Equality (mathematics) (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Equality (mathematics)" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

37archive.org

6^th place

25doi.org

2^nd place

21worldcat.org

5^th place

8loc.gov

70^th place

63^rd place

7books.google.com

3^rd place

6stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

4mit.edu

415^th place

327^th place

3web.archive.org

1^st place

3encyclopediaofmath.org

3,863^rd place

2,637^th place

3britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

3libretexts.org

3,627^th place

2,467^th place

3jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

2merriam-webster.com

209^th place

191^st place

2arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

1oxfordreference.com

938^th place

658^th place

1openlibrary.org

325^th place

255^th place

1etymonline.com

287^th place

321^st place

1openmathbooks.org

low place

1ibm.com

1,131^st place

850^th place

1academia.edu

121^st place

142^nd place

1ncatlab.org

low place

8,775^th place

1ucdavis.edu

1,873^rd place

1,347^th place

1openstax.org

6,581^st place

3,967^th place

1sciencedirect.com

149^th place

178^th place

1harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

1cmi.ac.in

low place

1edinburghuniversitypress.com

low place

1uni-goettingen.de

2,594^th place

2,546^th place

1semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

1oracle.com

1,514^th place

1,024^th place

1washington.edu

1,067^th place

749^th place

1zbmath.org

1,923^rd place

1,068^th place

1axler.net

low place

1ams.org

451^st place

277^th place

1cortland.edu

low place

1st-andrews.ac.uk

1,547^th place

1,410^th place

academia.edu

Marcus, Solomon; Watt, Stephen M. "What is an Equation?". Section V. Types of Equations and Terminology in Various Languages. Retrieved 27 February 2019.

ams.org

mathscinet.ams.org

Hofmann, Martin; Streicher, Thomas (1998). "The groupoid interpretation of type theory". In Sambin, Giovanni; Smith, Jan M. (eds.). Twenty Five Years of Constructive Type Theory. Oxford Logic Guides. Vol. 36. Clarendon. pp. 83–111. ISBN 978-0-19-158903-4. MR 1686862.

