Fast food (English Wikipedia)

BBC (August 31, 2006). "Eel and pie shop". BBC. Archived from the original on March 7, 2008. Retrieved November 24, 2007.
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bbc.co.uk

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doi.org

Bao, Wei; Tobias, Deirdre K.; Olsen, Sjurdur F.; Zhang, Cuilin (December 1, 2014). "Pre-pregnancy fried food consumption and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study". Diabetologia. 57 (12): 2485–2491. doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3382-x. ISSN 1432-0428. PMC 4221538. PMID 25303998.
Pan, An; Malik, Vasanti; Hu, Frank B. (July 10, 2012). "Exporting Diabetes to Asia: The Impact of Western-Style Fast Food". Circulation. 126 (2): 163–165. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.115923. ISSN 0009-7322. PMC 3401093. PMID 22753305.
Laudan, Rachel (2001). "A Plea for Culinary Modernism: Why We Should Love New, Fast, Processed Food". Gastronomica: The Journal of Critical Food Studies. 1: 36–44. doi:10.1525/gfc.2001.1.1.36. S2CID 154951102.
Jaworowska, Agnieszka; Blackham, Toni; Davies, Ian G.; Stevenson, Leonard (May 1, 2013). "Nutritional challenges and health implications of takeaway and fast food" (PDF). Nutrition Reviews. 71 (5): 310–318. doi:10.1111/nure.12031. ISSN 0029-6643. PMID 23590707. S2CID 20897192. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 8, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
Smith, Lindsey P.; Ng, Shu Wen; Popkin, Barry M. (May 1, 2014). "Resistant to the recession: low-income adults' maintenance of cooking and away-from-home eating behaviors during times of economic turbulence". American Journal of Public Health. 104 (5): 840–846. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301677. ISSN 1541-0048. PMC 3987573. PMID 24625145.
Monteiro, C.A.; Moubarac, J.-C.; Cannon, G.; Ng, S.W.; Popkin, B. (2013). "Ultra-processed products are becoming dominant in the global food system". Obesity Reviews. 14 (Suppl 2): 21–8. doi:10.1111/obr.12107. PMID 24102801. S2CID 13735684.
Rehm, Colin D.; Drewnowski, Adam (2014). "A New Method to Monitor the Contribution of Fast Food Restaurants to the Diets of US Children". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e103543. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j3543R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103543. PMC 4111613. PMID 25062277.
Cameron Allan; Greg J. Bamber; Nils Timo (September 1, 2006). "Fast-food work: are McJobs satisfying?". Employee Relations. 28 (5): 402–420. doi:10.1108/01425450610683627. ISSN 0142-5455.
Bernhardt, Amy M.; Wilking, Cara; Gottlieb, Mark (May 2014). "Children's Reaction to Depictions of Healthy Foods in Fast-Food Television Advertisements". JAMA Pediatrics. 168 (5): 422–426. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.140. PMID 24686476. S2CID 38991522. Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
Jeffery, Robert (January 25, 2006). "Are fast food restaurants an environmental risk factor for obesity?". International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 3: 2. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-3-2. PMC 1397859. PMID 16436207.
Ronald, Adams (September 8, 2008). "Fast Food and Animal Rights: An Examination and Assessment of the Industry's Response to Social Pressure". Business and Society Review. 113 (3): 301–328. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8594.2008.00322.x. S2CID 154438433.
Smith, Vicki (November 4, 1998). "The Fractured World of the Temporary Worker: Power, Participation, and Fragmentation in the Contemporary Workplace". Social Problems. 45 (4): 411–430. doi:10.2307/3097205. JSTOR 3097205.
Duffey, Kiyah (January 2007). "Differential associations of fast food and restaurant food consumption with 3-y change in body mass index: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 85 (1): 201–8. doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.1.201. PMID 17209197. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
French, Simone (May 2001). "Environmental Influences on Eating and Physical Activity". Annual Review of Public Health. 22: 309–35. doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.22.1.309. PMID 11274524.
Hossein Rouhani, Mohammad; Mirseifinezhad, Maryam; Omrani, Nasrin; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad; Azadbakht, Leila (2012). "Fast Food Consumption, Quality of Diet, and Obesity among Isfahanian Adolescent Girls". Journal of Obesity. 2012: 597924. doi:10.1155/2012/597924. PMC 3352603. PMID 22619703.
A. Washi, Sidiga; Maha B. Ageib (2010). "Poor diet quality and food habits are related to impaired nutritional status in 13- to 18-year-old adolescents in Jeddah". Nutrition Research. 30 (8): 527–34. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2010.07.002. PMID 20851306.
Nixon, Laura; Mejia, Pamela; Dorfman, Lori; Cheyne, Andrew; Young, Sandra; Friedman, Lissy C.; Gottlieb, Mark A.; Wooten, Heather (March 2015). "Fast-Food Fights: News Coverage of Local Efforts to Improve Food Environments Through Land-Use Regulation, 2000–2013 [corrected]". The American Journal of Public Health. 105 (3): 490–496. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302368. PMC 4330826. PMID 25602875.
Hilger, J.; Loerbroks, A.; Diehl, K. (2017). "Eating behaviour of university students in Germany: Dietary intake, barriers to healthy eating and changes in eating behaviour since the time of matriculation". Appetite. 109: 100–107. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.016. PMID 27864073. S2CID 3626607 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
Purtell, K. M.; Gershoff, E. T. (2014). "Fast Food Consumption and Academic Growth in Late Childhood". Clinical Pediatrics. 54 (9): 871–77. doi:10.1177/0009922814561742. PMC 8887837. PMID 25480321. S2CID 25605019.
Brindal, Emily; Mohr, Philip; Wilson, Carlene; Wittert, Gary (July 1, 2008). "Obesity and the effects of choice at a fast food restaurant". Obesity Research & Clinical Practice. 2 (2): 111–117. doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2008.03.004. ISSN 1871-403X. PMID 24351729.

