Fascism and ideology (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Fascism and ideology" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

115books.google.com

3^rd place

12web.archive.org

1^st place

6worldcat.org

5^th place

5doi.org

2^nd place

3semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

3jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

3theguardian.com

12^th place

11^th place

2britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

2bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

2vox.com

484^th place

323^rd place

1worktribe.com

low place

1newrepublic.com

1,948^th place

1,153^rd place

1stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

1loc.gov

70^th place

63^rd place

1iht.com

1,663^rd place

1,167^th place

1derechos.org

low place

1newyorker.com

146^th place

110^th place

1qantara.de

low place

9,021^st place

1washingtoninstitute.org

5,572^nd place

4,731^st place

1aljazeera.com

268^th place

215^th place

1theprint.in

987^th place

560^th place

1openedition.org

666^th place

1,300^th place

1politico.com

312^th place

197^th place

1nytimes.com

7^th place

1newsweek.com

269^th place

201^st place

1newstatesman.com

1,108^th place

661^st place

1historyguide.org

low place

1archive.org

6^th place

1theatlantic.com

228^th place

158^th place

aljazeera.com

Strickland, Patrick (14 February 2018). "Why do Italian fascists adore Syria's Bashar al-Assad?". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023.

archive.org

Payne, Stanley G. (1995). A history of fascism, 1914–1945. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-299-14870-6. Retrieved 7 February 2022. What fascist movements had in common was the aim of a new functional relationship for the social and economic systems, eliminating the autonomy (or, in some proposals, the existence) of large-scale capitalism and major industry, and creating a new communal or reciprocal productive relationship through new priorities, ideals, and extensive government control and regulation.

bbc.com

"Nazi war criminal Alois Brunner 'died in Syria'". BBC News. 1 December 2014. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023.
"Nazi war criminal Alois Brunner 'died in Syria squalor'". BBC News. 11 January 2017. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023.

