Ficus (English Wikipedia)

Shafer-Elliott, Cynthia (2022), Fu, Janling; Shafer-Elliott, Cynthia; Meyers, Carol (eds.), "Fruits, Nuts, Vegetables, and Legumes", T&T Clark Handbook of Food in the Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel, T&T Clark Handbooks (1 ed.), London: T&T Clark, p. 142, ISBN 978-0-567-67982-6, retrieved 2025-07-27{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Halevy, Abraham H. (1989). Handbook of Flowering Volume 6 of CRC Handbook of Flowering. CRC Press. p. 331. ISBN 978-0-8493-3916-5. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Tukol, T.K. (1980). Compendium of Jainism. Prasaranga: Karnatak University. p. 206.

cabidigitallibrary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, pp. 22, 231. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 22. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 23. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, pp. 24, 231. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 24. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 369. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 31. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 146. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053^rd place; English: 701^st place)

"ficus". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. OCLC 1120411289.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Falistocco 2024, pp. 265–266. Falistocco, Egizia (2024), Uthup, Thomas K.; Karumamkandathil, Rekha (eds.), "The World of Figs: An Overview", Economically Important Trees: Origin, Evolution, Genetic Diversity and Ecology, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 261–298, doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5940-8_7, ISBN 978-981-97-5940-8, retrieved 2026-02-24{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Falistocco 2024, p. 271. Falistocco, Egizia (2024), Uthup, Thomas K.; Karumamkandathil, Rekha (eds.), "The World of Figs: An Overview", Economically Important Trees: Origin, Evolution, Genetic Diversity and Ecology, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 261–298, doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5940-8_7, ISBN 978-981-97-5940-8, retrieved 2026-02-24{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, pp. 22, 231. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 22. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 23. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, pp. 24, 231. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 24. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 369. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Falistocco 2024, p. 274. Falistocco, Egizia (2024), Uthup, Thomas K.; Karumamkandathil, Rekha (eds.), "The World of Figs: An Overview", Economically Important Trees: Origin, Evolution, Genetic Diversity and Ecology, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 261–298, doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5940-8_7, ISBN 978-981-97-5940-8, retrieved 2026-02-24{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 31. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Sarkhosh, Yavari & Ferguson 2022, p. 146. Sarkhosh, Ali; Yavari, Alimohammad; Ferguson, Louise, eds. (2022). The fig: botany, production and uses. Wallingford: CABI. doi:10.1079/9781789242881.0000. ISBN 978-1-78924-288-1.
Valdeyron, Georges; Lloyd, David G. (June 1979). "Sex Differences and Flowering Phenology in the Common Fig, Ficus carica L.". Evolution. 33 (2): 673–685. doi:10.2307/2407790. JSTOR 2407790. PMID 28563939.
Machado, C. A.; Jousselin, E.; Kjellberg, F.; Compton, S. G.; Herre, E. A. (7 April 2001). "Phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography and character evolution of fig-pollinating wasps". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 268 (1468): 685–694. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1418. PMC 1088657. PMID 11321056.
Yang, Li-Yuan; Machado, Carlos A.; Dang, Xiao-Dong; Peng, Yan-Qiong; Yang, Da-Rong; Zhang, Da-Yong; Liao, Wan-Jin (February 2015). "The incidence and pattern of copollinator diversification in dioecious and monoecious figs". Evolution. 69 (2): 294–304. Bibcode:2015Evolu..69..294Y. doi:10.1111/evo.12584. PMC 4328460. PMID 25495152.
