Participants, NASA (2018). "NASA and the Search for Technosignatures: A Report from the NASA Technosignatures Workshop". arXiv:1812.08681 [astro-ph.IM].
Wright, J. T.; Griffith, R.; Sigurðsson, S.; Povich, M. S.; Mullan, B. (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. II. Framework, Strategy, and First Result". The Astrophysical Journal. 792 (1): 27. arXiv:1408.1134. Bibcode:2014ApJ...792...27W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/792/1/27. S2CID16322536.
Wright, J. T.; Mullan, B; Sigurdsson, S; Povich, M. S (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. III. The Reddest Extended Sources in WISE". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 217 (2): 25. arXiv:1504.03418. Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...25G. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/25. S2CID118463557.
Berezin, Alexander (March 27, 2018). "'First in, last out' solution to the Fermi Paradox". arXiv:1803.08425v2 [physics.pop-ph].
Marko Horvat (2007). "Calculating the probability of detecting radio signals from alien civilizations". International Journal of Astrobiology. 5 (2): 143–149. arXiv:0707.0011. Bibcode:2006IJAsB...5..143H. doi:10.1017/S1473550406003004. S2CID54608993. "There is a specific time interval during which an alien civilization uses radio communications. Before this interval, radio is beyond the civilization's technical reach, and after this interval radio will be considered obsolete."
Seth D. Baum; Jacob D. Haqq-Misra; Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman (2011). "Would contact with extraterrestrials benefit or harm humanity? A scenario analysis"(PDF). Acta Astronautica. 68 (11): 2114–2129. arXiv:1104.4462. Bibcode:2011AcAau..68.2114B. CiteSeerX10.1.1.592.1341. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.012. S2CID16889489. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018. "If ETI search for us just as we search for them, i.e. by scanning the sky at radio and optical wavelengths [...] the radiation that has been unintentionally leaking and intentionally transmitted from Earth may have already alerted any nearby ETI to our presence and may eventually alert more distant ETI. Once ETI become alerted to our presence, it will take at least as many years for us to realize that they know."
Adam Stevens; Duncan Forgan; Jack O'Malley James (2015). "Observational Signatures of Self–Destructive Civilisations". International Journal of Astrobiology. 15 (4): 333–344. arXiv:1507.08530. doi:10.1017/S1473550415000397. S2CID118428874.
"Star (astronomy)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on March 1, 2016. Retrieved February 4, 2016. "With regard to mass, size, and intrinsic brightness, the Sun is a typical star." Technically, the sun is near the middle of the main sequence of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. This sequence contains 80–90% of the stars of the galaxy. [1]Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
Wright, J. T.; Griffith, R.; Sigurðsson, S.; Povich, M. S.; Mullan, B. (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. II. Framework, Strategy, and First Result". The Astrophysical Journal. 792 (1): 27. arXiv:1408.1134. Bibcode:2014ApJ...792...27W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/792/1/27. S2CID16322536.
Wright, J. T.; Mullan, B; Sigurdsson, S; Povich, M. S (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. III. The Reddest Extended Sources in WISE". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 217 (2): 25. arXiv:1504.03418. Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...25G. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/25. S2CID118463557.
Marko Horvat (2007). "Calculating the probability of detecting radio signals from alien civilizations". International Journal of Astrobiology. 5 (2): 143–149. arXiv:0707.0011. Bibcode:2006IJAsB...5..143H. doi:10.1017/S1473550406003004. S2CID54608993. "There is a specific time interval during which an alien civilization uses radio communications. Before this interval, radio is beyond the civilization's technical reach, and after this interval radio will be considered obsolete."
The Staff at the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (December 1975). "The Arecibo message of November, 1974". Icarus. 26 (4): 462–466. Bibcode:1975Icar...26..462.. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(75)90116-5. "A radio telescope in M13 operating at the transmission frequency, and pointed toward the Sun at the time the message arrives at the receiving site will observe a flux density from the message which will exceed the flux density of the Sun itself by a factor of roughly 107. Indeed, at that unique time, the Sun will appear to the receptors to be by far the brightest star of the Milky Way."