books.google.com

Griffin, Roger (11 October 2013) [1991]. "A New Ideal Type of Generic Fascism". The Nature of Fascism (reprint, revised ed.). London: Routledge. p. 26. ISBN 9781136145889. Retrieved 2 November 2024. [...] it is high time we set out our own stall. We propose to do so by offering a concise definition [...]: Fascism is a genus of political ideology whose mythic core in its various permutations is a palingenetic form of populist ultranationalism.
Edwards 1999, p. 221. Edwards, Catharine, ed. (1999). Roman Presences: Receptions of Rome in European Culture, 1789–1945. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521591973.
Griffin, Miriam (2008). A Companion to Julius Caesar. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 435–439. ISBN 978-1444308457.
Edwards 1999, p. 207. Edwards, Catharine, ed. (1999). Roman Presences: Receptions of Rome in European Culture, 1789–1945. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521591973.
Edwards 1999, p. 223. Edwards, Catharine, ed. (1999). Roman Presences: Receptions of Rome in European Culture, 1789–1945. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521591973.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 140–141. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 257. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 62. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 258. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, pp. 23–24. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 24. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 29. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Tremlett, Paul-François (3 November 2011) [2008]. "Re-Thinking Reductionism". Religion and the Discourse on Modernity. Continuum Advances in Religious Studies. London: A&C Black. p. https://books.google.com/books?id=rZdJyPI07eMC&pg=PT61. ISBN 9781441132369. Retrieved 28 June 2025. For Nietzsche, Christian values produce a herd mentality and a hatred of the body.
Payne 1996, pp. 24–25. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 25. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 30. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 418. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Gregor 1979a, p. 67. Gregor, Anthony James (1979). Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691052861.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 419. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 418–419. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, p. 46. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Antliff 2007, p. 75. Antliff, Mark (2007). Avant-Garde Fascism: The Mobilization of Myth, Art, and Culture in France, 1909–1939. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822390473.
Antliff 2007, p. 75-81. Antliff, Mark (2007). Avant-Garde Fascism: The Mobilization of Myth, Art, and Culture in France, 1909–1939. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822390473.
Antliff 2007, p. 81. Antliff, Mark (2007). Avant-Garde Fascism: The Mobilization of Myth, Art, and Culture in France, 1909–1939. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822390473.
Antliff 2007, p. 77. Antliff, Mark (2007). Avant-Garde Fascism: The Mobilization of Myth, Art, and Culture in France, 1909–1939. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822390473.
Antliff 2007, p. 82. Antliff, Mark (2007). Avant-Garde Fascism: The Mobilization of Myth, Art, and Culture in France, 1909–1939. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822390473.
Talmon, Jacob Leib (1 January 1981). "The Legacy of Georges Sorel - Marxism, Violence, Fascism". The Myth of the Nation and the Vision of Revolution: The Origins of Ideological Polarisation in the Twentieth Century. History of totalitarian democracy, volume 3. London: Secker and Warburg. p. 451. ISBN 9780520044494. Retrieved 28 June 2025. Mussolini repeatedly acknowledged Sorel as his master: 'What I am, I owe to Sorel.'
Gregor 1979a, pp. 195–196. Gregor, Anthony James (1979). Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691052861.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 95–96. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 96. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Borsella 2007, p. 69. Borsella, Cristogianni (2007). Fascist Italy: A Concise Historical Narrative. Branden Books. ISBN 978-0828321556.
Borsella 2007, pp. 69–70. Borsella, Cristogianni (2007). Fascist Italy: A Concise Historical Narrative. Branden Books. ISBN 978-0828321556.
Borsella 2007, p. 70. Borsella, Cristogianni (2007). Fascist Italy: A Concise Historical Narrative. Branden Books. ISBN 978-0828321556.
Borsella 2007, p. 73. Borsella, Cristogianni (2007). Fascist Italy: A Concise Historical Narrative. Branden Books. ISBN 978-0828321556.
Borsella 2007, p. 75. Borsella, Cristogianni (2007). Fascist Italy: A Concise Historical Narrative. Branden Books. ISBN 978-0828321556.
Borsella 2007, p. 72. Borsella, Cristogianni (2007). Fascist Italy: A Concise Historical Narrative. Branden Books. ISBN 978-0828321556.
Borsella 2007, p. 76. Borsella, Cristogianni (2007). Fascist Italy: A Concise Historical Narrative. Branden Books. ISBN 978-0828321556.
Payne 1996, p. 108. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 110. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 113. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 114. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 115. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, pp. 119–120. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 122. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 150. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, p. 132. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 745. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Griffin 1991, p. 121. Griffin, Roger (1991). The Nature of Fascism. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312071325.
Payne 1996, pp. 269–270. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, pp. 281–288. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 145. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, pp. 352–353. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 353. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 343. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Griffin 1991, pp. 150–152. Griffin, Roger (1991). The Nature of Fascism. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312071325.
Payne 1996, pp. 341–342. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 512. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, p. 338. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Griffin 1991, p. 159. Griffin, Roger (1991). The Nature of Fascism. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312071325.
Griffin 1991, p. 160. Griffin, Roger (1991). The Nature of Fascism. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312071325.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 82–84. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 82-84. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, p. 517. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 518. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 333. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, pp. 517–518. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Laqueur 1978, p. 357. Laqueur, Walter (1978). Fascism: A Reader's Guide: Analyses, Interpretations, Bibliography. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520036420.
Overy 1994, p. 1. Overy, Richard (1994). War and Economy in the Third Reich. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198202905.
Laqueur 1978, pp. 19–20. Laqueur, Walter (1978). Fascism: A Reader's Guide: Analyses, Interpretations, Bibliography. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520036420.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 336. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, pp. 187–188, 226. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Salvemini 1936, p. 134. Salvemini, Gaetano (1936). Under the Axe of Fascism. V. Gollancz, Limited.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 404. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Laqueur 1978, p. 139. Laqueur, Walter (1978). Fascism: A Reader's Guide: Analyses, Interpretations, Bibliography. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520036420.
Salvemini 1936, p. 130. Salvemini, Gaetano (1936). Under the Axe of Fascism. V. Gollancz, Limited.
Salvemini 1936, p. 131. Salvemini, Gaetano (1936). Under the Axe of Fascism. V. Gollancz, Limited.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 72. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 551. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 102. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, p. 186. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, pp. 186–187. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 187. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 190. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Overy 1994, p. 4. Overy, Richard (1994). War and Economy in the Third Reich. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198202905.
Overy 1994, p. 17. Overy, Richard (1994). War and Economy in the Third Reich. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198202905.
Overy 1994, pp. 12–13, 16–17. Overy, Richard (1994). War and Economy in the Third Reich. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198202905.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 189. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 147. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Griffin 1991, p. 49. Griffin, Roger (1991). The Nature of Fascism. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312071325.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 8. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 21. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, p. 16. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 10. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 560–561. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 9. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 10, 17. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 200. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 154. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Neocleous, Mark (1997) Fascism. University of Minnesota Press. Chapter 4, pp. 57–60 ISBN 9780816630394
Payne 1996, p. 224. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, p. 226. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 722. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Gregor 1979a, p. 257. Gregor, Anthony James (1979). Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691052861.
Gregor 1979a, p. 259. Gregor, Anthony James (1979). Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691052861.
Gregor 1979a, pp. 258–264. Gregor, Anthony James (1979). Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691052861.
Gregor 1979a, p. 263. Gregor, Anthony James (1979). Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691052861.
Gregor 1979a, p. 260. Gregor, Anthony James (1979). Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691052861.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 610, 404. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 57. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 192. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, pp. 95, 403. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 143. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Blamires & Jackson 2006, p. 610. Blamires, Cyprian; Jackson, Paul (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079409.
Payne 1996, p. 125. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.
Payne 1996, pp. 124–128. Payne, Stanley G. (1996). A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299148737.