eapplicants.com

"Fast Food Job Applications". Archived from the original on August 30, 2019. Retrieved June 22, 2016.

ed.gov

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James F. Sallis, Karen Glanz. "The Role of Built Environments in Physical Activity, Eating, and Obesity in Childhood Archived January 1, 2019, at the Wayback Machine". The Future of Children Volume 16, Number 1, Spring 2006 pp. 89–108 | 10.1353/foc.2006.0009. Alternative link Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine

eurekalert.org

"The link between fast food and depression has been confirmed". EurekAlert!. Archived from the original on April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 22, 2018.

fastfoodmarketing.org

University, Yale. "Fast Food FACTS — Fast Food Facts in Brief". www.fastfoodmarketing.org. Archived from the original on May 12, 2017. Retrieved April 18, 2017.

federationoffishfriers.co.uk

"Federation of Fish Friers – Serving the Fish and Chips Industry – History". Archived from the original on December 18, 2012. Retrieved May 24, 2015.

franchisehelp.com

"Fast Food Industry Analysis 2018 – Cost & Trends". franchisehelp.com. Franchise Help. 2018. p. 1. Archived from the original on July 16, 2019. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
"Fast Food Industry Analysis 2015 – Cost & Trends". Archived from the original on March 17, 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2015.

globenewswire.com

"Quick Service Restaurants (QSR) Market Worth USD 577.71 Billion by 2028 at 3.65% CAGR – Report by Market Research Future (MRFR)". GlobeNewswire (Press release). August 18, 2021. Archived from the original on August 26, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.

harvard.edu

health.harvard.edu

Publications, Harvard Health. "Red meat and colon cancer – Harvard Health". Archived from the original on December 22, 2016. Retrieved August 16, 2016.

