzyme Action". The Biochemical Journal. 19 (2): 338–339. doi:10.1042/bj0190338. PMC 1259181. PMID 16743508.
Bar-Even A, Noor E, Savir Y, Liebermeister W, Davidi D, Tawfik DS, et al. (May 2011). "The moderately efficient enzyme: evolutionary and physicochemical trends shaping enzyme parameters". Biochemistry. 50 (21): 4402–4410. doi:10.1021/bi2002289. PMID 21506553.
Ellis RJ (October 2001). "Macromolecular crowding: obvious but underappreciated". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 26 (10): 597–604. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(01)01938-7. PMID 11590012.
Kopelman R (September 1988). "Fractal reaction kinetics". Science. 241 (4873): 1620–1626. Bibcode:1988Sci...241.1620K. doi:10.1126/science.241.4873.1620. PMID 17820893. S2CID 23465446.
Goodsell DS (1 August 1999). "The molecular perspective: methotrexate". The Oncologist. 4 (4): 340–341. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.4-4-340. PMID 10476546.
Wu P, Clausen MH, Nielsen TE (December 2015). "Allosteric small-molecule kinase inhibitors" (PDF). Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 156: 59–68. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.10.002. PMID 26478442. S2CID 1550698.
Cornish-Bowden A (July 1986). "Why is uncompetitive inhibition so rare? A possible explanation, with implications for the design of drugs and pesticides". FEBS Letters. 203 (1): 3–6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(86)81424-7. PMID 3720956. S2CID 45356060.
Strelow JM (January 2017). "A Perspective on the Kinetics of Covalent and Irreversible Inhibition". SLAS Discovery. 22 (1): 3–20. doi:10.1177/1087057116671509. PMID 27703080.
Fisher JF, Meroueh SO, Mobashery S (February 2005). "Bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics: compelling opportunism, compelling opportunity". Chemical Reviews. 105 (2): 395–424. doi:10.1021/cr030102i. PMID 15700950.
Johnson DS, Weerapana E, Cravatt BF (June 2010). "Strategies for discovering and derisking covalent, irreversible enzyme inhibitors". Future Medicinal Chemistry. 2 (6): 949–964. doi:10.4155/fmc.10.21. PMC 2904065. PMID 20640225.
Endo A (November 1992). "The discovery and development of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors". Journal of Lipid Research. 33 (11): 1569–1582. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41379-3. PMID 1464741.
Wlodawer A, Vondrasek J (1998). "Inhibitors of HIV-1 protease: a major success of structure-assisted drug design". Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure. 27: 249–284. doi:10.1146/annurev.biophys.27.1.249. PMID 9646869. S2CID 10205781.
Yoshikawa S, Caughey WS (May 1990). "Infrared evidence of cyanide binding to iron and copper sites in bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase. Implications regarding oxygen reduction". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (14): 7945–7958. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39023-4. PMID 2159465.
Hunter T (January 1995). "Protein kinases and phosphatases: the yin and yang of protein phosphorylation and signaling". Cell. 80 (2): 225–236. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90405-0. PMID 7834742. S2CID 13999125.
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE (April 2001). "A millennial myosin census". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 12 (4): 780–794. doi:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780. PMC 32266. PMID 11294886.
Meighen EA (March 1991). "Molecular biology of bacterial bioluminescence". Microbiological Reviews. 55 (1): 123–142. doi:10.1128/MMBR.55.1.123-142.1991. PMC 372803. PMID 2030669.
De Clercq E (April 2002). "Highlights in the development of new antiviral agents". Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry. 2 (2): 163–175. doi:10.2174/1389557024605474. PMID 12370077.
Mackie RI, White BA (October 1990). "Recent advances in rumen microbial ecology and metabolism: potential impact on nutrient output". Journal of Dairy Science. 73 (10): 2971–2995. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78986-2. PMID 2178174.
Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ (April 2009). "Cyclooxygenases: structural and functional insights". Journal of Lipid Research. 50 (Suppl): S29 – S34. doi:10.1194/jlr.R800042-JLR200. PMC 2674713. PMID 18952571.
Doble BW, Woodgett JR (April 2003). "GSK-3: tricks of the trade for a multi-tasking kinase". Journal of Cell Science. 116 (Pt 7): 1175–1186. doi:10.1242/jcs.00384. PMC 3006448. PMID 12615961.
Bennett PM, Chopra I (February 1993). "Molecular basis of beta-lactamase induction in bacteria". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 37 (2): 153–158. doi:10.1128/aac.37.2.153. PMC 187630. PMID 8452343.
Faergeman NJ, Knudsen J (April 1997). "Role of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters in the regulation of metabolism and in cell signalling". The Biochemical Journal. 323 (Pt 1): 1–12. doi:10.1042/bj3230001. PMC 1218279. PMID 9173866.
Noree C, Sato BK, Broyer RM, Wilhelm JE (August 2010). "Identification of novel filament-forming proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster". The Journal of Cell Biology. 190 (4): 541–551. doi:10.1083/jcb.201003001. PMC 2928026. PMID 20713603.
Aughey GN, Liu JL (2015). "Metabolic regulation via enzyme filamentation". Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 51 (4): 282–293. doi:10.3109/10409238.2016.1172555. PMC 4915340. PMID 27098510.
Kamata K, Mitsuya M, Nishimura T, Eiki J, Nagata Y (March 2004). "Structural basis for allosteric regulation of the monomeric allosteric enzyme human glucokinase". Structure. 12 (3): 429–438. doi:10.1016/j.str.2004.02.005. PMID 15016359.
Froguel P, Zouali H, Vionnet N, Velho G, Vaxillaire M, Sun F, et al. (March 1993). "Familial hyperglycemia due to mutations in glucokinase. Definition of a subtype of diabetes mellitus". The New England Journal of Medicine. 328 (10): 697–702. doi:10.1056/NEJM199303113281005. PMID 8433729.
Okada S, O'Brien JS (August 1969). "Tay-Sachs disease: generalized absence of a beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase component". Science. 165 (3894): 698–700. Bibcode:1969Sci...165..698O. doi:10.1126/science.165.3894.698. PMID 5793973. S2CID 8473726.
Erlandsen H, Stevens RC (October 1999). "The structural basis of phenylketonuria". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 68 (2): 103–125. doi:10.1006/mgme.1999.2922. PMID 10527663.
Flatmark T, Stevens RC (August 1999). "Structural Insight into the Aromatic Amino Acid Hydroxylases and Their Disease-Related Mutant Forms". Chemical Reviews. 99 (8): 2137–2160. doi:10.1021/cr980450y. PMID 11849022.
Fieker A, Philpott J, Armand M (2011). "Enzyme replacement therapy for pancreatic insufficiency: present and future". Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology. 4: 55–73. doi:10.2147/CEG.S17634. PMC 3132852. PMID 21753892.
Misselwitz B, Pohl D, Frühauf H, Fried M, Vavricka SR, Fox M (June 2013). "Lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment". United European Gastroenterology Journal. 1 (3): 151–159. doi:10.1177/2050640613484463. PMC 4040760. PMID 24917953.
Cleaver JE (May 1968). "Defective repair replication of DNA in xeroderma pigmentosum". Nature. 218 (5142): 652–656. Bibcode:1968Natur.218..652C. doi:10.1038/218652a0. PMID 5655953. S2CID 4171859.
Murzin AG (November 1993). "Can homologous proteins evolve different enzymatic activities?". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 18 (11): 403–405. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(93)90132-7. PMID 8291080.
Ochoa D, Bradley D, Beltrao P (February 2018). "Evolution, dynamics and dysregulation of kinase signalling". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 48: 133–140. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2017.12.008. PMID 29316484.
Renugopalakrishnan V, Garduño-Juárez R, Narasimhan G, Verma CS, Wei X, Li P (November 2005). "Rational design of thermally stable proteins: relevance to bionanotechnology". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 5 (11): 1759–1767. doi:10.1166/jnn.2005.441. PMID 16433409.
Hult K, Berglund P (August 2003). "Engineered enzymes for improved organic synthesis". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 14 (4): 395–400. doi:10.1016/S0958-1669(03)00095-8. PMID 12943848.