britannica.com

"Fiume question". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 8 May 2025.
"Fascism". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2 May 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.

derechos.org

Rory, Carroll (25 June 2003). "Italy's bloody secret". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 August 2014.

doi.org

Roche, Helen (2017). ""Distant Models"? Italian Fascism, National Socialism, and the Lure of the Classics". Brill's Companion to the Classics, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. pp. 3–28. doi:10.1163/9789004299061_002. ISBN 978-90-04-29906-1.
Roche, Helen (17 December 2019). "Mussolini's 'Third Rome', Hitler's Third Reich and the Allure of Antiquity: Classicizing Chronopolitics as a Remedy for Unstable National Identity?". Fascism. 8 (2): 127–152. doi:10.1163/22116257-00802004. ISSN 2211-6257. S2CID 212420296.
Klapsis, Antonis (1 December 2014). "Economic Crisis and Political Extremism in Europe: From the 1930s to the Present". European View. 13 (2): 189–198. doi:10.1007/s12290-014-0315-5. S2CID 153756738.
Buchheim, Christoph; Scherner, Jonas (June 2006). "The Role of Private Property in the Nazi Economy: The Case of Industry". The Journal of Economic History. 66 (2): 408–409. doi:10.1017/S0022050706000167.
Wistrich, Robert S. (1976). "Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4): 157–184. doi:10.1177/002200947601100409. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260195. S2CID 140420352.

historyguide.org

"Benito Mussolini, Doctrine of Fascism". HistoryGuide.org. 1932.

iht.com

Survivors of war camp lament Italy's amnesia Archived 20 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine, 2003, International Herald Tribune

jstor.org

"Barres and Fascism" by Robert Soucy, French Historical Studies, Vol. 5, No. 1 (Spring, 1967), pp. 67–97. Duke University Press. Article Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/285867. pp. 87–90
Effie G. H. Pedaliu (2004) Britain and the 'Hand-over' of Italian War Criminals to Yugoslavia, 1945–48.(JStor.org preview), Journal of Contemporary History. Vol. 39, No. 4, Special Issue: Collective Memory, pp. 503–529
Wistrich, Robert S. (1976). "Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4): 157–184. doi:10.1177/002200947601100409. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260195. S2CID 140420352.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Parmelle, Maurice (1934). Bolshevism, Fascism, and the Liberal-Democratic State. London; New York: Chapman and Hill, Ltd., J. Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 190. LCCN 34040068. OCLC 1820279.

newrepublic.com

Cole, Myke (1 August 2019). "The Sparta Fetish Is a Cultural Cancer". The New Republic. Archived from the original on 26 March 2025.

newstatesman.com

Evans, Richard J. (13 January 2021). "Why Trump isn't a fascist". New Statesman.

newsweek.com

Paxton, Robert O. (11 January 2021). "I've Hesitated to Call Donald Trump a Fascist. Until Now". Newsweek. Retrieved 1 February 2021.

newyorker.com

Taub, Ben (13 September 2021). "How a Syrian War criminal and Double Agent Disappeared in Europe". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023.

nytimes.com

Szalai, Jennifer (10 June 2020). "The Debate Over the Word 'Fascism' Takes a New Turn". The New York Times.

openedition.org

journals.openedition.org

Dafaure, Maxime (April 2020). "The 'Great Meme War:' the Alt-Right and its Enemies". Angles: New Perspectives on the Anglophone World. 10.

politico.com

Scott, Mark; Overly, Steven (12 May 2020). "Conspiracy theorists, far-right extremists around the world seize on the pandemic". Politico.

qantara.de

en.qantara.de

Monti, Germano (14 April 2014). "A red-brown alliance for Syria". Qantara. Archived from the original on 23 March 2023.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Roche, Helen (17 December 2019). "Mussolini's 'Third Rome', Hitler's Third Reich and the Allure of Antiquity: Classicizing Chronopolitics as a Remedy for Unstable National Identity?". Fascism. 8 (2): 127–152. doi:10.1163/22116257-00802004. ISSN 2211-6257. S2CID 212420296.
Klapsis, Antonis (1 December 2014). "Economic Crisis and Political Extremism in Europe: From the 1930s to the Present". European View. 13 (2): 189–198. doi:10.1007/s12290-014-0315-5. S2CID 153756738.
Wistrich, Robert S. (1976). "Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4): 157–184. doi:10.1177/002200947601100409. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260195. S2CID 140420352.