archive.org

Recorde, Robert (1557). The Whetstone of Witte. London: Jhon Kyngstone. p. 3 of "The rule of equation, commonly called Algebers Rule". OL 17888956W.
Cajori 1928, pp. 298–305. Cajori, Florian (1928). A History Of Mathematical Notations Vol I. London: The Open Court Company, Publishers.
Derbyshire, John (2006). Unknown Quantity: A Real And Imaginary History of Algebra. Joseph Henry Press. p. 35. ISBN 0-309-09657-X.
Beckenbach, Edwin F. (1982). College Algebra. California: Wadsworth. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-534-01007-2.
Landin, Joseph (1989). An Introduction to Algebraic Structures. New York: Dover. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-486-65940-4.
Stebbing 1930, pp. 168–169. Stebbing, L. S. (1930). A Modern Introduction To Logic (3rd ed.). London: Methuen & Co. OCLC 1244466095.
Heath, Thomas Little (1956). The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements. Vol. 1 (Books I and II) (2nd ed.). New York: Dover. p. 222. OCLC 977674956.
Heath, Thomas Little (1910). Diophantus of Alexandria: A Study in the History of Greek algebra. London: Cambridge University Press.
Mendelson 1964, p. 75 Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Hall, Henry Sinclair; Algebra for Beginners, Samuel Ratcliffe (1895). Algebra for Beginners. New York: Macmillan & Co. p. 52.
Cajori 1928, p. 417. Cajori, Florian (1928). A History Of Mathematical Notations Vol I. London: The Open Court Company, Publishers.
Kronecker, Leopold (1978) [1901]. Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie (in German). Springer. p. 86. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-24731-0. ISBN 978-3-662-22798-5.
Riemann, Bernhard; Stahl, Hermann (1899). Elliptische functionen (in German). B. G. Teubner.
Lévy 2002, p. 27. Lévy, Azriel (2002) [1979]. Basic set theory. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-42079-0.
Malik, D. S.; Mordeson, J. M.; Sen, M. K. (1997). Fundamentals of Abstract Algebra. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 83. ISBN 0-07-040035-0.
Mendelson 1964, pp. 82–83. Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Burali-Forti, Cesare (1894). Logica matematica [Mathematical logic] (in Italian). University of California. Ulrico Hoepli. p. 120. Archived from the original on 1 August 2009.
Russell, Bertrand; Whitehead, Alfred (1910). Principia Mathematica. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. p. 57. OCLC 729017529.
Kleene 1967, pp. 158–161. Kleene, Stephen Cole (1967). Mathematical Logic. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-49033-4. LCCN 66-26747.
Mendelson 1964, pp. 93–95. Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Breuer, Josef (1958). Introduction to the Theory of Sets. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. p. 4 – via Internet Archive. A set is a collection of definite distinct objects of our perception or of our thought, which are called elements of the set.
Stoll 1963, pp. 4–5. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.
Lévy 2002, pp. 13, 358. Mac Lane & Birkhoff 1999, p. 2. Mendelson 1964, p. 5. Lévy, Azriel (2002) [1979]. Basic set theory. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-42079-0. Mac Lane, Saunders; Birkhoff, Garrett (1999) [1967]. Algebra (Third ed.). Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society. Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Cook, Roy T. (2009). A Dictionary Of Philosophical Logic. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-7486-2559-8. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021.
Mayberry, John P. (2011). Foundations of Mathematics in the Theory of Sets. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 74, 113. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139087124. ISBN 978-0-521-17271-4.
Kleene 1967, p. 189. Lévy 2002, p. 13. Shoenfield 2001, p. 239. Kleene, Stephen Cole (1967). Mathematical Logic. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-49033-4. LCCN 66-26747. Lévy, Azriel (2002) [1979]. Basic set theory. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-42079-0. Shoenfield, Joseph Robert (2001) [1967]. Mathematical Logic (2nd ed.). A K Peters. ISBN 978-1-56881-135-2.
Lévy 2002, p. 4. Lévy, Azriel (2002) [1979]. Basic set theory. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-42079-0.
Mendelson 1964, pp. 159–161.Rosser 2008, pp. 211–213 Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253. Rosser, John Barkley (2008) [1953]. Logic for mathematicians. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-46898-3. OCLC 227923880.
Fraenkel, Abraham Adolf (1973). Foundations of set theory. Vol. 67 (2nd revised ed.). Amsterdam: Noord-Holland. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-7204-2270-2. OCLC 731740381.
Stoll 1963, p. 24. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.
Sterbenz, Pat H. (1974). Floating-Point Computation. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-322495-3.
Stoll 1963, p. 29. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.
Stoll 1963, p. 31. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.
Pinter 2010, p. 94. Pinter, Charles C. (2010). A Book of Abstract Algebra. Dover. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-486-47417-5 – via Internet Archive.
Pinter 2010, p. 114. Pinter, Charles C. (2010). A Book of Abstract Algebra. Dover. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-486-47417-5 – via Internet Archive.
Legendre, Adrien Marie (1867). Elements of geometry. Cornell University Library. Baltimore, Kelly & Piet. p. 68.
Hilbert, David (1899). Grundlagen der Geometrie (in German). Wellesley College Library. B. G. Teubner. p. 40.

arxiv.org

Leinster, Tom (30 December 2016). Basic Category Theory. p. 12. arXiv:1612.09375.
Beeson, Michael (1 September 2023). "On the notion of equal figures in Euclid". Beiträge zur Algebra und Geometrie. 64 (3): 581–625. arXiv:2008.12643. doi:10.1007/s13366-022-00649-9. ISSN 2191-0383.

axler.net

linear.axler.net

Axler, Sheldon. Linear Algebra Done Right (PDF). Springer. p. 86.

