Euphrates (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Euphrates" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

23doi.org

2^nd place

22web.archive.org

1^st place

14semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

11worldcat.org

5^th place

4archive.org

6^th place

4jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

4harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

2eawag.ch

low place

2zunia.org

low place

1britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

1books.google.com

3^rd place

1livingwaterbooks.com.au

low place

1brillonline.com

1,199^th place

816^th place

1unep.ch

6,618^th place

7,265^th place

1iflscience.com

low place

9,862^nd place

1studiaorontica.org

low place

1gloria-center.org

low place

1hrw.org

729^th place

650^th place

1bbc.co.uk

8^th place

10^th place

1stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

1npr.org

92^nd place

72^nd place

1iium.edu.my

low place

1islamicfinder.org

low place

1oremus.org

826^th place

452^nd place

1persee.fr

515^th place

1,261^st place

1nih.gov

4^th place

1dur.ac.uk

3,728^th place

2,318^th place

1byu.edu

1,687^th place

1,074^th place

1arizona.edu

1,592^nd place

1,119^th place

1al-akhbar.com

5,205^th place

8,229^th place

1youtube.com

9^th place

13^th place

1ghostarchive.org

32^nd place

21^st place

1yale.edu

565^th place

460^th place

1fao.org

318^th place

411^th place

1army.mil

249^th place

169^th place

al-akhbar.com

english.al-akhbar.com

Anjarini, Suhaib (30 May 2014). "A new Turkish aggression against Syria: Ankara suspends pumping Euphrates' water". Al Akhbar. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2014.

archive.org

Gray 1864, pp. 81–82 Gray, J.E. (1864), "Revision of the species of Trionychidae found in Asia and Africa, with descriptions of some new species", Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London: 81–82
Kliot 1994, p. 117 Kliot, Nurit (1994), Water Resources and Conflict in the Middle East, Milton Park: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-09752-5
Kolars & Mitchell 1991, p. 17 Kolars, John F.; Mitchell, William A. (1991), The Euphrates River and the Southeast Anatolia Development Project, Carbondale: SIU Press, ISBN 978-0-8093-1572-7
Muhesen 2002, p. 102 Muhesen, Sultan (2002), "The Earliest Paleolithic Occupation in Syria", in Akazawa, Takeru; Aoki, Kenichi; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (eds.), Neandertals and Modern Humans in Western Asia, New York: Kluwer, pp. 95–105, doi:10.1007/0-306-47153-1_7, ISBN 0-306-45924-8

arizona.edu

ag.arizona.edu

Kaya 1998 Kaya, Ibrahim (1998), "The Euphrates–Tigris Basin: An Overview and Opportunities for Cooperation under International Law", Arid Lands Newsletter, 44, ISSN 1092-5481, archived from the original on 6 June 2011, retrieved 10 August 2010

army.mil

grd.usace.army.mil

O'Hara 2004, p. 3 O'Hara, Thomas (2004), "Coalition Celebrates Transfer of Power" (PDF), Essayons Forward, 1 (2): 3–4, OCLC 81262733, archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2009

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Muir 2009 Muir, Jim (24 February 2009), "Iraq Marshes face Grave New Threat", BBC News, archived from the original on 24 February 2009, retrieved 9 August 2010

books.google.com

Gamkrelidze, Thomas; V. Ivanov, Vjaceslav (1995), Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans: A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture, Walter de Gruyter, p. 616, ISBN 9783110815030, archived from the original on 9 September 2022, retrieved 14 November 2015

brillonline.com

referenceworks.brillonline.com

Manouchehri, Faramarz Haj; Waley, M. I. (4 December 2013), "al-Bayt al-Maʿmūr", Encyclopaedia Islamica, Brill, retrieved 19 October 2023

britannica.com

"Euphrates River | Definition, Location, & Facts | Britannica". Archived from the original on 24 June 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2022.