Jiang L, Althoff EA, Clemente FR, Doyle L, Röthlisberger D, Zanghellini A, et al. (March 2008). "De novo computational design of retro-aldol enzymes". Science. 319 (5868): 1387–1391. Bibcode:2008Sci...319.1387J. doi:10.1126/science.1152692. PMC 3431203. PMID 18323453.
Sun Y, Cheng J (May 2002). "Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production: a review". Bioresource Technology. 83 (1): 1–11. Bibcode:2002BiTec..83....1S. doi:10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00212-7. PMID 12058826.
Kirk O, Borchert TV, Fuglsang CC (August 2002). "Industrial enzyme applications". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 13 (4): 345–351. doi:10.1016/S0958-1669(02)00328-2. PMID 12323357.
Dulieu C, Moll M, Boudrant J, Poncelet D (2000). "Improved performances and control of beer fermentation using encapsulated alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase and modeling". Biotechnology Progress. 16 (6): 958–965. doi:10.1021/bp000128k. PMID 11101321. S2CID 25674881.
Guzmán-Maldonado H, Paredes-López O (September 1995). "Amylolytic enzymes and products derived from starch: a review". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 35 (5): 373–403. doi:10.1080/10408399509527706. PMID 8573280.
Bajpai P (March 1999). "Application of enzymes in the pulp and paper industry". Biotechnology Progress. 15 (2): 147–157. doi:10.1021/bp990013k. PMID 10194388. S2CID 26080240.
Begley CG, Paragina S, Sporn A (March 1990). "An analysis of contact lens enzyme cleaners". Journal of the American Optometric Association. 61 (3): 190–194. PMID 2186082.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Stryer L, Berg JM, Tymoczko JL (2002). Biochemistry (5th ed.). San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-4955-6.
Murphy JM, Zhang Q, Young SN, Reese ML, Bailey FP, Eyers PA, et al. (January 2014). "A robust methodology to subclassify pseudokinases based on their nucleotide-binding properties". The Biochemical Journal. 457 (2): 323–334. doi:10.1042/BJ20131174. PMC 5679212. PMID 24107129.
Schomburg I, Chang A, Placzek S, Söhngen C, Rother M, Lang M, et al. (January 2013). "BRENDA in 2013: integrated reactions, kinetic data, enzyme function data, improved disease classification: new options and contents in BRENDA". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (Database issue): D764 – D772. doi:10.1093/nar/gks1049. PMC 3531171. PMID 23203881.
Omelchenko MV, Galperin MY, Wolf YI, Koonin EV (April 2010). "Non-homologous isofunctional enzymes: a systematic analysis of alternative solutions in enzyme evolution". Biology Direct. 5 (1): 31. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-5-31. PMC 2876114. PMID 20433725.
Cooper GM (2000). "Chapter 2.2: The Central Role of Enzymes as Biological Catalysts". The Cell: a Molecular Approach (2nd ed.). Washington (DC ): ASM Press. ISBN 0-87893-106-6.
Koshland DE (February 1958). "Application of a Theory of Enzyme Specificity to Protein Synthesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 44 (2): 98–104. Bibcode:1958PNAS...44...98K. doi:10.1073/pnas.44.2.98. PMC 335371. PMID 16590179.
Savir Y, Tlusty T (May 2007). Scalas E (ed.). "Conformational proofreading: the impact of conformational changes on the specificity of molecular recognition". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e468. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..468S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000468. PMC 1868595. PMID 17520027.
Villa J, Strajbl M, Glennon TM, Sham YY, Chu ZT, Warshel A (October 2000). "How important are entropic contributions to enzyme catalysis?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (22): 11899–11904. Bibcode:2000PNAS...9711899V. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.22.11899. PMC 17266. PMID 11050223.
Polgár L (October 2005). "The catalytic triad of serine peptidases". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 62 (19–20): 2161–2172. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5160-x. PMC 11139141. PMID 16003488. S2CID 3343824.