books.google.com

Bird, John (2014). Engineering Mathematics (7th ed.). Routledge. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-317-93789-0.
Peano, Giuseppe (1889). Arithmetices principia: nova methodo (in Latin). Fratres Bocca. p. XIII.
Gardella, Francis; DeLucia, Maria (2020). Algebra for the Middle Grades. IAP. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-64113-847-5.
Burali-Forti, Cesare (1894). Logica matematica [Mathematical logic] (in Italian). University of California. Ulrico Hoepli. p. 120. Archived from the original on 1 August 2009.
Nieuwenhuis, Robert; Rubio, Alberto (2001). "7. Paramodulation-Based Theorem Proving" (PDF). In Robinson, Alan J. A.; Voronkov, Andrei (eds.). Handbook of Automated Reasoning. Elsevier. pp. 371–444. ISBN 978-0-08-053279-0.
Hofmann, Martin; Streicher, Thomas (1998). "The groupoid interpretation of type theory". In Sambin, Giovanni; Smith, Jan M. (eds.). Twenty Five Years of Constructive Type Theory. Oxford Logic Guides. Vol. 36. Clarendon. pp. 83–111. ISBN 978-0-19-158903-4. MR 1686862.
Alexander Karp & Bruce R. Vogeli – Russian Mathematics Education: Programs and Practices, Volume 5, pp. 100–102

britannica.com

"e". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 13 January 2025.
"Identity of indiscernibles". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 12 January 2025.
"Isomorphism". Encyclopædia Britannica. 25 November 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2025.

cmi.ac.in

Nieuwenhuis, Robert; Rubio, Alberto (2001). "7. Paramodulation-Based Theorem Proving" (PDF). In Robinson, Alan J. A.; Voronkov, Andrei (eds.). Handbook of Automated Reasoning. Elsevier. pp. 371–444. ISBN 978-0-08-053279-0.

cortland.edu

web.cortland.edu

Clapham, C.; Nicholson, J. (2009). "Congruent Figures". Oxford Concise Dictionary of Mathematics (PDF). Addison-Wesley. p. 167. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

