Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Foreskin" in English language version.
As long as the foreskin doesn't easily retract, only the outside needs to be cleaned. If the foreskin retracts a little, just clean the exposed area of the glans with water.
In the male newborn, the mucosal surfaces of the inner foreskin and glans penis adhere to one another; [...] Until this developmental process is complete, the best descriptor to use is 'nonretractile foreskin' rather than the confusing and perhaps erroneous term 'physiologic phimosis
At birth, the inner foreskin is usually fused to the glans penis and should not be forcibly retracted
the incidence of non-retractable physiological phimosis was 50% in grade 1 boys and decreased to 35% in grade 4 and 8% in grade 7 boys
The collection of smegma (a white exudate of skin cells and keratin) separating the prepuce from the glans and repeated reflex erections are the primary mechanisms that lead to resolution of physiological adhesions over time.
It is also a warm, moist environment that may allow viral particles to linger longer on the penis
At birth, the inner foreskin is usually fused to the glans penis and should not be forcibly retracted
ts outer surface is continuous with skin of the penile shaft and is covered by a glabrous stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Its inner mucosal surface is lined by variably-keratinized squamous epithelium
branches of the dorsal nerve of the penis are already present within the preputial mesenchyme", "Parasympathetic and sympathetic input to the penis is via the pelvic plexus
Certain preputial sensory corpuscles, such as Meissner's corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, and Merkel cell‐neurite complexes, function as mechanoreceptors in human glabrous skin
Behind the corona, the axial arteries send perforating branches through Buck's fascia to anastomose with the terminal branches of the dorsal arteries before they end in the glans. The attenuated continuation of the arteries pass into the prepuce.
The superficial dorsal vein drains blood from the foreskin into saphenous and external pudendal veins
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)Human preputial development begins at ~11 weeks of gestation [...] when the epithelium thickens on the dorsal aspect of the glans penis and forms the preputial placode [...] from which bilateral preputial laminar processes extend ventrally into the glanular mesenchyme
The complete foreskin was formed only in the fetuses at 18 and 19 WPC, in which the foreskin totally covered the glans.
...the earliest stages (8 weeks) of human preputial development to advanced preputial development at 17 weeks of gestation.
The first indication of the onset of the developmental processes of the prepuce involved the appearance of a raised fold (the preputial fold), just at the coronary sulcus.
Development of the prepuce is initiated by ~12 weeks with the appearance of a novel structure, the preputial placode, which is a dorsal thickening of the epidermis on the dorsal aspect of the developing glans penis.
The process of preputial lamina formation is initiated dorsally or dorsal-laterally in the proximal aspect of the glans at 11 to 12.5 weeks
The glans was partially covered by the foreskin in the fetus at 13 WPC
From the lateral aspect of the preputial placode the bilateral preputial laminae expand ventrally until the preputial folds (foreskin) cover all of the glans, fusing in the ventral midline at ~16 weeks gestation.
Formation of the prepuce occurs after formation of the urethra in the penile shaft. The penile raphe within the penile shaft is a manifestation of fusion of the urethral folds within the shaft
Examination of the ontogeny of innervation of the glans penis and prepuce reveals the presence of the dorsal nerve of the penis as early as 9 weeks of gestation. Nerve fibers enter the glans penis proximally and extend distally...to eventually reach the distal aspect of the glans and prepuce by 14 to 16 weeks of gestation.
Prepuce completely covering and fusing with the glans structure at around twenty-fourth week of gestation.
At birth the solid preputial lamina is intact and thus "physiologically adherent" to the glans. Thereafter, the preputial lamina will canalize creating the preputial space that "houses" the glans.
the incidence of non-retractable physiological phimosis was 50% in grade 1 boys and decreased to 35% in grade 4 and 8% in grade 7 boys
The production of smegma increases from the age of 12-13, but our actual figures of the incidence of smegma can only be of limited significance, as the boys received regular instruction about preputial hygiene.
The collection of smegma (a white exudate of skin cells and keratin) separating the prepuce from the glans and repeated reflex erections are the primary mechanisms that lead to resolution of physiological adhesions over time.