Machado, C. A.; Robbins, N.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Herre, E. A. (3 May 2005). "Critical review of host specificity and its coevolutionary implications in the fig/fig-wasp mutualism". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (Supplement 1): 6558–6565. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.6558M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0501840102. PMC 1131861. PMID 15851680.
Molbo, D.; Machado, C.A.; Sevenster, J.G.; Keller, L.; Herre, E.A. (24 April 2003). "Cryptic species of fig-pollinating wasps: Implications for the evolution of the fig-wasp mutualism, sex allocation, and precision of adaptation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 100 (10): 5867–5872. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.5867M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0930903100. PMC 156293. PMID 12714682.
Falistocco 2024, p. 264. Falistocco, Egizia (2024), Uthup, Thomas K.; Karumamkandathil, Rekha (eds.), "The World of Figs: An Overview", Economically Important Trees: Origin, Evolution, Genetic Diversity and Ecology, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 261–298, doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5940-8_7, ISBN 978-981-97-5940-8, retrieved 2026-02-24{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Weiblen, G.D. (2000). "Phylogenetic relationships of functionally dioecious Ficus (Moraceae) based on ribosomal DNA sequences and morphology" (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 87 (9): 1342–1357. doi:10.2307/2656726. JSTOR 2656726. PMID 10991904. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
Herre, E.; Machado, C.A.; Bermingham, E.; Nason, J.D.; Windsor, D.M.; McCafferty, S.; Van Houten, W.; Bachmann, K. (1996). "Molecular phylogenies of figs and their pollinator wasps". Journal of Biogeography. 23 (4): 521–530. Bibcode:1996JBiog..23..521H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.1996.tb00014.x.
Jousselin, E.; Rasplus, J.-Y.; Kjellberg, F. (2003). "Convergence and coevolution in a mutualism: evidence from a molecular phylogeny of Ficus". Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 57 (6): 1255–1269. Bibcode:2003Evolu..57.1255J. doi:10.1554/02-445. PMID 12894934. S2CID 1962136.
Falistocco 2024, pp. 264–265. Falistocco, Egizia (2024), Uthup, Thomas K.; Karumamkandathil, Rekha (eds.), "The World of Figs: An Overview", Economically Important Trees: Origin, Evolution, Genetic Diversity and Ecology, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 261–298, doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5940-8_7, ISBN 978-981-97-5940-8, retrieved 2026-02-24{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Harrison (2005). Harrison, Rhett D (2005). "Figs and the diversity of tropical rain forests". BioScience. 55 (12): 1053–1064. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[1053:FATDOT]2.0.CO;2.
Berg (2003). Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 552. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 554. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 553. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), pp. 565. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), pp. 553–554. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Logesh, Rajan; Vivekanandarajah Sathasivampillai, Saravanan; Varatharasan, Sujarajini; Rajan, Soundararajan; Das, Niranjan; Pandey, Jitendra; Prasad Devkota, Hari (2023-01-01). "Ficus benghalensis L. (Moraceae): A review on ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities". Current Research in Biotechnology. 6 100134. doi:10.1016/j.crbiot.2023.100134. ISSN 2590-2628.
Kislev, Hartmann & Bar-Yosef (2006). Kislev, Mordechai E.; Hartmann, Anat; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (2006). "Early Domesticated Fig in the Jordan Valley". Science. 312 (5778): 1372–1374. Bibcode:2006Sci...312.1372K. doi:10.1126/science.1125910. PMID 16741119. S2CID 42150441. Supporting Online Material
Falistocco 2024, p. 266. Falistocco, Egizia (2024), Uthup, Thomas K.; Karumamkandathil, Rekha (eds.), "The World of Figs: An Overview", Economically Important Trees: Origin, Evolution, Genetic Diversity and Ecology, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 261–298, doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5940-8_7, ISBN 978-981-97-5940-8, retrieved 2026-02-24{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)