doi.org

"Equality (n.), sense 3". Oxford English Dictionary. 2023. doi:10.1093/OED/1127700997. A relation between two quantities or other mathematical expressions stating that the two are the same; (also) an expression of such a relation by means of symbols, an equation.
Tao, Terence (2022). "Analysis I". Texts and Readings in Mathematics. 37. Singapore: 284. doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7261-4. ISBN 978-981-19-7261-4. ISSN 2366-8717.
"Equation (n.), sense III.6.a". Oxford English Dictionary. 2023. doi:10.1093/OED/2918848458. A formula affirming the equivalence of two quantitative expressions, which are for this purpose connected by the sign =.
Earl, Richard; Nicholson, James (2021). "Identity". In Earl, Richard; Nicholson, James (eds.). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Mathematics (6th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780198845355.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-884535-5.
Kronecker, Leopold (1978) [1901]. Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie (in German). Springer. p. 86. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-24731-0. ISBN 978-3-662-22798-5.
Tao, Terence (2022). Analysis I. Texts and Readings in Mathematics. Vol. 37. Singapore: Springer. pp. 42–43. doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7261-4. ISBN 978-981-19-7261-4. ISSN 2366-8717.
Krabbe 1975, p. 7. Krabbe, Gregers (1975). Operational Calculus. New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-4392-9. ISBN 978-1-4613-4394-3.
Krabbe 1975, pp. 2–3. Krabbe, Gregers (1975). Operational Calculus. New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-4392-9. ISBN 978-1-4613-4394-3.
Small, Christopher G., ed. (2007). Functional Equations and How to Solve Them. Problem Books in Mathematics. New York: Springer. p. 1. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-48901-8. ISBN 978-0-387-34534-5. ISSN 0941-3502.
Adkins, William A.; Davidson, Mark G. (2012). Ordinary Differential Equations. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics. New York: Springer. pp. 2–5. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3618-8. ISBN 978-1-4614-3617-1. ISSN 0172-6056.
Zalabardo, Jose L. (2000). Introduction To The Theory Of Logic. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429499678. ISBN 978-0-429-49967-8.
Clagett, Marshall (1950). "Richard Swineshead and Late Medieval Physics: I. The Intension and Remission of Qualities (1)". Osiris. 9: 131–161. doi:10.1086/368527. ISSN 0369-7827. JSTOR 301847.
Grant, Edward (1 August 1972). "Nicole Oresme and the medieval geometry of qualities and motions. A treatise on the uniformity and difformity of intensities known as 'tractatus de configurationibus qualitatum et motuum'". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A. 3 (2). Translated by Clagett, Marshall. Madison/Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin Press: 167–182. Bibcode:1972SHPSA...3..167G. doi:10.1016/0039-3681(72)90022-2. ISSN 0039-3681.
Hodges, Wilfrid (1983). Gabbay, D.; Guenthner, F. (eds.). Handbook of Philosophical Logic. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 68–72. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-7066-3. ISBN 978-94-009-7068-7.
Mayberry, John P. (2011). Foundations of Mathematics in the Theory of Sets. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 74, 113. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139087124. ISBN 978-0-521-17271-4.
Ferreirós 2007, p. 226. Ferreirós, José (2007). Labyrinth of Thought. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-7643-8350-3. ISBN 978-3-7643-8349-7.
Zermelo, Ernst (1908). "Untersuchungen über die Grundlagen der Mengenlehre I". Mathematische Annalen (in German). 65 (2): 261–281. doi:10.1007/bf01449999. S2CID 120085563.
Ferreirós 2007, p. 299. Ferreirós, José (2007). Labyrinth of Thought. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-7643-8350-3. ISBN 978-3-7643-8349-7.
Ferreirós 2007, p. 366, "[...] the most common axiom system was and is called the Zermelo-Fraenkel system.". Ferreirós, José (2007). Labyrinth of Thought. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-7643-8350-3. ISBN 978-3-7643-8349-7.
Takeuti, Gaisi; Zaring, Wilson M. (1982). Introduction to Axiomatic Set Theory. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 1. New York: Springer. p. 7. doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8168-6. ISBN 978-1-4613-8170-9. ISSN 0072-5285.
Kress, Rainer (1998). Numerical Analysis. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 181. New York: Springer. pp. 1–4. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0599-9. ISBN 978-1-4612-6833-8. ISSN 0072-5285.
Richardson, Daniel (1968). "Some Undecidable Problems Involving Elementary Functions of a Real Variable". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 33 (4): 514–520. doi:10.2307/2271358. JSTOR 2271358. Zbl 0175.27404.
Hungerford, Thomas W. (1974). Algebra. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 73. New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-6101-8. ISBN 978-1-4612-6103-2. ISSN 0072-5285.
Eilenberg, S.; Mac Lane, S. (1942). "Group Extensions and Homology". Annals of Mathematics. 43 (4): 757–831. doi:10.2307/1968966. ISSN 0003-486X. JSTOR 1968966.
Beeson, Michael (1 September 2023). "On the notion of equal figures in Euclid". Beiträge zur Algebra und Geometrie. 64 (3): 581–625. arXiv:2008.12643. doi:10.1007/s13366-022-00649-9. ISSN 2191-0383.

edinburghuniversitypress.com

Cook, Roy T. (2009). A Dictionary Of Philosophical Logic. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-7486-2559-8. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021.

encyclopediaofmath.org

Grishin, V. N. "Equality axioms". Encyclopedia of Mathematics. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 1-4020-0609-8.
Sobolev, S. K. (originator). "Equation". Encyclopedia of Mathematics. Springer. ISBN 1402006098.
Grishin, V. N. "Equation". Encyclopedia of Mathematics. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 1-4020-0609-8.