byu.edu

wwi.lib.byu.edu

Treaty of peace with Turkey signed at Lausanne, World War I Document Archive, archived from the original on 12 January 2013, retrieved 19 December 2010

doi.org

Woods 2005 Woods, Christopher (2005), "On the Euphrates", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie, 95 (1–2): 7–45, doi:10.1515/zava.2005.95.1-2.7, S2CID 162245901
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 384 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 388 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Mutin 2003, p. 2 Mutin, Georges (2003), "Le Tigre et l'Euphrate de la Discorde", VertigO (in French), 4 (3): 1–10, doi:10.4000/vertigo.3869
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 385 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 386 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Hole & Zaitchik 2007 Hole, F.; Zaitchik, B.F. (2007), "Policies, Plans, Practice, and Prospects: Irrigation in Northeastern Syria", Land Degradation & Development, 18 (2): 133–152, doi:10.1002/ldr.772, S2CID 129117310
Coad 1996 Coad, B.W. (1996), "Zoogeography of the Fishes of the Tigris-Euphrates Basin", Zoology in the Middle East, 13: 51–70, doi:10.1080/09397140.1996.10637706, ISSN 0939-7140
Thomason 2001 Thomason, A.K. (2001), "Representations of the North Syrian Landscape in Neo-Assyrian Art", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 323 (323): 63–96, doi:10.2307/1357592, JSTOR 1357592, S2CID 153904585
Mutin 2003, p. 4 Mutin, Georges (2003), "Le Tigre et l'Euphrate de la Discorde", VertigO (in French), 4 (3): 1–10, doi:10.4000/vertigo.3869
Mutin 2003, p. 5 Mutin, Georges (2003), "Le Tigre et l'Euphrate de la Discorde", VertigO (in French), 4 (3): 1–10, doi:10.4000/vertigo.3869
Jongerden 2010, p. 138 Jongerden, Joost (2010), "Dams and Politics in Turkey: Utilizing Water, Developing Conflict", Middle East Policy, 17 (1): 137–143, doi:10.1111/j.1475-4967.2010.00432.x
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, pp. 383–384 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Jongerden 2010, p. 139 Jongerden, Joost (2010), "Dams and Politics in Turkey: Utilizing Water, Developing Conflict", Middle East Policy, 17 (1): 137–143, doi:10.1111/j.1475-4967.2010.00432.x
Rahi & Halihan 2009 Rahi, Khayyun A.; Halihan, Todd (2009), "Changes in the Salinity of the Euphrates River System in Iraq", Regional Environmental Change, 10: 27–35, doi:10.1007/s10113-009-0083-y, S2CID 8616217
Jawad 2003 Jawad, Laith A. (2003), "Impact of Environmental Change on the Freshwater Fish Fauna of Iraq", International Journal of Environmental Studies, 60 (6): 581–593, doi:10.1080/0020723032000087934, S2CID 94931485
Hosseinizadeh, Abdol Majid (15 December 2012). "The Four Rivers of Eden in Judaism and Islam". Al-Bayan: Journal of Qur'an and Hadith Studies. 10 (2): 33–47. doi:10.11136/jqh.1210.02.03. eISSN 2232-1969. ISSN 2232-1950.
Muhesen 2002, p. 102 Muhesen, Sultan (2002), "The Earliest Paleolithic Occupation in Syria", in Akazawa, Takeru; Aoki, Kenichi; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (eds.), Neandertals and Modern Humans in Western Asia, New York: Kluwer, pp. 95–105, doi:10.1007/0-306-47153-1_7, ISBN 0-306-45924-8
Schmid et al. 1997 Schmid, P.; Rentzel, Ph.; Renault-Miskovsky, J.; Muhesen, Sultan; Morel, Ph.; Le Tensorer, Jean Marie; Jagher, R. (1997), "Découvertes de Restes Humains dans les Niveaux Acheuléens de Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar (El Kowm, Syrie Centrale)" (PDF), Paléorient, 23 (1): 87–93, doi:10.3406/paleo.1997.4646^{[permanent dead link]}
Helbaek 1972 Helbaek, Hans (1972), "Samarran Irrigation Agriculture at Choga Mami in Iraq", Iraq, 34 (1): 35–48, doi:10.2307/4199929, JSTOR 4199929, S2CID 128712234
Oates 1960 Oates, Joan (1960), "Ur and Eridu, the Prehistory", Iraq, 22: 32–50, doi:10.2307/4199667, JSTOR 4199667, S2CID 163320495
Ur, Karsgaard & Oates 2007 Ur, Jason A.; Karsgaard, Philip; Oates, Joan (2007), "Early Urban Development in the Near East" (PDF), Science, 317 (5842): 1188, Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1188U, doi:10.1126/science.1138728, PMID 17761874, S2CID 10440712, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 November 2018, retrieved 4 November 2018
Hritz & Wilkinson 2006 Hritz, Carrie; Wilkinson, T.J. (2006), "Using Shuttle Radar Topography to Map Ancient Water Channels in Mesopotamia" (PDF), Antiquity, 80 (308): 415–424, doi:10.1017/S0003598X00093728, ISSN 0003-598X, S2CID 14693322, archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2020, retrieved 3 September 2019

