Etymology of Assam (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Etymology of Assam" in English language version.

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(Neog 1962, p. 1) Neog, Dimbeswar (1962), New Light on History of Asamiya Literature, Gauhati{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
(Bhuyan 1930, pp. a6–a7). (The page numbering in this section follows an archaic Assamese numeral.) Bhuyan, S. K. (1930). "Prokaxokor Patoni (Publisher's Preface)". In Bhuyan, S. K. (ed.). Kamrupar Buranji (in Assamese). Assam: Department of Historical and Antiquarian Studies. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
(Bhuyan 1930, p. a7). (The page numbering in this section follows an archaic Assamese numeral.) Bhuyan, S. K. (1930). "Prokaxokor Patoni (Publisher's Preface)". In Bhuyan, S. K. (ed.). Kamrupar Buranji (in Assamese). Assam: Department of Historical and Antiquarian Studies. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
(Bhuyan 1930:xiv) Bhuyan, S. K. (1930). "Prokaxokor Patoni (Publisher's Preface)". In Bhuyan, S. K. (ed.). Kamrupar Buranji (in Assamese). Assam: Department of Historical and Antiquarian Studies. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
"Of the Kingdom of Aſem", Book III, Chapter XVII (Tavernier 1678, pp. 187–188) Tavernier, John Baptiste (1678), "Of the Kingdom of Aʃem", The six voyages of John Baptista Tavernier, Phillips, John (tr), London: Printed for R.L and M.P, pp. 187–188
(Grierson 1967, p. 393) Grierson, George A. (1967) [1903]. "Assamese". Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. V, Indo-Aryan family. Eastern group. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass. pp. 393–398.
(Choudhury 1966, p. 26) Choudhury, Pratap Chandra (1966). The History of the Civilisation of the People of Assam to the 12th Century. Gauhati: Dept. of Historical and Antiquarian Studies in Assam. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
"This word is popularly, but incorrectly derived from the Assamese word aham [Grierson uses 'h' for 'x'] which means 'unequaled,' being the same as the Sanskrit asama."(Grierson 1967, p. 393) Grierson, George A. (1967) [1903]. "Assamese". Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. V, Indo-Aryan family. Eastern group. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass. pp. 393–398.
"... Thus little room is left for the fanciful origin of the name Asam from Sanskrit to mean 'uneven' ([terrain]) or 'unparalleled' (people)" (Neog 1962, p. 2). Neog, Dimbeswar (1962), New Light on History of Asamiya Literature, Gauhati{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"The Assamese themselves call the native country Asam, with the vowels in both syllables short. The name is said to be the term given by them to the Shans or "Shams" who commenced invading the country from the east in the 13th century" (Grierson 1967, p. 393) Grierson, George A. (1967) [1903]. "Assamese". Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. V, Indo-Aryan family. Eastern group. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass. pp. 393–398.
(Neog 1962, p. 2) Neog, Dimbeswar (1962), New Light on History of Asamiya Literature, Gauhati{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

books.google.com

"Ahoms also gave Assam and its language their name (Ahom and the modern ɒχɒm 'Assam' come from an attested earlier form asam, acam, probably from a Burmese corruption of the word Shan/Shyam, cf. Siam: Kakati 1962; 1-4)." (Masica 1993, p. 50) Masica, Colin P. (1993), Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521299442
Das, Bhuban Mohan (1987) "The Peoples of Assam" p23 "The modern name Assam is an anglicised form of the Assamese name Asom"
"The Kingdom of Assam, where it is entered from Bengal, commences on the north of the Berhampooter, at the Khonder Chokey, nearly opposite to the picturesque estate of the late Mr Raush at Goalpara; and at the Nagrabaree Hill on the South", Wade, Dr John Peter, (1805) "A Geographical Sketch of Assam" in Asiatic Annual Register, reprinted (Sharma 1972, p. 341) Sharma, Benudhar, ed. (1972), An Account of Assam, Gauhati: Assam Jyoti
(Masica 1993:50) Masica, Colin P. (1993), Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521299442
(Sircar 1971, p. 163) Sircar, D. C. (1971), Studies In The Geography Of Ancient And Medieval India (2nd ed.), New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass, ISBN 9788120806900
"...in the early dates of British rule, it (Assam) was spelled with only one 's'". (Gait 1906, p. 240) Gait, Edward A (1906), A History of Assam, Calcutta, ISBN 9780404168193 {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"According to some, the word is derived from Asama meaning "uneven", as distinguished from Samatata, or the level plains of East Bengal." (Gait 1906, p. 241) Gait, Edward A (1906), A History of Assam, Calcutta, ISBN 9780404168193 {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
(Gait 1906, p. 241) Gait, Edward A (1906), A History of Assam, Calcutta, ISBN 9780404168193 {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"It has been suggested that this may be derived from Shan, or as the Assamese say Syam. This word is however not used by the Assamese when speaking of the Ahoms, but only with reference to people of Siam" (Gait 1906, p. 241) Gait, Edward A (1906), A History of Assam, Calcutta, ISBN 9780404168193 {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