etymonline.com

"Equality". Etymonline. Retrieved 16 December 2024.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Grant, Edward (1 August 1972). "Nicole Oresme and the medieval geometry of qualities and motions. A treatise on the uniformity and difformity of intensities known as 'tractatus de configurationibus qualitatum et motuum'". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A. 3 (2). Translated by Clagett, Marshall. Madison/Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin Press: 167–182. Bibcode:1972SHPSA...3..167G. doi:10.1016/0039-3681(72)90022-2. ISSN 0039-3681.

ibm.com

"Equality and inequality operators == !=". XL C/C++ for AIX Documentation. IBM. 25 February 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.

jstor.org

Clagett, Marshall (1950). "Richard Swineshead and Late Medieval Physics: I. The Intension and Remission of Qualities (1)". Osiris. 9: 131–161. doi:10.1086/368527. ISSN 0369-7827. JSTOR 301847.
Richardson, Daniel (1968). "Some Undecidable Problems Involving Elementary Functions of a Real Variable". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 33 (4): 514–520. doi:10.2307/2271358. JSTOR 2271358. Zbl 0175.27404.
Eilenberg, S.; Mac Lane, S. (1942). "Group Extensions and Homology". Annals of Mathematics. 43 (4): 757–831. doi:10.2307/1968966. ISSN 0003-486X. JSTOR 1968966.

libretexts.org

math.libretexts.org

Lankham, Isaiah; Nachtergaele, Bruno; Schilling, Anne (7 November 2013). "13.3: Some Common Mathematical Symbols and Abbreviations". Linear Algebra. Mathematics LibreTexts, University of California, Davis. Retrieved 4 March 2025.
"2.2.1: Similarity". Mathematics LibreTexts. 10 February 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
"2.2.1: Similarity". PreAlgebra. Mathematics LibreTexts. 10 February 2020. Retrieved 4 March 2025.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Suppes, Patrick (1957). Introduction to Logic (PDF). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 101–102. LCCN 57-8153.
Kleene 1967, pp. 158–161. Kleene, Stephen Cole (1967). Mathematical Logic. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-49033-4. LCCN 66-26747.
Suppes, Patrick (1957). Introduction to Logic (PDF). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. p. 103. LCCN 57-8153.
Stoll 1963, pp. 4–5. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.
Kleene 1967, p. 189. Lévy 2002, p. 13. Shoenfield 2001, p. 239. Kleene, Stephen Cole (1967). Mathematical Logic. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-49033-4. LCCN 66-26747. Lévy, Azriel (2002) [1979]. Basic set theory. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-42079-0. Shoenfield, Joseph Robert (2001) [1967]. Mathematical Logic (2nd ed.). A K Peters. ISBN 978-1-56881-135-2.
Stoll 1963, p. 24. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.
Stoll 1963, p. 29. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.
Stoll 1963, p. 31. Stoll, Robert Roth (1963). Set Theory and Logic. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. LCCN 63-8995.

merriam-webster.com

"Equal". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 15 September 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
"Solution set". Merriam-Webster. 24 February 2025. Retrieved 1 March 2025.

mit.edu

web.mit.edu

Suppes, Patrick (1957). Introduction to Logic (PDF). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 101–102. LCCN 57-8153.
Suppes, Patrick (1957). Introduction to Logic (PDF). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. p. 103. LCCN 57-8153.

classics.mit.edu

Aristotle. "Categories". Translated by Edghill, E. M. The Internet Classics Archive, MIT. Retrieved 23 January 2025.

mitpress.mit.edu

Stark, Harold M. (30 May 1978). An Introduction to Number Theory. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. pp. 51–54. ISBN 978-0-262-69060-7.

ncatlab.org

"function extensionality in nLab". ncatlab.org. Retrieved 1 March 2025.