dur.ac.uk

dro.dur.ac.uk

Hritz & Wilkinson 2006 Hritz, Carrie; Wilkinson, T.J. (2006), "Using Shuttle Radar Topography to Map Ancient Water Channels in Mesopotamia" (PDF), Antiquity, 80 (308): 415–424, doi:10.1017/S0003598X00093728, ISSN 0003-598X, S2CID 14693322, archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2020, retrieved 3 September 2019

eawag.ch

Sahan et al. 2001, p. 10 Sahan, Emel; Zogg, Andreas; Mason, Simon A.; Gilli, Adi (2001), Case-Study: Southeastern Anatolia Project in Turkey – GAP (PDF), Zürich, archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2005, retrieved 6 August 2010{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Sahan et al. 2001, p. 11 Sahan, Emel; Zogg, Andreas; Mason, Simon A.; Gilli, Adi (2001), Case-Study: Southeastern Anatolia Project in Turkey – GAP (PDF), Zürich, archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2005, retrieved 6 August 2010{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

fao.org

Krouma 2006 Krouma, I. (2006), "National Aquaculture Sector Overview. Syrian Arab Republic. National Aquaculture Sector Overview Fact Sheets", FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, FAO, archived from the original on 4 February 2021, retrieved 15 December 2009

ghostarchive.org

Eupherates of Syria Cut Off by Turkey. 30 May 2014. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 – via YouTube.

gloria-center.org

Elhadj 2008 Elhadj, Elie (2008), "Dry Aquifers in Arab Countries and the Looming Food Crisis", Middle East Review of International Affairs, 12 (3), ISSN 1565-8996^{[permanent dead link]}

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Shahin 2007, p. 251 Shahin, Mamdouh (2007), Water Resources and Hydrometeorology of the Arab Region, Dordrecht: Springer, Bibcode:2007wrha.book.....S, ISBN 978-1-4020-5414-3
Ur, Karsgaard & Oates 2007 Ur, Jason A.; Karsgaard, Philip; Oates, Joan (2007), "Early Urban Development in the Near East" (PDF), Science, 317 (5842): 1188, Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1188U, doi:10.1126/science.1138728, PMID 17761874, S2CID 10440712, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 November 2018, retrieved 4 November 2018

people.fas.harvard.edu

Witzel, Michael (2006). "Early Loan Words in Western Central Asia: Substrates, Migrations and Trade" (PDF). In Mair, Victor H. (ed.). Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World. University of Hawai'i Press. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2012.

dash.harvard.edu

Ur, Karsgaard & Oates 2007 Ur, Jason A.; Karsgaard, Philip; Oates, Joan (2007), "Early Urban Development in the Near East" (PDF), Science, 317 (5842): 1188, Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1188U, doi:10.1126/science.1138728, PMID 17761874, S2CID 10440712, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 November 2018, retrieved 4 November 2018

hrw.org

Anonymous 2009, p. 11 Anonymous (2009), Group Denial. Repression of Kurdish Political and Cultural Rights in Syria (PDF), New York: Human Rights Watch, OCLC 472433635, archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2018, retrieved 4 December 2016

iflscience.com

"Why Is The Euphrates River Drying Up And What Does It Mean?". IFLScience. 21 July 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.

iium.edu.my

Sahih Muslim, Book 041: 6918 & 6920

islamicfinder.org

Anwaar, Amna. "48 signs of Qiyamah". Islamic Finder. Retrieved 1 January 2023.

jstor.org

Thomason 2001 Thomason, A.K. (2001), "Representations of the North Syrian Landscape in Neo-Assyrian Art", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 323 (323): 63–96, doi:10.2307/1357592, JSTOR 1357592, S2CID 153904585
Bounni 1979 Bounni, Adnan (1979), "Campaign and Exhibition from the Euphrates in Syria", The Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 44: 1–7, JSTOR 3768538
Helbaek 1972 Helbaek, Hans (1972), "Samarran Irrigation Agriculture at Choga Mami in Iraq", Iraq, 34 (1): 35–48, doi:10.2307/4199929, JSTOR 4199929, S2CID 128712234
Oates 1960 Oates, Joan (1960), "Ur and Eridu, the Prehistory", Iraq, 22: 32–50, doi:10.2307/4199667, JSTOR 4199667, S2CID 163320495