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Rehm, Colin D.; Drewnowski, Adam (2014). "A New Method to Monitor the Contribution of Fast Food Restaurants to the Diets of US Children". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e103543. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j3543R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103543. PMC 4111613. PMID 25062277.

healthaffairs.org

content.healthaffairs.org

Michelle Mello, Eric B. Rimm and David M. Studdert. "The McLawsuit: The Fast-Food Industry and Legal Accountability for Obesity". Health Affairs. November 2003. vol. 22 no. 6 207–216. Archived August 28, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.

historic-uk.com

"The History of Fish and Chips". Historic England. Archived from the original on June 8, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.

jamanetwork.com

Bernhardt, Amy M.; Wilking, Cara; Gottlieb, Mark (May 2014). "Children's Reaction to Depictions of Healthy Foods in Fast-Food Television Advertisements". JAMA Pediatrics. 168 (5): 422–426. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.140. PMID 24686476. S2CID 38991522. Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.

jhu.edu

muse.jhu.edu

James F. Sallis, Karen Glanz. "The Role of Built Environments in Physical Activity, Eating, and Obesity in Childhood Archived January 1, 2019, at the Wayback Machine". The Future of Children Volume 16, Number 1, Spring 2006 pp. 89–108 | 10.1353/foc.2006.0009. Alternative link Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine

jpfarrell.blogspot.com

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jstor.org

Freeman, Andrea (December 6, 2007). "Fast Food: Oppression through Poor Nutrition". California Law Review. 95 (6): 2221–2259. JSTOR 20439143.
Smith, Vicki (November 4, 1998). "The Fractured World of the Temporary Worker: Power, Participation, and Fragmentation in the Contemporary Workplace". Social Problems. 45 (4): 411–430. doi:10.2307/3097205. JSTOR 3097205.

kfc.com

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latimes.com

Tami Abdollah (September 10, 2007). "A strict order for fast food". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 29, 2013. Retrieved December 27, 2013.
Chang, Andrea; Lee, Don (March 27, 2024). "Higher prices on the menu as fast-food chains brace for California's big minimum wage jump". Los Angeles Times. ...labor accounts for roughly a third of a typical fast-food operator's expenses. ... Over the years, the average age of fast-food workers in the U.S. has been rising gradually as many teens have instead sought enrichment jobs to prepare for college. The median age for fast-food workers is now 22.1, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

livestrong.com

Hellesvig-Gaskell, Karen. "Definition of Fast Foods | LIVESTRONG.COM". LIVESTRONG.COM. Archived from the original on March 2, 2022. Retrieved May 3, 2016.