Seth D. Baum; Jacob D. Haqq-Misra; Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman (2011). "Would contact with extraterrestrials benefit or harm humanity? A scenario analysis"(PDF). Acta Astronautica. 68 (11): 2114–2129. arXiv:1104.4462. Bibcode:2011AcAau..68.2114B. CiteSeerX10.1.1.592.1341. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.012. S2CID16889489. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018. "If ETI search for us just as we search for them, i.e. by scanning the sky at radio and optical wavelengths [...] the radiation that has been unintentionally leaking and intentionally transmitted from Earth may have already alerted any nearby ETI to our presence and may eventually alert more distant ETI. Once ETI become alerted to our presence, it will take at least as many years for us to realize that they know."
Adam Stevens; Duncan Forgan; Jack O'Malley James (2015). "Observational Signatures of Self–Destructive Civilisations". International Journal of Astrobiology. 15 (4): 333–344. arXiv:1507.08530. doi:10.1017/S1473550415000397. S2CID118428874.
Grevesse, N.; Noels, A.; Sauval, A. J. (1996). "Standard abundances". ASP Conference Series. Vol. 99. p. 117. Bibcode:1996ASPC...99..117G. The Sun is a normal star, though dispersion exists.
Martin 2018, p. 201. Martin, Anthony R. (2018). "The Origin of the "Fermi Paradox"". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 71 (6): 200–206. Bibcode:2018JBIS...71..200M.
Martin 2018, p. 200. Martin, Anthony R. (2018). "The Origin of the "Fermi Paradox"". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 71 (6): 200–206. Bibcode:2018JBIS...71..200M.
Wright, J. T.; Griffith, R.; Sigurðsson, S.; Povich, M. S.; Mullan, B. (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. II. Framework, Strategy, and First Result". The Astrophysical Journal. 792 (1): 27. arXiv:1408.1134. Bibcode:2014ApJ...792...27W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/792/1/27. S2CID16322536.
Wright, J. T.; Mullan, B; Sigurdsson, S; Povich, M. S (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. III. The Reddest Extended Sources in WISE". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 217 (2): 25. arXiv:1504.03418. Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...25G. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/25. S2CID118463557.
Marko Horvat (2007). "Calculating the probability of detecting radio signals from alien civilizations". International Journal of Astrobiology. 5 (2): 143–149. arXiv:0707.0011. Bibcode:2006IJAsB...5..143H. doi:10.1017/S1473550406003004. S2CID54608993. "There is a specific time interval during which an alien civilization uses radio communications. Before this interval, radio is beyond the civilization's technical reach, and after this interval radio will be considered obsolete."
The Staff at the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (December 1975). "The Arecibo message of November, 1974". Icarus. 26 (4): 462–466. Bibcode:1975Icar...26..462.. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(75)90116-5. "A radio telescope in M13 operating at the transmission frequency, and pointed toward the Sun at the time the message arrives at the receiving site will observe a flux density from the message which will exceed the flux density of the Sun itself by a factor of roughly 107. Indeed, at that unique time, the Sun will appear to the receptors to be by far the brightest star of the Milky Way."
Seth D. Baum; Jacob D. Haqq-Misra; Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman (2011). "Would contact with extraterrestrials benefit or harm humanity? A scenario analysis"(PDF). Acta Astronautica. 68 (11): 2114–2129. arXiv:1104.4462. Bibcode:2011AcAau..68.2114B. CiteSeerX10.1.1.592.1341. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.012. S2CID16889489. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018. "If ETI search for us just as we search for them, i.e. by scanning the sky at radio and optical wavelengths [...] the radiation that has been unintentionally leaking and intentionally transmitted from Earth may have already alerted any nearby ETI to our presence and may eventually alert more distant ETI. Once ETI become alerted to our presence, it will take at least as many years for us to realize that they know."
An Answer to Fermi’s Paradox In the Prevalence of Ocean WorldsArchived December 21, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, S. Alan Stern, American Astronomical Society, Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts #49, October 2017. "... We suggest another—namely that the great majority of worlds with biology and civilizations are interior water ocean worlds (WOWs)..."
Baxter, Stephen (2001). "The Planetarium Hypothesis: A Resolution of the Fermi Paradox". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 54 (5/6): 210–216. Bibcode:2001JBIS...54..210B.
"The Great Silence: the Controversy . . . " (15-page paper), Quarterly J. Royal Astron. Soc., David Brin, 1983, page 296 bottom thirdArchived February 4, 2020, at the Wayback Machine.
"The Great Silence: the Controversy . . " (15-page paper), Quarterly J. Royal Astron. Soc., David Brin, 1983, p. 299 bottomArchived April 11, 2019, at the Wayback Machine.