doi.org

"The Ahom domain of Upper Assam came to be known to the Dimasa and other Bodo people as Ha-Sam (the land of the Shams or Shans) in their language. From this the terms 'Asam' and 'Ahom' were derived in due course, and the first term came to stand for the expanded Ahom kingdom. Under the impact of the Indo-Aryan heritage of the region, the concept of 'Asam' was further extended to cover the entire area defined as 'Kamarupa' in the Kalika-Purana (c 9th-10th centuries). The Ahom statesmen and chroniclers wishfully looked forward to the Karatoya as their natural western frontier. They also looked upon themselves as the heirs of that glory that was ancient Kamarupa by right of conquest, and they long cherished infructuously their unfulfilled hopes of expanding up to that frontier." (Guha 1983) Guha, Amalendu (December 1983), "The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State Formation Process in Medieval Assam (1228-1714)", Social Scientist, 11 (12): 3–34, doi:10.2307/3516963, JSTOR 3516963

frontline.in

"While scholars disagree over the precise origins of the name, Assam, there is a consensus that the name, given to the land by the 13th century Shan invaders impressed by the valour of the people they conquered (or, in another reading, given by the conquered to the people who conquered them, being impressed by their generosity in victory), is derived from the Sanskrit word, asama, meaning unequalled, matchless, with the secondary meaning, uneven, undulating, with reference to the terrain of the land. The two standard Assamese dictionaries, Hem Kosha and Chandrakanta Abhidhan, offer broadly the same definitions." (Prabhakara 2006) Prabhakara, M. S. (2006). "In the name of changing names". Frontline. 23 (11).

ids.ac.uk

opendocs.ids.ac.uk

"The Ahom domain of Upper Assam came to be known to the Dimasa and other Bodo people as Ha-Sam (the land of the Shams or Shans) in their language. From this the terms 'Asam' and 'Ahom' were derived in due course, and the first term came to stand for the expanded Ahom kingdom. Under the impact of the Indo-Aryan heritage of the region, the concept of 'Asam' was further extended to cover the entire area defined as 'Kamarupa' in the Kalika-Purana (c 9th-10th centuries). The Ahom statesmen and chroniclers wishfully looked forward to the Karatoya as their natural western frontier. They also looked upon themselves as the heirs of that glory that was ancient Kamarupa by right of conquest, and they long cherished infructuously their unfulfilled hopes of expanding up to that frontier." (Guha 1983) Guha, Amalendu (December 1983), "The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State Formation Process in Medieval Assam (1228-1714)", Social Scientist, 11 (12): 3–34, doi:10.2307/3516963, JSTOR 3516963

indiawijzer.nl

"Vervarelijke Schipbreuk Van't Oostindisch Jacht Terschilling", January 1944, W. de Haan NV, Utrecht. The map.
"I got a copy of Frans van der Heiden's book in Dutch, published in 1944. Several times the name of Assam is mentioned in this publication. I was able to find a copy of the original Dutch publication, published in 1675 in the library of the Maritime Museum, Rotterdam and compared the two publications. The 1944 version has extra preface added by the publisher including a map of Bengale drawn around 1661 where the name of Assam is mentioned." (Saleh 2008) Saleh, Wahid (27 September 2008), "What's in a name" (PDF), The Assam Tribune, Guwahati, Assam

jstor.org

"The Ahom domain of Upper Assam came to be known to the Dimasa and other Bodo people as Ha-Sam (the land of the Shams or Shans) in their language. From this the terms 'Asam' and 'Ahom' were derived in due course, and the first term came to stand for the expanded Ahom kingdom. Under the impact of the Indo-Aryan heritage of the region, the concept of 'Asam' was further extended to cover the entire area defined as 'Kamarupa' in the Kalika-Purana (c 9th-10th centuries). The Ahom statesmen and chroniclers wishfully looked forward to the Karatoya as their natural western frontier. They also looked upon themselves as the heirs of that glory that was ancient Kamarupa by right of conquest, and they long cherished infructuously their unfulfilled hopes of expanding up to that frontier." (Guha 1983) Guha, Amalendu (December 1983), "The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State Formation Process in Medieval Assam (1228-1714)", Social Scientist, 11 (12): 3–34, doi:10.2307/3516963, JSTOR 3516963

uchicago.edu

dsal.uchicago.edu

(Grierson 1967, p. 393) Grierson, George A. (1967) [1903]. "Assamese". Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. V, Indo-Aryan family. Eastern group. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass. pp. 393–398.
"This word is popularly, but incorrectly derived from the Assamese word aham [Grierson uses 'h' for 'x'] which means 'unequaled,' being the same as the Sanskrit asama."(Grierson 1967, p. 393) Grierson, George A. (1967) [1903]. "Assamese". Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. V, Indo-Aryan family. Eastern group. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass. pp. 393–398.
"The Assamese themselves call the native country Asam, with the vowels in both syllables short. The name is said to be the term given by them to the Shans or "Shams" who commenced invading the country from the east in the 13th century" (Grierson 1967, p. 393) Grierson, George A. (1967) [1903]. "Assamese". Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. V, Indo-Aryan family. Eastern group. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass. pp. 393–398.