ljmu.ac.uk

researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk

Jaworowska, Agnieszka; Blackham, Toni; Davies, Ian G.; Stevenson, Leonard (May 1, 2013). "Nutritional challenges and health implications of takeaway and fast food" (PDF). Nutrition Reviews. 71 (5): 310–318. doi:10.1111/nure.12031. ISSN 0029-6643. PMID 23590707. S2CID 20897192. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 8, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bao, Wei; Tobias, Deirdre K.; Olsen, Sjurdur F.; Zhang, Cuilin (December 1, 2014). "Pre-pregnancy fried food consumption and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study". Diabetologia. 57 (12): 2485–2491. doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3382-x. ISSN 1432-0428. PMC 4221538. PMID 25303998.
Pan, An; Malik, Vasanti; Hu, Frank B. (July 10, 2012). "Exporting Diabetes to Asia: The Impact of Western-Style Fast Food". Circulation. 126 (2): 163–165. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.115923. ISSN 0009-7322. PMC 3401093. PMID 22753305.
Jaworowska, Agnieszka; Blackham, Toni; Davies, Ian G.; Stevenson, Leonard (May 1, 2013). "Nutritional challenges and health implications of takeaway and fast food" (PDF). Nutrition Reviews. 71 (5): 310–318. doi:10.1111/nure.12031. ISSN 0029-6643. PMID 23590707. S2CID 20897192. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 8, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
Smith, Lindsey P.; Ng, Shu Wen; Popkin, Barry M. (May 1, 2014). "Resistant to the recession: low-income adults' maintenance of cooking and away-from-home eating behaviors during times of economic turbulence". American Journal of Public Health. 104 (5): 840–846. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301677. ISSN 1541-0048. PMC 3987573. PMID 24625145.
Monteiro, C.A.; Moubarac, J.-C.; Cannon, G.; Ng, S.W.; Popkin, B. (2013). "Ultra-processed products are becoming dominant in the global food system". Obesity Reviews. 14 (Suppl 2): 21–8. doi:10.1111/obr.12107. PMID 24102801. S2CID 13735684.
Rehm, Colin D.; Drewnowski, Adam (2014). "A New Method to Monitor the Contribution of Fast Food Restaurants to the Diets of US Children". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e103543. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j3543R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103543. PMC 4111613. PMID 25062277.
Bernhardt, Amy M.; Wilking, Cara; Gottlieb, Mark (May 2014). "Children's Reaction to Depictions of Healthy Foods in Fast-Food Television Advertisements". JAMA Pediatrics. 168 (5): 422–426. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.140. PMID 24686476. S2CID 38991522. Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
Jeffery, Robert (January 25, 2006). "Are fast food restaurants an environmental risk factor for obesity?". International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 3: 2. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-3-2. PMC 1397859. PMID 16436207.
Duffey, Kiyah (January 2007). "Differential associations of fast food and restaurant food consumption with 3-y change in body mass index: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 85 (1): 201–8. doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.1.201. PMID 17209197. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
French, Simone (May 2001). "Environmental Influences on Eating and Physical Activity". Annual Review of Public Health. 22: 309–35. doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.22.1.309. PMID 11274524.
Hossein Rouhani, Mohammad; Mirseifinezhad, Maryam; Omrani, Nasrin; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad; Azadbakht, Leila (2012). "Fast Food Consumption, Quality of Diet, and Obesity among Isfahanian Adolescent Girls". Journal of Obesity. 2012: 597924. doi:10.1155/2012/597924. PMC 3352603. PMID 22619703.
A. Washi, Sidiga; Maha B. Ageib (2010). "Poor diet quality and food habits are related to impaired nutritional status in 13- to 18-year-old adolescents in Jeddah". Nutrition Research. 30 (8): 527–34. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2010.07.002. PMID 20851306.
Nixon, Laura; Mejia, Pamela; Dorfman, Lori; Cheyne, Andrew; Young, Sandra; Friedman, Lissy C.; Gottlieb, Mark A.; Wooten, Heather (March 2015). "Fast-Food Fights: News Coverage of Local Efforts to Improve Food Environments Through Land-Use Regulation, 2000–2013 [corrected]". The American Journal of Public Health. 105 (3): 490–496. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302368. PMC 4330826. PMID 25602875.
Hilger, J.; Loerbroks, A.; Diehl, K. (2017). "Eating behaviour of university students in Germany: Dietary intake, barriers to healthy eating and changes in eating behaviour since the time of matriculation". Appetite. 109: 100–107. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.016. PMID 27864073. S2CID 3626607 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
Purtell, K. M.; Gershoff, E. T. (2014). "Fast Food Consumption and Academic Growth in Late Childhood". Clinical Pediatrics. 54 (9): 871–77. doi:10.1177/0009922814561742. PMC 8887837. PMID 25480321. S2CID 25605019.
Brindal, Emily; Mohr, Philip; Wilson, Carlene; Wittert, Gary (July 1, 2008). "Obesity and the effects of choice at a fast food restaurant". Obesity Research & Clinical Practice. 2 (2): 111–117. doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2008.03.004. ISSN 1871-403X. PMID 24351729.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bao, Wei; Tobias, Deirdre K.; Olsen, Sjurdur F.; Zhang, Cuilin (December 1, 2014). "Pre-pregnancy fried food consumption and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study". Diabetologia. 57 (12): 2485–2491. doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3382-x. ISSN 1432-0428. PMC 4221538. PMID 25303998.
Pan, An; Malik, Vasanti; Hu, Frank B. (July 10, 2012). "Exporting Diabetes to Asia: The Impact of Western-Style Fast Food". Circulation. 126 (2): 163–165. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.115923. ISSN 0009-7322. PMC 3401093. PMID 22753305.
Smith, Lindsey P.; Ng, Shu Wen; Popkin, Barry M. (May 1, 2014). "Resistant to the recession: low-income adults' maintenance of cooking and away-from-home eating behaviors during times of economic turbulence". American Journal of Public Health. 104 (5): 840–846. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301677. ISSN 1541-0048. PMC 3987573. PMID 24625145.
Rehm, Colin D.; Drewnowski, Adam (2014). "A New Method to Monitor the Contribution of Fast Food Restaurants to the Diets of US Children". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e103543. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j3543R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103543. PMC 4111613. PMID 25062277.
Jeffery, Robert (January 25, 2006). "Are fast food restaurants an environmental risk factor for obesity?". International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 3: 2. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-3-2. PMC 1397859. PMID 16436207.
Hossein Rouhani, Mohammad; Mirseifinezhad, Maryam; Omrani, Nasrin; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad; Azadbakht, Leila (2012). "Fast Food Consumption, Quality of Diet, and Obesity among Isfahanian Adolescent Girls". Journal of Obesity. 2012: 597924. doi:10.1155/2012/597924. PMC 3352603. PMID 22619703.
Nixon, Laura; Mejia, Pamela; Dorfman, Lori; Cheyne, Andrew; Young, Sandra; Friedman, Lissy C.; Gottlieb, Mark A.; Wooten, Heather (March 2015). "Fast-Food Fights: News Coverage of Local Efforts to Improve Food Environments Through Land-Use Regulation, 2000–2013 [corrected]". The American Journal of Public Health. 105 (3): 490–496. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302368. PMC 4330826. PMID 25602875.
Purtell, K. M.; Gershoff, E. T. (2014). "Fast Food Consumption and Academic Growth in Late Childhood". Clinical Pediatrics. 54 (9): 871–77. doi:10.1177/0009922814561742. PMC 8887837. PMID 25480321. S2CID 25605019.