esa.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The story of the fig and its wasp – Ecotone | News and Views on Ecological Science". esa.org. Retrieved 2025-07-03.

figweb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

van Noort, S.; Rasplus, J.Y. (2020). "Subsection Conosycea". Figweb: figs and fig wasps of the world. Retrieved 11 August 2019.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Yang, Li-Yuan; Machado, Carlos A.; Dang, Xiao-Dong; Peng, Yan-Qiong; Yang, Da-Rong; Zhang, Da-Yong; Liao, Wan-Jin (February 2015). "The incidence and pattern of copollinator diversification in dioecious and monoecious figs". Evolution. 69 (2): 294–304. Bibcode:2015Evolu..69..294Y. doi:10.1111/evo.12584. PMC 4328460. PMID 25495152.
Machado, C. A.; Robbins, N.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Herre, E. A. (3 May 2005). "Critical review of host specificity and its coevolutionary implications in the fig/fig-wasp mutualism". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (Supplement 1): 6558–6565. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.6558M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0501840102. PMC 1131861. PMID 15851680.
Molbo, D.; Machado, C.A.; Sevenster, J.G.; Keller, L.; Herre, E.A. (24 April 2003). "Cryptic species of fig-pollinating wasps: Implications for the evolution of the fig-wasp mutualism, sex allocation, and precision of adaptation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 100 (10): 5867–5872. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.5867M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0930903100. PMC 156293. PMID 12714682.
Herre, E.; Machado, C.A.; Bermingham, E.; Nason, J.D.; Windsor, D.M.; McCafferty, S.; Van Houten, W.; Bachmann, K. (1996). "Molecular phylogenies of figs and their pollinator wasps". Journal of Biogeography. 23 (4): 521–530. Bibcode:1996JBiog..23..521H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.1996.tb00014.x.
Jousselin, E.; Rasplus, J.-Y.; Kjellberg, F. (2003). "Convergence and coevolution in a mutualism: evidence from a molecular phylogeny of Ficus". Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 57 (6): 1255–1269. Bibcode:2003Evolu..57.1255J. doi:10.1554/02-445. PMID 12894934. S2CID 1962136.
Berg (2003). Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 552. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 554. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 553. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), pp. 565. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), pp. 553–554. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Kislev, Hartmann & Bar-Yosef (2006). Kislev, Mordechai E.; Hartmann, Anat; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (2006). "Early Domesticated Fig in the Jordan Valley". Science. 312 (5778): 1372–1374. Bibcode:2006Sci...312.1372K. doi:10.1126/science.1125910. PMID 16741119. S2CID 42150441. Supporting Online Material

ipni.org (Global: 3,075^th place; English: 3,035^th place)

"Ficus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1059 (1753)". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2025. Retrieved 10 June 2025.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Valdeyron, Georges; Lloyd, David G. (June 1979). "Sex Differences and Flowering Phenology in the Common Fig, Ficus carica L.". Evolution. 33 (2): 673–685. doi:10.2307/2407790. JSTOR 2407790. PMID 28563939.
Weiblen, G.D. (2000). "Phylogenetic relationships of functionally dioecious Ficus (Moraceae) based on ribosomal DNA sequences and morphology" (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 87 (9): 1342–1357. doi:10.2307/2656726. JSTOR 2656726. PMID 10991904. Retrieved 2018-04-22.

kew.org (Global: 394^th place; English: 442^nd place)

powo.science.kew.org

"Ficus Tourn. ex L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 July 2025.
"Ficus geniculata Kurz". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023. Retrieved 2025-11-02.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209^th place; English: 191^st place)

"ficus". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. OCLC 1032680871. Retrieved 2023-06-18.

naturalis.nl (Global: 7,922^nd place; English: 5,981^st place)

repository.naturalis.nl

Berg (2003). Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 552. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 554. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), p. 553. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), pp. 565. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.
Berg (2003), pp. 553–554. Berg, C.C. (28 November 2003). "Flora Malesiana Precursor for the Treatment of Moraceae 4: Ficus subgenus Synoecia". Blumea. 48 (3): 551–571. Bibcode:2003Blume..48..551B. doi:10.3767/000651903X489546.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Valdeyron, Georges; Lloyd, David G. (June 1979). "Sex Differences and Flowering Phenology in the Common Fig, Ficus carica L.". Evolution. 33 (2): 673–685. doi:10.2307/2407790. JSTOR 2407790. PMID 28563939.
Machado, C. A.; Jousselin, E.; Kjellberg, F.; Compton, S. G.; Herre, E. A. (7 April 2001). "Phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography and character evolution of fig-pollinating wasps". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 268 (1468): 685–694. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1418. PMC 1088657. PMID 11321056.
Yang, Li-Yuan; Machado, Carlos A.; Dang, Xiao-Dong; Peng, Yan-Qiong; Yang, Da-Rong; Zhang, Da-Yong; Liao, Wan-Jin (February 2015). "The incidence and pattern of copollinator diversification in dioecious and monoecious figs". Evolution. 69 (2): 294–304. Bibcode:2015Evolu..69..294Y. doi:10.1111/evo.12584. PMC 4328460. PMID 25495152.
Machado, C. A.; Robbins, N.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Herre, E. A. (3 May 2005). "Critical review of host specificity and its coevolutionary implications in the fig/fig-wasp mutualism". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (Supplement 1): 6558–6565. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.6558M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0501840102. PMC 1131861. PMID 15851680.
Molbo, D.; Machado, C.A.; Sevenster, J.G.; Keller, L.; Herre, E.A. (24 April 2003). "Cryptic species of fig-pollinating wasps: Implications for the evolution of the fig-wasp mutualism, sex allocation, and precision of adaptation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 100 (10): 5867–5872. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.5867M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0930903100. PMC 156293. PMID 12714682.
Weiblen, G.D. (2000). "Phylogenetic relationships of functionally dioecious Ficus (Moraceae) based on ribosomal DNA sequences and morphology" (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 87 (9): 1342–1357. doi:10.2307/2656726. JSTOR 2656726. PMID 10991904. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
Jousselin, E.; Rasplus, J.-Y.; Kjellberg, F. (2003). "Convergence and coevolution in a mutualism: evidence from a molecular phylogeny of Ficus". Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 57 (6): 1255–1269. Bibcode:2003Evolu..57.1255J. doi:10.1554/02-445. PMID 12894934. S2CID 1962136.
Kislev, Hartmann & Bar-Yosef (2006). Kislev, Mordechai E.; Hartmann, Anat; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (2006). "Early Domesticated Fig in the Jordan Valley". Science. 312 (5778): 1372–1374. Bibcode:2006Sci...312.1372K. doi:10.1126/science.1125910. PMID 16741119. S2CID 42150441. Supporting Online Material