"The Great Silence: the Controversy . . . " (15-page paper), Quarterly J. Royal Astron. Soc., David Brin, 1983, page 301 second-to-last paragraphArchived May 3, 2020, at the Wayback Machine. Brin cites, The Prehistory of Polynesia, edited by J. Jennings, Harvard University Press, 1979. See also Interstellar Migration and the Human Experience, edited by Ben Finney and Eric M. Jones, Ch. 13 "Life (With All Its Problems) in Space" by Alfred W. Crosby, University of California Press, 1985.
hawking.org.uk
Hawking, Stephen. "Life in the Universe". Public Lectures. University of Cambridge. Archived from the original on April 21, 2006. Retrieved May 11, 2006.
huffingtonpost.com
Urban, Tim (June 17, 2014). "The Fermi Paradox". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on April 2, 2017. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
From "Kepler: About the Mission". NASA. March 31, 2015. Archived from the original on April 20, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2016. "The Kepler Mission, NASA Discovery mission #10, is specifically designed to survey a portion of our region of the Milky Way galaxy to discover dozens of Earth-size planets in or near the habitable zone and determine how many of the billions of stars in our galaxy have such planets."
Johnson, George (August 18, 2014). "The Intelligent-Life Lottery". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 24, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
Seth D. Baum; Jacob D. Haqq-Misra; Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman (2011). "Would contact with extraterrestrials benefit or harm humanity? A scenario analysis"(PDF). Acta Astronautica. 68 (11): 2114–2129. arXiv:1104.4462. Bibcode:2011AcAau..68.2114B. CiteSeerX10.1.1.592.1341. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.012. S2CID16889489. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018. "If ETI search for us just as we search for them, i.e. by scanning the sky at radio and optical wavelengths [...] the radiation that has been unintentionally leaking and intentionally transmitted from Earth may have already alerted any nearby ETI to our presence and may eventually alert more distant ETI. Once ETI become alerted to our presence, it will take at least as many years for us to realize that they know."
quantamagazine.org
"Galaxy Simulations Offer a New Solution to the Fermi Paradox", Quanta Magazine "Abstraction Blog," Rebecca Boyle, March 7, 2019. "The sun has been around the center of the Milky Way 50 times," said Jonathan Carroll-Nellenback, astronomer at the University of Rochester.
Wright, J. T.; Griffith, R.; Sigurðsson, S.; Povich, M. S.; Mullan, B. (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. II. Framework, Strategy, and First Result". The Astrophysical Journal. 792 (1): 27. arXiv:1408.1134. Bibcode:2014ApJ...792...27W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/792/1/27. S2CID16322536.
Wright, J. T.; Mullan, B; Sigurdsson, S; Povich, M. S (2014). "The Ĝ Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. III. The Reddest Extended Sources in WISE". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 217 (2): 25. arXiv:1504.03418. Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...25G. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/25. S2CID118463557.
Marko Horvat (2007). "Calculating the probability of detecting radio signals from alien civilizations". International Journal of Astrobiology. 5 (2): 143–149. arXiv:0707.0011. Bibcode:2006IJAsB...5..143H. doi:10.1017/S1473550406003004. S2CID54608993. "There is a specific time interval during which an alien civilization uses radio communications. Before this interval, radio is beyond the civilization's technical reach, and after this interval radio will be considered obsolete."
Seth D. Baum; Jacob D. Haqq-Misra; Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman (2011). "Would contact with extraterrestrials benefit or harm humanity? A scenario analysis"(PDF). Acta Astronautica. 68 (11): 2114–2129. arXiv:1104.4462. Bibcode:2011AcAau..68.2114B. CiteSeerX10.1.1.592.1341. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.012. S2CID16889489. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018. "If ETI search for us just as we search for them, i.e. by scanning the sky at radio and optical wavelengths [...] the radiation that has been unintentionally leaking and intentionally transmitted from Earth may have already alerted any nearby ETI to our presence and may eventually alert more distant ETI. Once ETI become alerted to our presence, it will take at least as many years for us to realize that they know."
Adam Stevens; Duncan Forgan; Jack O'Malley James (2015). "Observational Signatures of Self–Destructive Civilisations". International Journal of Astrobiology. 15 (4): 333–344. arXiv:1507.08530. doi:10.1017/S1473550415000397. S2CID118428874.
