First Islamic state (English Wikipedia)

John Burton: Bulletin of the Society of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 53 (1990), p. 328, cited in Ibn Warraq, ed. (2000). "2. Origins of Islam: A Critical Look at the Sources". The Quest for the Historical Muhammad. Prometheus. pp. 91. ISBN 9781573927871.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

"Chapter 1. "A Prophet Has Appeared, Coming with the Saracens": Muhammad’s Leadership during the Conquest of Palestine According to Seventh- and Eighth-Century Sources". The Death of a Prophet: The End of Muhammad's Life and the Beginnings of Islam, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012, pp. 18-72. https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812205138.18
Leila Ahmed (Summer 1986). "Women and the Advent of Islam". Signs. 11 (4): 665–91 (686). doi:10.1086/494271. ISSN 0097-9740. JSTOR 3174138. S2CID 144943406.

Islam, History of. "Prophet Muhammad in Medina | Advent of Islam". History of Islam. Retrieved 2025-01-04.

As the Arabs of the Ḥejāz had used the drahms of the Sasanian-style, the only silver coinage in the world at that time, it was natural for them to leave many of the Sasanian mints in operation, striking coins like those of the emperors in every detail except for the addition of brief Arabic inscriptions like besmellāh in the margins.https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/coins-and-coinage-

Khel, Muhammad Nazeer Kaka (1982). "Foundation of the Islamic State at Medina and Its Constitution". Islamic Studies. 21 (3): 61–88. ISSN 0578-8072. JSTOR 20847209.
Leila Ahmed (Summer 1986). "Women and the Advent of Islam". Signs. 11 (4): 665–91 (686). doi:10.1086/494271. ISSN 0097-9740. JSTOR 3174138. S2CID 144943406.

Leila Ahmed (Summer 1986). "Women and the Advent of Islam". Signs. 11 (4): 665–91 (686). doi:10.1086/494271. ISSN 0097-9740. JSTOR 3174138. S2CID 144943406.

Lester, Toby (1 January 1999). "What Is the Koran?". The Atlantic. Washington, D.C. ISSN 2151-9463. OCLC 936540106. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2022.

Lester, Toby (1 January 1999). "What Is the Koran?". The Atlantic. Washington, D.C. ISSN 2151-9463. OCLC 936540106. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2022.

Khel, Muhammad Nazeer Kaka (1982). "Foundation of the Islamic State at Medina and Its Constitution". Islamic Studies. 21 (3): 61–88. ISSN 0578-8072. JSTOR 20847209.
Lester, Toby (1 January 1999). "What Is the Koran?". The Atlantic. Washington, D.C. ISSN 2151-9463. OCLC 936540106. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
Watt, M. "Aisha bint Abi Bakr". In P.J. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. Brill Academic Publishers. ISSN 1573-3912.
Mubarakpuri, Safi-ur-Rahman (2008). The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Noble Prophet (2nd rev. ed.). Riyadh: Darussalam. ISBN 978-1-59144-070-3. OCLC 1148803557.
Leila Ahmed (Summer 1986). "Women and the Advent of Islam". Signs. 11 (4): 665–91 (686). doi:10.1086/494271. ISSN 0097-9740. JSTOR 3174138. S2CID 144943406.