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Machado, C. A.; Jousselin, E.; Kjellberg, F.; Compton, S. G.; Herre, E. A. (7 April 2001). "Phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography and character evolution of fig-pollinating wasps". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 268 (1468): 685–694. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1418. PMC 1088657. PMID 11321056.
Yang, Li-Yuan; Machado, Carlos A.; Dang, Xiao-Dong; Peng, Yan-Qiong; Yang, Da-Rong; Zhang, Da-Yong; Liao, Wan-Jin (February 2015). "The incidence and pattern of copollinator diversification in dioecious and monoecious figs". Evolution. 69 (2): 294–304. Bibcode:2015Evolu..69..294Y. doi:10.1111/evo.12584. PMC 4328460. PMID 25495152.
Machado, C. A.; Robbins, N.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Herre, E. A. (3 May 2005). "Critical review of host specificity and its coevolutionary implications in the fig/fig-wasp mutualism". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (Supplement 1): 6558–6565. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.6558M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0501840102. PMC 1131861. PMID 15851680.
Molbo, D.; Machado, C.A.; Sevenster, J.G.; Keller, L.; Herre, E.A. (24 April 2003). "Cryptic species of fig-pollinating wasps: Implications for the evolution of the fig-wasp mutualism, sex allocation, and precision of adaptation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 100 (10): 5867–5872. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.5867M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0930903100. PMC 156293. PMID 12714682.

oxfordreference.com (Global: 938^th place; English: 658^th place)

"Bodhi Tree". Oxford Reference.

palomar.edu (Global: 7,861^st place; English: 5,961^st place)

waynesword.palomar.edu

"Ficus: The Remarkable Genus Of Figs". Archived from the original on 2009-12-11. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
Armstrong, Wayne P; Disparti, Steven (4 April 1998). "A Key to Subgroups of Dioecious* (Gynodioecious) Figs Based On Fig Wasp/Male Syconium Pollination Patterns". Wayne's Word. Archived from the original on 2012-02-02. Retrieved 2012-01-05.

researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; English: 125^th place)

Kumari, Madhu; Hemke, Jay; Chaware, Gitesh; Kinchak, Bhushan. "Ficus geniculata (Putkal): A boon". International Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

rmtrr.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Rocky Mountain Tree-Ring Research, OLDLIST". Retrieved 3 July 2011.

sciencedaily.com (Global: 993^rd place; English: 920^th place)

"From air to stone: The fig trees fighting climate change". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2025-07-08.

sciencemag.org (Global: 857^th place; English: 3,832^nd place)

Kislev, Hartmann & Bar-Yosef (2006). Kislev, Mordechai E.; Hartmann, Anat; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (2006). "Early Domesticated Fig in the Jordan Valley". Science. 312 (5778): 1372–1374. Bibcode:2006Sci...312.1372K. doi:10.1126/science.1125910. PMID 16741119. S2CID 42150441. Supporting Online Material