livingwaterbooks.com.au

Gelbert, Carlos (2011). Ginza Rba. Sydney: Living Water Books. ISBN 9780958034630. Archived from the original on 16 March 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2022.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ur, Karsgaard & Oates 2007 Ur, Jason A.; Karsgaard, Philip; Oates, Joan (2007), "Early Urban Development in the Near East" (PDF), Science, 317 (5842): 1188, Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1188U, doi:10.1126/science.1138728, PMID 17761874, S2CID 10440712, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 November 2018, retrieved 4 November 2018

npr.org

Garcia-Navarro 2009 Garcia-Navarro, Lourdes (2009), Drought Reveals Iraqi Archaeological Treasures, NPR, archived from the original on 4 March 2011, retrieved 4 August 2010

oremus.org

bible.oremus.org

Revelation 16:12

persee.fr

Schmid et al. 1997 Schmid, P.; Rentzel, Ph.; Renault-Miskovsky, J.; Muhesen, Sultan; Morel, Ph.; Le Tensorer, Jean Marie; Jagher, R. (1997), "Découvertes de Restes Humains dans les Niveaux Acheuléens de Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar (El Kowm, Syrie Centrale)" (PDF), Paléorient, 23 (1): 87–93, doi:10.3406/paleo.1997.4646^{[permanent dead link]}

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Woods 2005 Woods, Christopher (2005), "On the Euphrates", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie, 95 (1–2): 7–45, doi:10.1515/zava.2005.95.1-2.7, S2CID 162245901
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 384 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 388 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 385 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, p. 386 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Hole & Zaitchik 2007 Hole, F.; Zaitchik, B.F. (2007), "Policies, Plans, Practice, and Prospects: Irrigation in Northeastern Syria", Land Degradation & Development, 18 (2): 133–152, doi:10.1002/ldr.772, S2CID 129117310
Thomason 2001 Thomason, A.K. (2001), "Representations of the North Syrian Landscape in Neo-Assyrian Art", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 323 (323): 63–96, doi:10.2307/1357592, JSTOR 1357592, S2CID 153904585
Isaev & Mikhailova 2009, pp. 383–384 Isaev, V.A.; Mikhailova, M.V. (2009), "The Hydrology, Evolution, and Hydrological Regime of the Mouth Area of the Shatt al-Arab River", Water Resources, 36 (4): 380–395, doi:10.1134/S0097807809040022, S2CID 129706440
Rahi & Halihan 2009 Rahi, Khayyun A.; Halihan, Todd (2009), "Changes in the Salinity of the Euphrates River System in Iraq", Regional Environmental Change, 10: 27–35, doi:10.1007/s10113-009-0083-y, S2CID 8616217
Jawad 2003 Jawad, Laith A. (2003), "Impact of Environmental Change on the Freshwater Fish Fauna of Iraq", International Journal of Environmental Studies, 60 (6): 581–593, doi:10.1080/0020723032000087934, S2CID 94931485
Helbaek 1972 Helbaek, Hans (1972), "Samarran Irrigation Agriculture at Choga Mami in Iraq", Iraq, 34 (1): 35–48, doi:10.2307/4199929, JSTOR 4199929, S2CID 128712234
Oates 1960 Oates, Joan (1960), "Ur and Eridu, the Prehistory", Iraq, 22: 32–50, doi:10.2307/4199667, JSTOR 4199667, S2CID 163320495
Ur, Karsgaard & Oates 2007 Ur, Jason A.; Karsgaard, Philip; Oates, Joan (2007), "Early Urban Development in the Near East" (PDF), Science, 317 (5842): 1188, Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1188U, doi:10.1126/science.1138728, PMID 17761874, S2CID 10440712, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 November 2018, retrieved 4 November 2018
Hritz & Wilkinson 2006 Hritz, Carrie; Wilkinson, T.J. (2006), "Using Shuttle Radar Topography to Map Ancient Water Channels in Mesopotamia" (PDF), Antiquity, 80 (308): 415–424, doi:10.1017/S0003598X00093728, ISSN 0003-598X, S2CID 14693322, archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2020, retrieved 3 September 2019

stanford.edu

Tanaka 2007 Tanaka, Eisuke (2007), "Protecting one of the best Roman Mosaic Collections in the World: Ownership and Protection in the Case of the Roman Mosaics from Zeugma, Turkey" (PDF), Stanford Journal of Archaeology, 5: 183–202, OCLC 56070299, archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2012, retrieved 10 August 2010

