Finnish volunteers in the Waffen-SS (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Finnish volunteers in the Waffen-SS" in English language version.

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aamulehti.fi

Koikkalainen, Olli (1 June 2018). "Suomi ryhtyi selvittämään SS-miesten osallisuutta juutalaisten surmaamiseen – "Katsotaan, onko tarvetta jatkotoimiin"" [Finland started an inquest into the SS-men's participation in killing of Jews - "We'll see whether there is need for further actions"]. Aamulehti. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.

arkisto.fi

Westerlund 2019, p. 17. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 12. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 20. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 21. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 22. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 67. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 24. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 25. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Lars Westerlund - Sotatapahtumia, internointeja ja siirto sodanjälkeisiin oloihin. Kansallisarkiston artikkelikirja. Kansallisarkisto, Helsinki 2010 (Verkkojulkaisuna Kansallisarkiston sivuilla Archived 27 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine)
Westerlund 2019, p. 34. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, pp. 202–203. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

bnaibrith.org

"On Europe's Streets:Annual Marches Glorifying Nazism" (PDF). B'nai B'rith, Amadeu Antonio Foundation, Federal Foreign Office. 25 March 2023. the main organizers and guests of the event have been drawn from either non-party-affiliated far-right-activists or members of the right-wing populist Finns Party (Perussuomalaiset), its youth organization Finns Party Youth (Perussuomalaiset Nuoret)...The 612-march is a torchlight procession from central Helsinki to the Hietaniemi war cemetery, where members visit the tomb of World War II-era President Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim and the monument to the Finnish SS-Battalion. There are speeches at both the assembly point and at the cemetery, eulogizing the Battle for Helsinki, depicted by speakers as the occasion "when Germans and Finns marched side by side and liberated the city from the communists."

books.google.com

Silvennoinen 2013, p. 130. Silvennoinen, Oula (2013). Stephenson, Jill; Gilmour, John (eds.). Hitler's Scandinavian Legacy. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 129–146. ISBN 9781441190369. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 219–20. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Silvennoinen 2013, pp. 134–36. Silvennoinen, Oula (2013). Stephenson, Jill; Gilmour, John (eds.). Hitler's Scandinavian Legacy. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 129–146. ISBN 9781441190369. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, p. 220. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Silvennoinen 2013, p. 136. Silvennoinen, Oula (2013). Stephenson, Jill; Gilmour, John (eds.). Hitler's Scandinavian Legacy. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 129–146. ISBN 9781441190369. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Payne 2011, pp. 28–29. Payne, Stanley G. (2011). Civil War in Europe, 1905–1949. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1139499644. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 220–22. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 220–21. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Stein 1984, pp. 159–60. Stein, George H. (1984). The Waffen SS: Hitler's Elite Guard at War, 1939-1945. Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801492754. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, p. 223. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 223–224. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 234–237. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, p. 227. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 228–229. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, p. 230. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 231–232. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Longerich 2010, p. 194. Longerich, Peter (2010). Holocaust: The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191539466. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

brusselstimes.com

"Neo-Nazis marching on the streets in European cities despite EU bans". Brussels Times. 28 March 2023. Helsinki, Finland, 'Towards Freedom' and '612 for freedom' march' in memory of the Finnish SS-battalion which fought with Nazi Germany

doi.org

Tuunainen 2015, p. 91. Tuunainen, Pasi (2015). "The transfer of military knowledge and the Finnish Civil War: The Finnish volunteers in the Royal Prussian Jaeger Battalion 27 as adopters and disseminators of the German art of war, 1915–1918". Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte. 28 (1): 91–97. doi:10.13109/kize.2015.28.1.91. JSTOR 24574785.
Swanström 2021, p. 30. Swanström, André (2021). "Suomalaiset SS-miehet ja aseveljeys" [Finnish SS-men and Brotherhood-in-Arms]. Ennen Ja NYT: Historian Tietosanomat (in Finnish). 21 (2): 29–52. doi:10.37449/ennenjanyt.101557. ISSN 1458-1396. S2CID 236548970.

