Smith, David Eugene; Karpinski, Louis Charles (1911). The Hindu–Arabic Numerals. Boston and London: Ginn and Company. p. 128. Archived from the original on 2023-03-13. Retrieved 2016-03-02..
Pisanus, Leonardus; Boncompagni, Baldassarre (1 January 1857). Scritti: Il Liber Abbaci. Tip. delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche. p. 231. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2018 – via Google Books.
Smith, David Eugene; Karpinski, Louis Charles (1911). The Hindu–Arabic Numerals. Boston and London: Ginn and Company. p. 128. Archived from the original on 2023-03-13. Retrieved 2016-03-02..
Pisanus, Leonardus; Boncompagni, Baldassarre (1 January 1857). Scritti: Il Liber Abbaci. Tip. delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche. p. 231. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2018 – via Google Books.