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Duffey, Kiyah (January 2007). "Differential associations of fast food and restaurant food consumption with 3-y change in body mass index: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 85 (1): 201–8. doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.1.201. PMID 17209197. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2016.

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Laudan, Rachel (2001). "A Plea for Culinary Modernism: Why We Should Love New, Fast, Processed Food". Gastronomica: The Journal of Critical Food Studies. 1: 36–44. doi:10.1525/gfc.2001.1.1.36. S2CID 154951102.
Jaworowska, Agnieszka; Blackham, Toni; Davies, Ian G.; Stevenson, Leonard (May 1, 2013). "Nutritional challenges and health implications of takeaway and fast food" (PDF). Nutrition Reviews. 71 (5): 310–318. doi:10.1111/nure.12031. ISSN 0029-6643. PMID 23590707. S2CID 20897192. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 8, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
Monteiro, C.A.; Moubarac, J.-C.; Cannon, G.; Ng, S.W.; Popkin, B. (2013). "Ultra-processed products are becoming dominant in the global food system". Obesity Reviews. 14 (Suppl 2): 21–8. doi:10.1111/obr.12107. PMID 24102801. S2CID 13735684.
Bernhardt, Amy M.; Wilking, Cara; Gottlieb, Mark (May 2014). "Children's Reaction to Depictions of Healthy Foods in Fast-Food Television Advertisements". JAMA Pediatrics. 168 (5): 422–426. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.140. PMID 24686476. S2CID 38991522. Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
Ronald, Adams (September 8, 2008). "Fast Food and Animal Rights: An Examination and Assessment of the Industry's Response to Social Pressure". Business and Society Review. 113 (3): 301–328. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8594.2008.00322.x. S2CID 154438433.
Hilger, J.; Loerbroks, A.; Diehl, K. (2017). "Eating behaviour of university students in Germany: Dietary intake, barriers to healthy eating and changes in eating behaviour since the time of matriculation". Appetite. 109: 100–107. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.016. PMID 27864073. S2CID 3626607 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
Purtell, K. M.; Gershoff, E. T. (2014). "Fast Food Consumption and Academic Growth in Late Childhood". Clinical Pediatrics. 54 (9): 871–77. doi:10.1177/0009922814561742. PMC 8887837. PMID 25480321. S2CID 25605019.

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