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Jousselin, E.; Rasplus, J.-Y.; Kjellberg, F. (2003). "Convergence and coevolution in a mutualism: evidence from a molecular phylogeny of Ficus". Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 57 (6): 1255–1269. Bibcode:2003Evolu..57.1255J. doi:10.1554/02-445. PMID 12894934. S2CID 1962136.
Kislev, Hartmann & Bar-Yosef (2006). Kislev, Mordechai E.; Hartmann, Anat; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (2006). "Early Domesticated Fig in the Jordan Valley". Science. 312 (5778): 1372–1374. Bibcode:2006Sci...312.1372K. doi:10.1126/science.1125910. PMID 16741119. S2CID 42150441. Supporting Online Material

umn.edu (Global: 1,266^th place; English: 860^th place)

geo.cbs.umn.edu

Weiblen, G.D. (2000). "Phylogenetic relationships of functionally dioecious Ficus (Moraceae) based on ribosomal DNA sequences and morphology" (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 87 (9): 1342–1357. doi:10.2307/2656726. JSTOR 2656726. PMID 10991904. Retrieved 2018-04-22.

usda.gov (Global: 438^th place; English: 336^th place)

fs.usda.gov

"Fig Wasps". www.fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 2025-07-02.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Ficus: The Remarkable Genus Of Figs". Archived from the original on 2009-12-11. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
Armstrong, Wayne P; Disparti, Steven (4 April 1998). "A Key to Subgroups of Dioecious* (Gynodioecious) Figs Based On Fig Wasp/Male Syconium Pollination Patterns". Wayne's Word. Archived from the original on 2012-02-02. Retrieved 2012-01-05.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

"ficus". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. OCLC 1032680871. Retrieved 2023-06-18.
"ficus". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. OCLC 1120411289.
Logesh, Rajan; Vivekanandarajah Sathasivampillai, Saravanan; Varatharasan, Sujarajini; Rajan, Soundararajan; Das, Niranjan; Pandey, Jitendra; Prasad Devkota, Hari (2023-01-01). "Ficus benghalensis L. (Moraceae): A review on ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities". Current Research in Biotechnology. 6 100134. doi:10.1016/j.crbiot.2023.100134. ISSN 2590-2628.
Ibn al-'Awwam, Yaḥyá (1864). Le livre de l'agriculture d'Ibn-al-Awam (kitab-al-felahah) (in French). Translated by J.-J. Clement-Mullet. Paris: A. Franck. pp. 277–281 (ch. 7 - Article 25). OCLC 780050566. (pp. 277–281 (Article XXV)

Ficus (English Wikipedia)

andesacd.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 387th place; English: 373rd place)

bloomsburyfoodlibrary.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cabidigitallibrary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053rd place; English: 701st place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

esa.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

figweb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

ipni.org (Global: 3,075th place; English: 3,035th place)

jstor.org (Global: 26th place; English: 20th place)

kew.org (Global: 394th place; English: 442nd place)

powo.science.kew.org

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209th place; English: 191st place)

naturalis.nl (Global: 7,922nd place; English: 5,981st place)

repository.naturalis.nl

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

oxfordreference.com (Global: 938th place; English: 658th place)

palomar.edu (Global: 7,861st place; English: 5,961st place)

waynesword.palomar.edu

researchgate.net (Global: 120th place; English: 125th place)

rmtrr.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

sciencedaily.com (Global: 993rd place; English: 920th place)

sciencemag.org (Global: 857th place; English: 3,832nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

umn.edu (Global: 1,266th place; English: 860th place)

geo.cbs.umn.edu

usda.gov (Global: 438th place; English: 336th place)

fs.usda.gov

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 387^th place; English: 373^rd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053^rd place; English: 701^st place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ipni.org (Global: 3,075^th place; English: 3,035^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

kew.org (Global: 394^th place; English: 442^nd place)

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209^th place; English: 191^st place)

naturalis.nl (Global: 7,922^nd place; English: 5,981^st place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

oxfordreference.com (Global: 938^th place; English: 658^th place)

palomar.edu (Global: 7,861^st place; English: 5,961^st place)

researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; English: 125^th place)

sciencedaily.com (Global: 993^rd place; English: 920^th place)

sciencemag.org (Global: 857^th place; English: 3,832^nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

umn.edu (Global: 1,266^th place; English: 860^th place)

usda.gov (Global: 438^th place; English: 336^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)