There is lack of any convincing evidence that neonatal circumcision will impact sexual function or cause a perceptible change in penile sensation in adulthood.
It is also a warm, moist environment that may allow viral particles to linger longer on the penis
At birth, the inner foreskin is usually fused to the glans penis and should not be forcibly retracted
ts outer surface is continuous with skin of the penile shaft and is covered by a glabrous stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Its inner mucosal surface is lined by variably-keratinized squamous epithelium
physiologic phimosis consists of a pliant, unscarred preputial orifice
branches of the dorsal nerve of the penis are already present within the preputial mesenchyme", "Parasympathetic and sympathetic input to the penis is via the pelvic plexus
Certain preputial sensory corpuscles, such as Meissner's corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, and Merkel cell‐neurite complexes, function as mechanoreceptors in human glabrous skin
The superficial dorsal vein drains blood from the foreskin into saphenous and external pudendal veins
Human preputial development begins at ~11 weeks of gestation [...] when the epithelium thickens on the dorsal aspect of the glans penis and forms the preputial placode [...] from which bilateral preputial laminar processes extend ventrally into the glanular mesenchyme
The complete foreskin was formed only in the fetuses at 18 and 19 WPC, in which the foreskin totally covered the glans.
...the earliest stages (8 weeks) of human preputial development to advanced preputial development at 17 weeks of gestation.
Development of the prepuce is initiated by ~12 weeks with the appearance of a novel structure, the preputial placode, which is a dorsal thickening of the epidermis on the dorsal aspect of the developing glans penis.
The process of preputial lamina formation is initiated dorsally or dorsal-laterally in the proximal aspect of the glans at 11 to 12.5 weeks
The glans was partially covered by the foreskin in the fetus at 13 WPC
From the lateral aspect of the preputial placode the bilateral preputial laminae expand ventrally until the preputial folds (foreskin) cover all of the glans, fusing in the ventral midline at ~16 weeks gestation.
Formation of the prepuce occurs after formation of the urethra in the penile shaft. The penile raphe within the penile shaft is a manifestation of fusion of the urethral folds within the shaft
Examination of the ontogeny of innervation of the glans penis and prepuce reveals the presence of the dorsal nerve of the penis as early as 9 weeks of gestation. Nerve fibers enter the glans penis proximally and extend distally...to eventually reach the distal aspect of the glans and prepuce by 14 to 16 weeks of gestation.
The foreskin and glans are connected by the balanopreputial lamina, a membrane similar to the synechial membrane that connects the nail bed and the fingernail... This membrane and the small preputial opening prevent retraction in boys with normal physiologic phimosis.
At birth the solid preputial lamina is intact and thus "physiologically adherent" to the glans. Thereafter, the preputial lamina will canalize creating the preputial space that "houses" the glans.
the incidence of non-retractable physiological phimosis was 50% in grade 1 boys and decreased to 35% in grade 4 and 8% in grade 7 boys
most foreskins will become retractile by adulthood.
The production of smegma increases from the age of 12-13, but our actual figures of the incidence of smegma can only be of limited significance, as the boys received regular instruction about preputial hygiene.
The collection of smegma (a white exudate of skin cells and keratin) separating the prepuce from the glans and repeated reflex erections are the primary mechanisms that lead to resolution of physiological adhesions over time.
There is lack of any convincing evidence that neonatal circumcision will impact sexual function or cause a perceptible change in penile sensation in adulthood.
It is also a warm, moist environment that may allow viral particles to linger longer on the penis
At birth, the inner foreskin is usually fused to the glans penis and should not be forcibly retracted
ts outer surface is continuous with skin of the penile shaft and is covered by a glabrous stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Its inner mucosal surface is lined by variably-keratinized squamous epithelium
physiologic phimosis consists of a pliant, unscarred preputial orifice
branches of the dorsal nerve of the penis are already present within the preputial mesenchyme", "Parasympathetic and sympathetic input to the penis is via the pelvic plexus
Certain preputial sensory corpuscles, such as Meissner's corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, and Merkel cell‐neurite complexes, function as mechanoreceptors in human glabrous skin
Human preputial development begins at ~11 weeks of gestation [...] when the epithelium thickens on the dorsal aspect of the glans penis and forms the preputial placode [...] from which bilateral preputial laminar processes extend ventrally into the glanular mesenchyme
...the earliest stages (8 weeks) of human preputial development to advanced preputial development at 17 weeks of gestation.