openlibrary.org

Recorde, Robert (1557). The Whetstone of Witte. London: Jhon Kyngstone. p. 3 of "The rule of equation, commonly called Algebers Rule". OL 17888956W.

openmathbooks.org

discrete.openmathbooks.org

Levin, Oscar (2021). Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction (PDF) (3rd ed.). Oscar Levin. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-79290-169-0.

openstax.org

Marecek, Lynn; Mathis, Andrea Honeycutt (6 May 2020). "8.8 Use the Complex Number System". Intermediate Algebra 2e. OpenStax. ISBN 978-1-975076-49-8. Retrieved 4 March 2025.

oracle.com

docs.oracle.com

"Numerical Computation Guide". Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2013.

oxfordreference.com

Clapham, Christopher; Nicholson, James (2009). "distinct". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Mathematics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-923594-0. Retrieved 13 January 2025.

sciencedirect.com

Grant, Edward (1 August 1972). "Nicole Oresme and the medieval geometry of qualities and motions. A treatise on the uniformity and difformity of intensities known as 'tractatus de configurationibus qualitatum et motuum'". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A. 3 (2). Translated by Clagett, Marshall. Madison/Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin Press: 167–182. Bibcode:1972SHPSA...3..167G. doi:10.1016/0039-3681(72)90022-2. ISSN 0039-3681.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Zermelo, Ernst (1908). "Untersuchungen über die Grundlagen der Mengenlehre I". Mathematische Annalen (in German). 65 (2): 261–281. doi:10.1007/bf01449999. S2CID 120085563.

st-andrews.ac.uk

mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk

"Giusto Bellavitis – Biography". Maths History. Retrieved 4 March 2025.

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

Forrest, Peter (1996). "The Identity of Indiscernibles". In Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2024 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 4 March 2025.
Noonan, Harold; Curtis, Ben (2022). "Identity". In Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 11 January 2025.
Forrest, Peter, "The Identity of Indiscernibles", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2020 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)
Deutsch, Harry; Garbacz, Pawel (2024). "Relative Identity". In Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2024 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
Marquis, Jean-Pierre (2019). "Category Theory". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Department of Philosophy, Stanford University. Retrieved 26 September 2022.

logic.stanford.edu

"Introduction to Logic – Equality". logic.stanford.edu. Retrieved 1 March 2025.

ucdavis.edu

math.ucdavis.edu

Lankham, Isaiah; Nachtergaele, Bruno; Schilling, Anne (21 January 2007). "Some Common Mathematical Symbols and Abbreviations (with History)" (PDF). University of California, Davis.

uni-goettingen.de

gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de

Zermelo, Ernst (1908). "Untersuchungen über die Grundlagen der Mengenlehre I". Mathematische Annalen (in German). 65 (2): 261–281. doi:10.1007/bf01449999. S2CID 120085563.

washington.edu

faculty.washington.edu

Kerre, Etienne E.; De Cock, Martine (2001). "Approximate Equality is no Fuzzy Equality" (PDF).