doria.fi

Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 8–9. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 9. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 7. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 9–11. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 11. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 11–12. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 12. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 14. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 21–22. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 12–13. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 13. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 15. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 15–16, 18. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 18. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 18–20. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 18–19. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 19. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 20–21. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 23. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 24. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 28. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 30. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.

eduskunta.fi

"Eduskunta - kansanedustajat". Eduskunta.fi. Retrieved 29 September 2023.

finna.fi

kuvaaja Pietinen Viljo. "SS-sotilas Rainer Sormunen". www.finna.fi. Retrieved 11 January 2020.

helsinki.fi

www2.helsinki.fi

Swanström 2017, p. 48. Saying (transl.) "Pihkala's critical stance towards Germans and national socialism was made stronger by the constant stream of atrocities and war crimes he was forced to witness." Swanström, André (2017). "Fasismi ja uskonto suomalaisten SS-pastorien ajattelussa ja toiminnassa" [Fascism and religion in the thinking and actions of Finnish SS-pastors] (PDF). Suomen Kirkkohistoriallisen Seuran Vuosikirja (in Finnish). 107. Helsinki: Suomen kirkkohistoriallinen seura. ISSN 0356-0767. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Swanström 2017, p. 70. Saying (transl.) "Kurkiala's stance towards war crimes made in the name of national socialism was one of cold observation and silent approval. He was aware of the broad strokes of the Holocaust, the executions of thousands of Jews by firing, and the forced displacement of hundreds of thousands towards certain destruction." Swanström, André (2017). "Fasismi ja uskonto suomalaisten SS-pastorien ajattelussa ja toiminnassa" [Fascism and religion in the thinking and actions of Finnish SS-pastors] (PDF). Suomen Kirkkohistoriallisen Seuran Vuosikirja (in Finnish). 107. Helsinki: Suomen kirkkohistoriallinen seura. ISSN 0356-0767. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.

hs.fi

Silvennoinen 2018. Silvennoinen, Oula (17 October 2018). "Särötön kuva "tavallisista suomalaispojista" SS-joukoissa romuttuu vuoden tärkeimmässä sotahistorian teoksessa" [The flawless image of "normal Finnish boys" in the SS-troops is shattered in the most important military historical work of the year]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Räisänen 2019. Räisänen, Kari (2 February 2019). "Selvitys: Suomalaiset SS-miehet osallistuivat hyvin todennäköisesti juutalaisten, siviilien ja sotavankien surmaamiseen – "Viimeisenä ammuttiin nuorin"" [Report: Finnish SS-men very likely took part in the killings of Jews, civilians and prisoners of war – "The youngest was shot last"]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Huhtanen 2019. Huhtanen, Jarmo (14 July 2019). "SS-miesten läheiset vaativat "häpäisevän" selvityksen oikaisemista" [Close relatives of SS-men demand "dishonouring" report be corrected]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
"Äärioikeistolaisten hihamerkit ja anarkistiliput vilahtelivat Helsingissä, kun tuhannet marssivat itsenäisyyspäivän mielenosoituksissa – Poliisi otti kiinni 13 ihmistä". Helsingin Sanomat. 7 October 2020.
"Vilhelm Junnila on useita kertoja esittänyt määrärahaa SS-perinnettä vaalivalle yhdistykselle". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 30 June 2023. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
"Kuolleet | Viimeinen suomalainen SS-mies on kuollut". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 3 November 2022. Retrieved 14 December 2023.