Development of the prepuce is initiated by ~12 weeks with the appearance of a novel structure, the preputial placode, which is a dorsal thickening of the epidermis on the dorsal aspect of the developing glans penis.
The process of preputial lamina formation is initiated dorsally or dorsal-laterally in the proximal aspect of the glans at 11 to 12.5 weeks
From the lateral aspect of the preputial placode the bilateral preputial laminae expand ventrally until the preputial folds (foreskin) cover all of the glans, fusing in the ventral midline at ~16 weeks gestation.
Formation of the prepuce occurs after formation of the urethra in the penile shaft. The penile raphe within the penile shaft is a manifestation of fusion of the urethral folds within the shaft
Examination of the ontogeny of innervation of the glans penis and prepuce reveals the presence of the dorsal nerve of the penis as early as 9 weeks of gestation. Nerve fibers enter the glans penis proximally and extend distally...to eventually reach the distal aspect of the glans and prepuce by 14 to 16 weeks of gestation.
The foreskin and glans are connected by the balanopreputial lamina, a membrane similar to the synechial membrane that connects the nail bed and the fingernail... This membrane and the small preputial opening prevent retraction in boys with normal physiologic phimosis.
At birth the solid preputial lamina is intact and thus "physiologically adherent" to the glans. Thereafter, the preputial lamina will canalize creating the preputial space that "houses" the glans.
the incidence of non-retractable physiological phimosis was 50% in grade 1 boys and decreased to 35% in grade 4 and 8% in grade 7 boys
most foreskins will become retractile by adulthood.
The production of smegma increases from the age of 12-13, but our actual figures of the incidence of smegma can only be of limited significance, as the boys received regular instruction about preputial hygiene.
The collection of smegma (a white exudate of skin cells and keratin) separating the prepuce from the glans and repeated reflex erections are the primary mechanisms that lead to resolution of physiological adhesions over time.
There is lack of any convincing evidence that neonatal circumcision will impact sexual function or cause a perceptible change in penile sensation in adulthood.
The Paediatrics and Child Health Division, The Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) has prepared this statement on routine circumcision of infants and boys to assist parents who are considering having this procedure undertaken on their male children and for doctors who are asked to advise on or undertake it. After extensive review of the literature the RACP reaffirms that there is no medical indication for routine neonatal circumcision. Circumcision of males has been undertaken for religious and cultural reasons for many thousands of years. It remains an important ritual in some religious and cultural groups.…In recent years there has been evidence of possible health benefits from routine male circumcision. The most important conditions where some benefit may result from circumcision are urinary tract infections, HIV and later cancer of the penis.…The complication rate of neonatal circumcision is reported to be around 1% and includes tenderness, bleeding and unhappy results to the appearance of the penis. Serious complications such as bleeding, septicaemia and may occasionally cause death (1 in 550,000). The possibility that routine circumcision may contravene human rights has been raised because circumcision is performed on a minor and is without proven medical benefit. Whether these legal concerns are valid will be known only if the matter is determined in a court of law. If the operation is to be performed, the medical attendant should ensure this is done by a competent operator, using appropriate anaesthesia and in a safe child-friendly environment. In all cases where parents request a circumcision for their child the medical attendant is obliged to provide accurate information on the risks and benefits of the procedure. Up-to-date, unbiased written material summarizing the evidence should be widely available to parents. Review of the literature in relation to risks and benefits shows there is no evidence of benefit outweighing harm for circumcision as a routine procedure in the neonate.
The prepuce is a specialized junctional mucocutaneous tissue that provides adequate skin and mucosa
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)The superficial dorsal vein drains blood from the foreskin into saphenous and external pudendal veins
The first indication of the onset of the developmental processes of the prepuce involved the appearance of a raised fold (the preputial fold), just at the coronary sulcus.
Prepuce completely covering and fusing with the glans structure at around twenty-fourth week of gestation.