web.archive.org

"Equal". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 15 September 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
"Numerical Computation Guide". Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
Clapham, C.; Nicholson, J. (2009). "Congruent Figures". Oxford Concise Dictionary of Mathematics (PDF). Addison-Wesley. p. 167. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Rosser 2008, p. 163. Rosser, John Barkley (2008) [1953]. Logic for mathematicians. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-46898-3. OCLC 227923880.
Tao, Terence (2022). "Analysis I". Texts and Readings in Mathematics. 37. Singapore: 284. doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7261-4. ISBN 978-981-19-7261-4. ISSN 2366-8717.
Stebbing 1930, pp. 168–169. Stebbing, L. S. (1930). A Modern Introduction To Logic (3rd ed.). London: Methuen & Co. OCLC 1244466095.
Heath, Thomas Little (1956). The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements. Vol. 1 (Books I and II) (2nd ed.). New York: Dover. p. 222. OCLC 977674956.
Mendelson 1964, p. 75 Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Tao, Terence (2022). Analysis I. Texts and Readings in Mathematics. Vol. 37. Singapore: Springer. pp. 42–43. doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7261-4. ISBN 978-981-19-7261-4. ISSN 2366-8717.
Small, Christopher G., ed. (2007). Functional Equations and How to Solve Them. Problem Books in Mathematics. New York: Springer. p. 1. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-48901-8. ISBN 978-0-387-34534-5. ISSN 0941-3502.
Adkins, William A.; Davidson, Mark G. (2012). Ordinary Differential Equations. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics. New York: Springer. pp. 2–5. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3618-8. ISBN 978-1-4614-3617-1. ISSN 0172-6056.
Mendelson 1964, pp. 82–83. Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Clagett, Marshall (1950). "Richard Swineshead and Late Medieval Physics: I. The Intension and Remission of Qualities (1)". Osiris. 9: 131–161. doi:10.1086/368527. ISSN 0369-7827. JSTOR 301847.
Grant, Edward (1 August 1972). "Nicole Oresme and the medieval geometry of qualities and motions. A treatise on the uniformity and difformity of intensities known as 'tractatus de configurationibus qualitatum et motuum'". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A. 3 (2). Translated by Clagett, Marshall. Madison/Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin Press: 167–182. Bibcode:1972SHPSA...3..167G. doi:10.1016/0039-3681(72)90022-2. ISSN 0039-3681.
Russell, Bertrand; Whitehead, Alfred (1910). Principia Mathematica. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. p. 57. OCLC 729017529.
Mendelson 1964, pp. 93–95. Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Lévy 2002, pp. 13, 358. Mac Lane & Birkhoff 1999, p. 2. Mendelson 1964, p. 5. Lévy, Azriel (2002) [1979]. Basic set theory. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-42079-0. Mac Lane, Saunders; Birkhoff, Garrett (1999) [1967]. Algebra (Third ed.). Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society. Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253.
Mendelson 1964, pp. 159–161.Rosser 2008, pp. 211–213 Mendelson, Elliott (1964). Introduction to Mathematical Logic. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. OCLC 1150016253. Rosser, John Barkley (2008) [1953]. Logic for mathematicians. Mineola, New York: Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-46898-3. OCLC 227923880.
Fraenkel, Abraham Adolf (1973). Foundations of set theory. Vol. 67 (2nd revised ed.). Amsterdam: Noord-Holland. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-7204-2270-2. OCLC 731740381.
Takeuti, Gaisi; Zaring, Wilson M. (1982). Introduction to Axiomatic Set Theory. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 1. New York: Springer. p. 7. doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8168-6. ISBN 978-1-4613-8170-9. ISSN 0072-5285.
Kress, Rainer (1998). Numerical Analysis. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 181. New York: Springer. pp. 1–4. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0599-9. ISBN 978-1-4612-6833-8. ISSN 0072-5285.
Hungerford, Thomas W. (1974). Algebra. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 73. New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-6101-8. ISBN 978-1-4612-6103-2. ISSN 0072-5285.
Eilenberg, S.; Mac Lane, S. (1942). "Group Extensions and Homology". Annals of Mathematics. 43 (4): 757–831. doi:10.2307/1968966. ISSN 0003-486X. JSTOR 1968966.
Beeson, Michael (1 September 2023). "On the notion of equal figures in Euclid". Beiträge zur Algebra und Geometrie. 64 (3): 581–625. arXiv:2008.12643. doi:10.1007/s13366-022-00649-9. ISSN 2191-0383.

zbmath.org

Richardson, Daniel (1968). "Some Undecidable Problems Involving Elementary Functions of a Real Variable". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 33 (4): 514–520. doi:10.2307/2271358. JSTOR 2271358. Zbl 0175.27404.