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

"Eugenics". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University. 2 July 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2015.

theatlantic.com

Beinart, Peter (6 August 2017). "The Rise of the Violent Left". The Atlantic. Retrieved 21 October 2020.

theguardian.com

Motadel, David (17 August 2017). "The United States was never immune to fascism. Not then, not now". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
Belam, Martin and Gabatt, Adam (30 September 2020) "Proud Boys: who are the far-right group that backs Donald Trump?" The Guardian
Levin, Sam (12 September 2018). "California transit agency allows ad from Holocaust denial group". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.

theprint.in

"Global Pulse: Taking a right turn". The Print. 14 November 2017. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.

vox.com

Matthews, Dylan (14 January 2021). "The F Word: The debate over whether to call Donald Trump a fascist, and why it matters". Vox.
Beauchamp, Zack (8 June 2020). "Antifa, explained". Vox. Retrieved 21 October 2020.

washingtoninstitute.org

Osman, Rawan (6 February 2020). "New Forms of Old Hate: Confronting Assad's Anti-Semitism in Germany". Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Archived from the original on 2 February 2021.

web.archive.org

Cole, Myke (1 August 2019). "The Sparta Fetish Is a Cultural Cancer". The New Republic. Archived from the original on 26 March 2025.
Survivors of war camp lament Italy's amnesia Archived 20 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine, 2003, International Herald Tribune
Rory, Carroll (25 June 2003). "Italy's bloody secret". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 August 2014.
Taub, Ben (13 September 2021). "How a Syrian War criminal and Double Agent Disappeared in Europe". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023.
"Nazi war criminal Alois Brunner 'died in Syria'". BBC News. 1 December 2014. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023.
"Nazi war criminal Alois Brunner 'died in Syria squalor'". BBC News. 11 January 2017. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023.
Monti, Germano (14 April 2014). "A red-brown alliance for Syria". Qantara. Archived from the original on 23 March 2023.
Osman, Rawan (6 February 2020). "New Forms of Old Hate: Confronting Assad's Anti-Semitism in Germany". Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Archived from the original on 2 February 2021.
Strickland, Patrick (14 February 2018). "Why do Italian fascists adore Syria's Bashar al-Assad?". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023.
Motadel, David (17 August 2017). "The United States was never immune to fascism. Not then, not now". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
"Global Pulse: Taking a right turn". The Print. 14 November 2017. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
Levin, Sam (12 September 2018). "California transit agency allows ad from Holocaust denial group". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.

worktribe.com

durham-repository.worktribe.com

Roche, Helen (2017). ""Distant Models"? Italian Fascism, National Socialism, and the Lure of the Classics". Brill's Companion to the Classics, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. pp. 3–28. doi:10.1163/9789004299061_002. ISBN 978-90-04-29906-1.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Roche, Helen (17 December 2019). "Mussolini's 'Third Rome', Hitler's Third Reich and the Allure of Antiquity: Classicizing Chronopolitics as a Remedy for Unstable National Identity?". Fascism. 8 (2): 127–152. doi:10.1163/22116257-00802004. ISSN 2211-6257. S2CID 212420296.
Parmelle, Maurice (1934). Bolshevism, Fascism, and the Liberal-Democratic State. London; New York: Chapman and Hill, Ltd., J. Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 190. LCCN 34040068. OCLC 1820279.
Ákos Ferwagner, Péter (2022). "2: Antoun Saadeh and the Concept of the Syrian Nation". In Záhořík, Jan; Morone, Antonio M. (eds.). Histories of Nationalism Beyond Europe: Myths, Elitism and Transnational Connections. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 42–45. ISBN 978-3-030-92675-5. OCLC 1335120225.
Motadel, David (17 August 2017). "The United States was never immune to fascism. Not then, not now". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
Levin, Sam (12 September 2018). "California transit agency allows ad from Holocaust denial group". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.
Wistrich, Robert S. (1976). "Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4): 157–184. doi:10.1177/002200947601100409. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260195. S2CID 140420352.