Selvy PE, Lavieri RR, Lindsley CW, Brown HA (October 2011). "Phospholipase D: enzymology, functionality, and chemical modulation". Chemical Reviews. 111 (10): 6064–6119. doi:10.1021/cr200296t. PMC 3233269. PMID 21936578.
Tsai CJ, Del Sol A, Nussinov R (March 2009). "Protein allostery, signal transmission and dynamics: a classification scheme of allosteric mechanisms". Molecular BioSystems. 5 (3): 207–216. doi:10.1039/b819720b. PMC 2898650. PMID 19225609.
Törnroth-Horsefield S, Neutze R (December 2008). "Opening and closing the metabolite gate". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (50): 19565–19566. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10519565T. doi:10.1073/pnas.0810654106. PMC 2604989. PMID 19073922.
Michaelis L, Menten M (1913). "Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung" [The Kinetics of Invertase Action]. Biochem. Z. (in German). 49: 333–369.; Michaelis L, Menten ML, Johnson KA, Goody RS (October 2011). "The original Michaelis constant: translation of the 1913 Michaelis-Menten paper". Biochemistry. 50 (39): 8264–8269. doi:10.1021/bi201284u. PMC 3381512. PMID 21888353.
Briggs GE, Haldane JB (1925). "A Note on the Kinetics of Enzyme Action". The Biochemical Journal. 19 (2): 338–339. doi:10.1042/bj0190338. PMC 1259181. PMID 16743508.
Johnson DS, Weerapana E, Cravatt BF (June 2010). "Strategies for discovering and derisking covalent, irreversible enzyme inhibitors". Future Medicinal Chemistry. 2 (6): 949–964. doi:10.4155/fmc.10.21. PMC 2904065. PMID 20640225.
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE (April 2001). "A millennial myosin census". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 12 (4): 780–794. doi:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780. PMC 32266. PMID 11294886.
Meighen EA (March 1991). "Molecular biology of bacterial bioluminescence". Microbiological Reviews. 55 (1): 123–142. doi:10.1128/MMBR.55.1.123-142.1991. PMC 372803. PMID 2030669.
Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ (April 2009). "Cyclooxygenases: structural and functional insights". Journal of Lipid Research. 50 (Suppl): S29 – S34. doi:10.1194/jlr.R800042-JLR200. PMC 2674713. PMID 18952571.
Doble BW, Woodgett JR (April 2003). "GSK-3: tricks of the trade for a multi-tasking kinase". Journal of Cell Science. 116 (Pt 7): 1175–1186. doi:10.1242/jcs.00384. PMC 3006448. PMID 12615961.
Bennett PM, Chopra I (February 1993). "Molecular basis of beta-lactamase induction in bacteria". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 37 (2): 153–158. doi:10.1128/aac.37.2.153. PMC 187630. PMID 8452343.
Faergeman NJ, Knudsen J (April 1997). "Role of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters in the regulation of metabolism and in cell signalling". The Biochemical Journal. 323 (Pt 1): 1–12. doi:10.1042/bj3230001. PMC 1218279. PMID 9173866.
Noree C, Sato BK, Broyer RM, Wilhelm JE (August 2010). "Identification of novel filament-forming proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster". The Journal of Cell Biology. 190 (4): 541–551. doi:10.1083/jcb.201003001. PMC 2928026. PMID 20713603.
Aughey GN, Liu JL (2015). "Metabolic regulation via enzyme filamentation". Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 51 (4): 282–293. doi:10.3109/10409238.2016.1172555. PMC 4915340. PMID 27098510.
"Phenylketonuria". Genes and Disease [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US). 1998–2015.
Fieker A, Philpott J, Armand M (2011). "Enzyme replacement therapy for pancreatic insufficiency: present and future". Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology. 4: 55–73. doi:10.2147/CEG.S17634. PMC 3132852. PMID 21753892.
Misselwitz B, Pohl D, Frühauf H, Fried M, Vavricka SR, Fox M (June 2013). "Lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment". United European Gastroenterology Journal. 1 (3): 151–159. doi:10.1177/2050640613484463. PMC 4040760. PMID 24917953.
Jiang L, Althoff EA, Clemente FR, Doyle L, Röthlisberger D, Zanghellini A, et al. (March 2008). "De novo computational design of retro-aldol enzymes". Science. 319 (5868): 1387–1391. Bibcode:2008Sci...319.1387J. doi:10.1126/science.1152692. PMC 3431203. PMID 18323453.