studiaorontica.org

Jamous 2009 Jamous, Bassam (2009), "Nouveaux Aménagements Hydrauliques sur le Moyen Euphrate Syrienne. Appel à Projets Archéologiques d'Urgence" (PDF), Studia Orontica (in French), DGAM, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2011, retrieved 14 December 2009

unep.ch

grid.unep.ch

Partow 2001, p. 4 Partow, Hassan (2001), The Mesopotamian Marshlands: Demise of an Ecosystem (PDF), Nairobi: UNEP, ISBN 92-807-2069-4, archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2017, retrieved 10 August 2010

web.archive.org

"Euphrates River | Definition, Location, & Facts | Britannica". Archived from the original on 24 June 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
Witzel, Michael (2006). "Early Loan Words in Western Central Asia: Substrates, Migrations and Trade" (PDF). In Mair, Victor H. (ed.). Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World. University of Hawai'i Press. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
Gamkrelidze, Thomas; V. Ivanov, Vjaceslav (1995), Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans: A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture, Walter de Gruyter, p. 616, ISBN 9783110815030, archived from the original on 9 September 2022, retrieved 14 November 2015
Gelbert, Carlos (2011). Ginza Rba. Sydney: Living Water Books. ISBN 9780958034630. Archived from the original on 16 March 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
Partow 2001, p. 4 Partow, Hassan (2001), The Mesopotamian Marshlands: Demise of an Ecosystem (PDF), Nairobi: UNEP, ISBN 92-807-2069-4, archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2017, retrieved 10 August 2010
Jamous 2009 Jamous, Bassam (2009), "Nouveaux Aménagements Hydrauliques sur le Moyen Euphrate Syrienne. Appel à Projets Archéologiques d'Urgence" (PDF), Studia Orontica (in French), DGAM, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2011, retrieved 14 December 2009
Sahan et al. 2001, p. 10 Sahan, Emel; Zogg, Andreas; Mason, Simon A.; Gilli, Adi (2001), Case-Study: Southeastern Anatolia Project in Turkey – GAP (PDF), Zürich, archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2005, retrieved 6 August 2010{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Sahan et al. 2001, p. 11 Sahan, Emel; Zogg, Andreas; Mason, Simon A.; Gilli, Adi (2001), Case-Study: Southeastern Anatolia Project in Turkey – GAP (PDF), Zürich, archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2005, retrieved 6 August 2010{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Anonymous 2009, p. 11 Anonymous (2009), Group Denial. Repression of Kurdish Political and Cultural Rights in Syria (PDF), New York: Human Rights Watch, OCLC 472433635, archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2018, retrieved 4 December 2016
Muir 2009 Muir, Jim (24 February 2009), "Iraq Marshes face Grave New Threat", BBC News, archived from the original on 24 February 2009, retrieved 9 August 2010
Tanaka 2007 Tanaka, Eisuke (2007), "Protecting one of the best Roman Mosaic Collections in the World: Ownership and Protection in the Case of the Roman Mosaics from Zeugma, Turkey" (PDF), Stanford Journal of Archaeology, 5: 183–202, OCLC 56070299, archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2012, retrieved 10 August 2010
Garcia-Navarro 2009 Garcia-Navarro, Lourdes (2009), Drought Reveals Iraqi Archaeological Treasures, NPR, archived from the original on 4 March 2011, retrieved 4 August 2010
Ur, Karsgaard & Oates 2007 Ur, Jason A.; Karsgaard, Philip; Oates, Joan (2007), "Early Urban Development in the Near East" (PDF), Science, 317 (5842): 1188, Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1188U, doi:10.1126/science.1138728, PMID 17761874, S2CID 10440712, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 November 2018, retrieved 4 November 2018
Hritz & Wilkinson 2006 Hritz, Carrie; Wilkinson, T.J. (2006), "Using Shuttle Radar Topography to Map Ancient Water Channels in Mesopotamia" (PDF), Antiquity, 80 (308): 415–424, doi:10.1017/S0003598X00093728, ISSN 0003-598X, S2CID 14693322, archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2020, retrieved 3 September 2019
Treaty of peace with Turkey signed at Lausanne, World War I Document Archive, archived from the original on 12 January 2013, retrieved 19 December 2010
Geopolicity 2010, pp. 11–12 Geopolicity (2010), Managing the Tigris Euphrates Watershed (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011, retrieved 20 December 2010
Kaya 1998 Kaya, Ibrahim (1998), "The Euphrates–Tigris Basin: An Overview and Opportunities for Cooperation under International Law", Arid Lands Newsletter, 44, ISSN 1092-5481, archived from the original on 6 June 2011, retrieved 10 August 2010
Geopolicity 2010, p. 16 Geopolicity (2010), Managing the Tigris Euphrates Watershed (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011, retrieved 20 December 2010
Anjarini, Suhaib (30 May 2014). "A new Turkish aggression against Syria: Ankara suspends pumping Euphrates' water". Al Akhbar. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
Pearce, Fred (25 August 2014). "Mideast Water Wars: In Iraq, A Battle for Control of Water". Yale E360. Archived from the original on 26 September 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
Krouma 2006 Krouma, I. (2006), "National Aquaculture Sector Overview. Syrian Arab Republic. National Aquaculture Sector Overview Fact Sheets", FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, FAO, archived from the original on 4 February 2021, retrieved 15 December 2009
O'Hara 2004, p. 3 O'Hara, Thomas (2004), "Coalition Celebrates Transfer of Power" (PDF), Essayons Forward, 1 (2): 3–4, OCLC 81262733, archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2009