Seth D. Baum; Jacob D. Haqq-Misra; Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman (2011). "Would contact with extraterrestrials benefit or harm humanity? A scenario analysis"(PDF). Acta Astronautica. 68 (11): 2114–2129. arXiv:1104.4462. Bibcode:2011AcAau..68.2114B. CiteSeerX10.1.1.592.1341. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.012. S2CID16889489. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018. "If ETI search for us just as we search for them, i.e. by scanning the sky at radio and optical wavelengths [...] the radiation that has been unintentionally leaking and intentionally transmitted from Earth may have already alerted any nearby ETI to our presence and may eventually alert more distant ETI. Once ETI become alerted to our presence, it will take at least as many years for us to realize that they know."
The Future of SETIArchived May 24, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Sky & Telescope, Seth Shostak, July 19, 2006. This article also discusses strategy for optical SETI.
"Star (astronomy)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on March 1, 2016. Retrieved February 4, 2016. "With regard to mass, size, and intrinsic brightness, the Sun is a typical star." Technically, the sun is near the middle of the main sequence of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. This sequence contains 80–90% of the stars of the galaxy. [1]Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
Urban, Tim (June 17, 2014). "The Fermi Paradox". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on April 2, 2017. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
"Star (astronomy)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on March 1, 2016. Retrieved February 4, 2016. "With regard to mass, size, and intrinsic brightness, the Sun is a typical star." Technically, the sun is near the middle of the main sequence of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. This sequence contains 80–90% of the stars of the galaxy. [1]Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
From "Kepler: About the Mission". NASA. March 31, 2015. Archived from the original on April 20, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2016. "The Kepler Mission, NASA Discovery mission #10, is specifically designed to survey a portion of our region of the Milky Way galaxy to discover dozens of Earth-size planets in or near the habitable zone and determine how many of the billions of stars in our galaxy have such planets."
Johnson, George (August 18, 2014). "The Intelligent-Life Lottery". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 24, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
Hawking, Stephen. "Life in the Universe". Public Lectures. University of Cambridge. Archived from the original on April 21, 2006. Retrieved May 11, 2006.
"The Great Silence: the Controversy . . . " (15-page paper), Quarterly J. Royal Astron. Soc., David Brin, 1983, page 301 second-to-last paragraphArchived May 3, 2020, at the Wayback Machine. Brin cites, The Prehistory of Polynesia, edited by J. Jennings, Harvard University Press, 1979. See also Interstellar Migration and the Human Experience, edited by Ben Finney and Eric M. Jones, Ch. 13 "Life (With All Its Problems) in Space" by Alfred W. Crosby, University of California Press, 1985.
"The Great Silence: the Controversy . . . " (15-page paper), Quarterly J. Royal Astron. Soc., David Brin, 1983, page 296 bottom thirdArchived February 4, 2020, at the Wayback Machine.
Soter, Steven (2005). "SETI and the Cosmic Quarantine Hypothesis". Astrobiology Magazine. Space.com. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved May 3, 2006.
The Future of SETIArchived May 24, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Sky & Telescope, Seth Shostak, July 19, 2006. This article also discusses strategy for optical SETI.
Seth D. Baum; Jacob D. Haqq-Misra; Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman (2011). "Would contact with extraterrestrials benefit or harm humanity? A scenario analysis"(PDF). Acta Astronautica. 68 (11): 2114–2129. arXiv:1104.4462. Bibcode:2011AcAau..68.2114B. CiteSeerX10.1.1.592.1341. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.012. S2CID16889489. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018. "If ETI search for us just as we search for them, i.e. by scanning the sky at radio and optical wavelengths [...] the radiation that has been unintentionally leaking and intentionally transmitted from Earth may have already alerted any nearby ETI to our presence and may eventually alert more distant ETI. Once ETI become alerted to our presence, it will take at least as many years for us to realize that they know."
An Answer to Fermi’s Paradox In the Prevalence of Ocean WorldsArchived December 21, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, S. Alan Stern, American Astronomical Society, Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts #49, October 2017. "... We suggest another—namely that the great majority of worlds with biology and civilizations are interior water ocean worlds (WOWs)..."
"The Great Silence: the Controversy . . " (15-page paper), Quarterly J. Royal Astron. Soc., David Brin, 1983, p. 299 bottomArchived April 11, 2019, at the Wayback Machine.
Yudkowsky, Eliezer (2008). "Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk". In Bostrom, Nick; Ćirković, Milan M. (eds.). Global catastrophic risks. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 308–345. ISBN978-0-19-960650-4. OCLC993268361.