ghr.nlm.nih.gov

"Pseudocholinesterase deficiency". U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 5 September 2013.

nobelprize.org

"Eduard Buchner". Nobel Laureate Biography. Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
"Eduard Buchner – Nobel Lecture: Cell-Free Fermentation". Nobelprize.org. 1907. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
"Nobel Prizes and Laureates: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 23 February 2015.

osti.gov

Ramanathan A, Savol A, Burger V, Chennubhotla CS, Agarwal PK (January 2014). "Protein conformational populations and functionally relevant substates". Accounts of Chemical Research. 47 (1): 149–156. doi:10.1021/ar400084s. OSTI 1565147. PMID 23988159.

qmul.ac.uk

chem.qmul.ac.uk

Nomenclature Committee. "EC 2.7.1.1". International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NC-IUBMB). School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London. Archived from the original on 1 December 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
de Bolster MW (1997). "Glossary of Terms Used in Bioinorganic Chemistry: Cofactor". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Archived from the original on 21 January 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2007.

qmul.ac.uk

Moss GP. "Recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology on the Nomenclature and Classification of Enzymes by the Reactions they Catalyse". International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Retrieved 28 August 2021.

scientificamerican.com

Philip Ball (21 January 2025). Jen Schwartz (ed.). "Mysterious Blobs Found inside Cells Are Rewriting the Story of How Life Works. Tiny specks called biomolecular condensates are leading to a new understanding of the cell". Scientific American. 332 (2 (February)). Condensates can act as catalysts for biochemical reactions, even if their component proteins do not. This is because condensates create an interface between two phases, which sets up a gradient in concentrations—of ions for example, creating an electric field that can trigger reactions. The researchers have demonstrated condensate-induced catalysis of a wide range of biochemical reactions, including those involving hydrolysis (in which water splits other molecules apart).