worldcat.org

Nasoraia, Brikha H.S. (2021). The Mandaean gnostic religion: worship practice and deep thought. New Delhi: Sterling. ISBN 978-81-950824-1-4. OCLC 1272858968.
Coad 1996 Coad, B.W. (1996), "Zoogeography of the Fishes of the Tigris-Euphrates Basin", Zoology in the Middle East, 13: 51–70, doi:10.1080/09397140.1996.10637706, ISSN 0939-7140
Naval Intelligence Division 1944, pp. 203–205 Naval Intelligence Division (1944), Iraq and the Persian Gulf, Geographical Handbook Series, OCLC 1077604
Elhadj 2008 Elhadj, Elie (2008), "Dry Aquifers in Arab Countries and the Looming Food Crisis", Middle East Review of International Affairs, 12 (3), ISSN 1565-8996^{[permanent dead link]}
Anonymous 2009, p. 11 Anonymous (2009), Group Denial. Repression of Kurdish Political and Cultural Rights in Syria (PDF), New York: Human Rights Watch, OCLC 472433635, archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2018, retrieved 4 December 2016
Tanaka 2007 Tanaka, Eisuke (2007), "Protecting one of the best Roman Mosaic Collections in the World: Ownership and Protection in the Case of the Roman Mosaics from Zeugma, Turkey" (PDF), Stanford Journal of Archaeology, 5: 183–202, OCLC 56070299, archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2012, retrieved 10 August 2010
Abdul-Amir 1988 Abdul-Amir, Sabah Jasim (1988), Archaeological Survey of Ancient Settlements and Irrigation Systems in the Middle Euphrates Region of Mesopotamia (PhD thesis), Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, OCLC 615058488
Hosseinizadeh, Abdol Majid (15 December 2012). "The Four Rivers of Eden in Judaism and Islam". Al-Bayan: Journal of Qur'an and Hadith Studies. 10 (2): 33–47. doi:10.11136/jqh.1210.02.03. eISSN 2232-1969. ISSN 2232-1950.
Hritz & Wilkinson 2006 Hritz, Carrie; Wilkinson, T.J. (2006), "Using Shuttle Radar Topography to Map Ancient Water Channels in Mesopotamia" (PDF), Antiquity, 80 (308): 415–424, doi:10.1017/S0003598X00093728, ISSN 0003-598X, S2CID 14693322, archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2020, retrieved 3 September 2019
Kaya 1998 Kaya, Ibrahim (1998), "The Euphrates–Tigris Basin: An Overview and Opportunities for Cooperation under International Law", Arid Lands Newsletter, 44, ISSN 1092-5481, archived from the original on 6 June 2011, retrieved 10 August 2010
O'Hara 2004, p. 3 O'Hara, Thomas (2004), "Coalition Celebrates Transfer of Power" (PDF), Essayons Forward, 1 (2): 3–4, OCLC 81262733, archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2009

yale.edu

e360.yale.edu

Pearce, Fred (25 August 2014). "Mideast Water Wars: In Iraq, A Battle for Control of Water". Yale E360. Archived from the original on 26 September 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2020.

youtube.com

Eupherates of Syria Cut Off by Turkey. 30 May 2014. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 – via YouTube.

zunia.org

Geopolicity 2010, pp. 11–12 Geopolicity (2010), Managing the Tigris Euphrates Watershed (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011, retrieved 20 December 2010
Geopolicity 2010, p. 16 Geopolicity (2010), Managing the Tigris Euphrates Watershed (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011, retrieved 20 December 2010