Fat hydrogenation (English Wikipedia)

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

chp.gov.hk

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

dgfett.de

"Wilhelm Normann und die Geschichte der Fetthärtung von Martin Fiedler, 2001". 20 December 2011. Archived from the original on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2007.

doi.org

Ian P. Freeman "Margarines and Shortenings" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a16_145
Teresa Tarrago-Trani, Maria; Phillips, Katherine M.; Lemar, Linda E.; Holden, Joanne M. (2006). "New and Existing Oils and Fats Used in Products with Reduced Trans-Fatty Acid Content" (PDF). Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 106 (6): 867–880. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.03.010. PMID 16720128.
the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.
Ascherio A, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC (1999). "Trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 340 (25): 1994–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM199906243402511. PMID 10379026. Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 14 September 2006.

eatforhealth.gov.au

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

espacenet.com

worldwide.espacenet.com

de 141029 Process for converting unsaturated fatty acids or their glycerides into saturated compounds
gb 190301515 Process for converting unsaturated fatty acids or their glycerides into saturated compounds

harvard.edu

hsph.harvard.edu

Ascherio A, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC (1999). "Trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 340 (25): 1994–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM199906243402511. PMID 10379026. Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 14 September 2006.

health.gov

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

health.govt.nz

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

healthhub.sg

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

independent.co.uk

"Deadly fats: why are we still eating them?". The Independent. 2008-06-10. Archived from the original on 2008-06-14. Retrieved 2008-06-16.

nbcnews.com

"New York City passes trans fat ban". NBC News. 2006-12-05. Archived from the original on February 13, 2013. Retrieved 2010-01-09.

nhp.gov.in

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

nhs.uk

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Teresa Tarrago-Trani, Maria; Phillips, Katherine M.; Lemar, Linda E.; Holden, Joanne M. (2006). "New and Existing Oils and Fats Used in Products with Reduced Trans-Fatty Acid Content" (PDF). Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 106 (6): 867–880. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.03.010. PMID 16720128.
the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.
Ascherio A, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC (1999). "Trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 340 (25): 1994–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM199906243402511. PMID 10379026. Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 14 September 2006.

nobelprize.org

Nobel Lectures, Chemistry, 1901–1921. Elsevier. 1966. Reprinted online: "Paul Sabatier, The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 7 January 2007.

nytimes.com

"F.D.A. Gives Food Industry 3 Years to Eliminate Trans Fats". The New York Times. 2015-06-16. Archived from the original on 2015-06-16. Retrieved 2015-06-16.

publishing.service.gov.uk

assets.publishing.service.gov.uk

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

the American Heart Association,Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017). "Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 136 (3): e1–e23. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510. PMID 28620111. S2CID 367602.the World Health Organization, Health Canada,"Choosing foods with healthy fats". Health Canada. 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2019-09-24., the US Department of Health and Human Services,"Cut Down on Saturated Fats" (PDF). United States Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK National Health Service,"Fat: the facts". United Kingdom's National Health Service. 2018-04-27. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition "Saturated Fats and Health". Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Retrieved 26 July 2021], the Australian Department of Health and Aging,"Fat". Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council and Department of Health and Ageing. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Singapore Ministry of Health,"Getting the Fats Right!". Singapore's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,"Health Diet". India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Retrieved 2019-09-24. the New Zealand Ministry of Health,"Making healthier food choices". New Zealand's Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2021-06-03. and Hong Kong's Department of Health."Know More about Fat". Hong Kong's Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

soci.org

Patterson HB (1998). "Hydrogenation" (PDF). Sci Lecture Papers Series. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2007.

thesoydailyclub.com

Shurtleff W, Aoyagi A. "History of Soybeans and Soyfoods: 1100 B.C. to the 1980s". Archived from the original on 18 October 2005.

thespruceeats.com

Haynes, Fiona (September 23, 2018). "Partially vs. Fully Hydrogenated Oils: The Truth About Trans Fats". The Spruce Eats. Dotdash. Retrieved 24 November 2018.

usda.gov

ars.usda.gov

Teresa Tarrago-Trani, Maria; Phillips, Katherine M.; Lemar, Linda E.; Holden, Joanne M. (2006). "New and Existing Oils and Fats Used in Products with Reduced Trans-Fatty Acid Content" (PDF). Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 106 (6): 867–880. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.03.010. PMID 16720128.

usp.org

qualitymatters.usp.org

Collette, Robert L. (July 7, 2015). "Why a Monograph for Fully Hydrogenated Oils and Fats is Needed". Quality Matters. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. Retrieved 24 November 2018.

web.archive.org

"Deadly fats: why are we still eating them?". The Independent. 2008-06-10. Archived from the original on 2008-06-14. Retrieved 2008-06-16.
"New York City passes trans fat ban". NBC News. 2006-12-05. Archived from the original on February 13, 2013. Retrieved 2010-01-09.
"F.D.A. Gives Food Industry 3 Years to Eliminate Trans Fats". The New York Times. 2015-06-16. Archived from the original on 2015-06-16. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
Patterson HB (1998). "Hydrogenation" (PDF). Sci Lecture Papers Series. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2007.
"Wilhelm Normann und die Geschichte der Fetthärtung von Martin Fiedler, 2001". 20 December 2011. Archived from the original on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2007.
Shurtleff W, Aoyagi A. "History of Soybeans and Soyfoods: 1100 B.C. to the 1980s". Archived from the original on 18 October 2005.
Ascherio A, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC (1999). "Trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 340 (25): 1994–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM199906243402511. PMID 10379026. Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 14 September 2006.