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Radzicka A, Wolfenden R (January 1995). "A proficient enzyme". Science. 267 (5194): 90–93. Bibcode:1995Sci...267...90R. doi:10.1126/science.7809611. PMID 7809611. S2CID 8145198.
Blake CC, Koenig DF, Mair GA, North AC, Phillips DC, Sarma VR (May 1965). "Structure of hen egg-white lysozyme. A three-dimensional Fourier synthesis at 2 Angstrom resolution". Nature. 206 (4986): 757–761. Bibcode:1965Natur.206..757B. doi:10.1038/206757a0. PMID 5891407. S2CID 4161467.
Smith S (December 1994). "The animal fatty acid synthase: one gene, one polypeptide, seven enzymes". FASEB Journal. 8 (15): 1248–1259. doi:10.1096/fasebj.8.15.8001737. PMID 8001737. S2CID 22853095.
Shevelev IV, Hübscher U (May 2002). "The 3' 5' exonucleases". Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology. 3 (5): 364–376. doi:10.1038/nrm804. PMID 11988770. S2CID 31605786.
Zenkin N, Yuzenkova Y, Severinov K (July 2006). "Transcript-assisted transcriptional proofreading". Science. 313 (5786): 518–520. Bibcode:2006Sci...313..518Z. doi:10.1126/science.1127422. PMID 16873663. S2CID 40772789.
Benkovic SJ, Hammes-Schiffer S (August 2003). "A perspective on enzyme catalysis". Science. 301 (5637): 1196–1202. Bibcode:2003Sci...301.1196B. doi:10.1126/science.1085515. PMID 12947189. S2CID 7899320.
Polgár L (October 2005). "The catalytic triad of serine peptidases". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 62 (19–20): 2161–2172. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5160-x. PMC 11139141. PMID 16003488. S2CID 3343824.
Changeux JP, Edelstein SJ (June 2005). "Allosteric mechanisms of signal transduction". Science. 308 (5727): 1424–1428. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1424C. doi:10.1126/science.1108595. PMID 15933191. S2CID 10621930.
Kopelman R (September 1988). "Fractal reaction kinetics". Science. 241 (4873): 1620–1626. Bibcode:1988Sci...241.1620K. doi:10.1126/science.241.4873.1620. PMID 17820893. S2CID 23465446.
Wu P, Clausen MH, Nielsen TE (December 2015). "Allosteric small-molecule kinase inhibitors" (PDF). Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 156: 59–68. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.10.002. PMID 26478442. S2CID 1550698.
Cornish-Bowden A (July 1986). "Why is uncompetitive inhibition so rare? A possible explanation, with implications for the design of drugs and pesticides". FEBS Letters. 203 (1): 3–6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(86)81424-7. PMID 3720956. S2CID 45356060.
Wlodawer A, Vondrasek J (1998). "Inhibitors of HIV-1 protease: a major success of structure-assisted drug design". Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure. 27: 249–284. doi:10.1146/annurev.biophys.27.1.249. PMID 9646869. S2CID 10205781.
Hunter T (January 1995). "Protein kinases and phosphatases: the yin and yang of protein phosphorylation and signaling". Cell. 80 (2): 225–236. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90405-0. PMID 7834742. S2CID 13999125.
Okada S, O'Brien JS (August 1969). "Tay-Sachs disease: generalized absence of a beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase component". Science. 165 (3894): 698–700. Bibcode:1969Sci...165..698O. doi:10.1126/science.165.3894.698. PMID 5793973. S2CID 8473726.
Cleaver JE (May 1968). "Defective repair replication of DNA in xeroderma pigmentosum". Nature. 218 (5142): 652–656. Bibcode:1968Natur.218..652C. doi:10.1038/218652a0. PMID 5655953. S2CID 4171859.
Dulieu C, Moll M, Boudrant J, Poncelet D (2000). "Improved performances and control of beer fermentation using encapsulated alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase and modeling". Biotechnology Progress. 16 (6): 958–965. doi:10.1021/bp000128k. PMID 11101321. S2CID 25674881.
Bajpai P (March 1999). "Application of enzymes in the pulp and paper industry". Biotechnology Progress. 15 (2): 147–157. doi:10.1021/bp990013k. PMID 10194388. S2CID 26080240.

virginia.edu

etext.lib.virginia.edu

Williams HS (1904). A History of Science: in Five Volumes. Volume IV: Modern Development of the Chemical and Biological Sciences. Harper and Brothers.

web.archive.org

Nomenclature Committee. "EC 2.7.1.1". International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NC-IUBMB). School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London. Archived from the original on 1 December 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
"The Catalytic Site Atlas". The European Bioinformatics Institute. Archived from the original on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2007.
de Bolster MW (1997). "Glossary of Terms Used in Bioinorganic Chemistry: Cofactor". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Archived from the original on 21 January 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2007.
"Chymosin – GMO Database". GMO Compass. European Union. 10 July 2010. Archived from the original on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
"Protease – GMO Database". GMO Compass. European Union. 10 July 2010. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 28 February 2015.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Boyer R (2002). "Chapter 6: Enzymes I, Reactions, Kinetics, and Inhibition". Concepts in Biochemistry (2nd ed.). New York, Chichester, Weinheim, Brisbane, Singapore, Toronto.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 137–8. ISBN 0-470-00379-0. OCLC 51720783.
Bisswanger H (2017). Enzyme kinetics : principles and methods (Third, enlarged and improved ed.). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH. ISBN 9783527806461. OCLC 992976641.
Jain JL (May 1999). Fundamentals of biochemistry. New Delhi: S. Chand and Co. ISBN 8121903432. OCLC 818809626.