iltalehti.fi

Muurinen 2019. Muurinen, Juha (8 February 2019). ""Juutalaisten teloittamiseen riittää kehnompikin ampumataito", SS-riveissä rintamalle hinkunut Olavi pohti kirjeessään – selvitys suomalaisten osallisuudesta julki tänään" ["For executing Jews, even a shoddier shooting skill is sufficient", pondered in his letter Olavi, who had hankered to the front with the SS – a report on the Finns' participation to be released today]. Iltalehti (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 9 September 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
"Pohjoismainen vastarintaliike joukkonujakassa itsenäisyyspäivänä - uusnatsit naureskelivat väkivallalle: "Hauskaa!"". Iltasanomat. 7 October 2020.

jstor.org

Tuunainen 2015, p. 91. Tuunainen, Pasi (2015). "The transfer of military knowledge and the Finnish Civil War: The Finnish volunteers in the Royal Prussian Jaeger Battalion 27 as adopters and disseminators of the German art of war, 1915–1918". Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte. 28 (1): 91–97. doi:10.13109/kize.2015.28.1.91. JSTOR 24574785.

kansallisbiografia.fi

Seppinen 2004. Seppinen, Ilkka (2004). "Grandell, Leonard (1894–1967)". Kansallisbiografia. Studia Biographica (in Finnish). Vol. 4. The Finnish Literature Society. ISSN 1799-4349. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Uola 2007. Uola, Mikko (2007). "Talvela, Paavo (1897–1973)". Kansallisbiografia. Studia Biographica (in Finnish). Vol. 4. The Finnish Literature Society. ISSN 1799-4349. Archived from the original on 27 September 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.

kansanuutiset.fi

"Kirjailija Timo Hännikäinen järjesti marssin uusnatsien kanssa". Kansan Uutiset. 7 October 2020.

kirjastot.fi

Kysy kirjastonhoitajalta Kirjastot.fi.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Swanström 2021, p. 30. Swanström, André (2021). "Suomalaiset SS-miehet ja aseveljeys" [Finnish SS-men and Brotherhood-in-Arms]. Ennen Ja NYT: Historian Tietosanomat (in Finnish). 21 (2): 29–52. doi:10.37449/ennenjanyt.101557. ISSN 1458-1396. S2CID 236548970.

skhs.fi

"Suomalaiset SS-miehet, politiikka ja uskonto – SKHS" [Finnish SS-men, politics and religion]. skhs.fi. 28 September 2017. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2019.

web.archive.org

Silvennoinen 2013, p. 130. Silvennoinen, Oula (2013). Stephenson, Jill; Gilmour, John (eds.). Hitler's Scandinavian Legacy. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 129–146. ISBN 9781441190369. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, pp. 219–20. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Silvennoinen 2013, pp. 134–36. Silvennoinen, Oula (2013). Stephenson, Jill; Gilmour, John (eds.). Hitler's Scandinavian Legacy. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 129–146. ISBN 9781441190369. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Worthen & Muir 2013, p. 220. Worthen, Hana; Muir, Simo (2013). Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137302656. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Silvennoinen 2013, p. 136. Silvennoinen, Oula (2013). Stephenson, Jill; Gilmour, John (eds.). Hitler's Scandinavian Legacy. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 129–146. ISBN 9781441190369. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 8–9. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 9. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 7. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Seppinen 2004. Seppinen, Ilkka (2004). "Grandell, Leonard (1894–1967)". Kansallisbiografia. Studia Biographica (in Finnish). Vol. 4. The Finnish Literature Society. ISSN 1799-4349. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Uola 2007. Uola, Mikko (2007). "Talvela, Paavo (1897–1973)". Kansallisbiografia. Studia Biographica (in Finnish). Vol. 4. The Finnish Literature Society. ISSN 1799-4349. Archived from the original on 27 September 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Payne 2011, pp. 28–29. Payne, Stanley G. (2011). Civil War in Europe, 1905–1949. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1139499644. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 9–11. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Westerlund 2019, p. 17. Westerlund, Lars (2019). The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943 (PDF). The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society. ISBN 978-951-858-111-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, p. 11. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019, pp. 11–12. Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019). "Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies" (PDF). Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
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worldcat.org

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