The Paediatrics and Child Health Division, The Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) has prepared this statement on routine circumcision of infants and boys to assist parents who are considering having this procedure undertaken on their male children and for doctors who are asked to advise on or undertake it. After extensive review of the literature the RACP reaffirms that there is no medical indication for routine neonatal circumcision. Circumcision of males has been undertaken for religious and cultural reasons for many thousands of years. It remains an important ritual in some religious and cultural groups.…In recent years there has been evidence of possible health benefits from routine male circumcision. The most important conditions where some benefit may result from circumcision are urinary tract infections, HIV and later cancer of the penis.…The complication rate of neonatal circumcision is reported to be around 1% and includes tenderness, bleeding and unhappy results to the appearance of the penis. Serious complications such as bleeding, septicaemia and may occasionally cause death (1 in 550,000). The possibility that routine circumcision may contravene human rights has been raised because circumcision is performed on a minor and is without proven medical benefit. Whether these legal concerns are valid will be known only if the matter is determined in a court of law. If the operation is to be performed, the medical attendant should ensure this is done by a competent operator, using appropriate anaesthesia and in a safe child-friendly environment. In all cases where parents request a circumcision for their child the medical attendant is obliged to provide accurate information on the risks and benefits of the procedure. Up-to-date, unbiased written material summarizing the evidence should be widely available to parents. Review of the literature in relation to risks and benefits shows there is no evidence of benefit outweighing harm for circumcision as a routine procedure in the neonate.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)The superficial dorsal vein drains blood from the foreskin into saphenous and external pudendal veins
The foreskin is attached to the glans by the frenulum
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)It is also a warm, moist environment that may allow viral particles to linger longer on the penis
At birth, the inner foreskin is usually fused to the glans penis and should not be forcibly retracted
ts outer surface is continuous with skin of the penile shaft and is covered by a glabrous stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Its inner mucosal surface is lined by variably-keratinized squamous epithelium
physiologic phimosis consists of a pliant, unscarred preputial orifice
branches of the dorsal nerve of the penis are already present within the preputial mesenchyme", "Parasympathetic and sympathetic input to the penis is via the pelvic plexus
Certain preputial sensory corpuscles, such as Meissner's corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, and Merkel cell‐neurite complexes, function as mechanoreceptors in human glabrous skin
The superficial dorsal vein drains blood from the foreskin into saphenous and external pudendal veins
Human preputial development begins at ~11 weeks of gestation [...] when the epithelium thickens on the dorsal aspect of the glans penis and forms the preputial placode [...] from which bilateral preputial laminar processes extend ventrally into the glanular mesenchyme
The complete foreskin was formed only in the fetuses at 18 and 19 WPC, in which the foreskin totally covered the glans.
...the earliest stages (8 weeks) of human preputial development to advanced preputial development at 17 weeks of gestation.
Development of the prepuce is initiated by ~12 weeks with the appearance of a novel structure, the preputial placode, which is a dorsal thickening of the epidermis on the dorsal aspect of the developing glans penis.
The process of preputial lamina formation is initiated dorsally or dorsal-laterally in the proximal aspect of the glans at 11 to 12.5 weeks
The glans was partially covered by the foreskin in the fetus at 13 WPC
From the lateral aspect of the preputial placode the bilateral preputial laminae expand ventrally until the preputial folds (foreskin) cover all of the glans, fusing in the ventral midline at ~16 weeks gestation.
Formation of the prepuce occurs after formation of the urethra in the penile shaft. The penile raphe within the penile shaft is a manifestation of fusion of the urethral folds within the shaft
Examination of the ontogeny of innervation of the glans penis and prepuce reveals the presence of the dorsal nerve of the penis as early as 9 weeks of gestation. Nerve fibers enter the glans penis proximally and extend distally...to eventually reach the distal aspect of the glans and prepuce by 14 to 16 weeks of gestation.
The foreskin and glans are connected by the balanopreputial lamina, a membrane similar to the synechial membrane that connects the nail bed and the fingernail... This membrane and the small preputial opening prevent retraction in boys with normal physiologic phimosis.
At birth the solid preputial lamina is intact and thus "physiologically adherent" to the glans. Thereafter, the preputial lamina will canalize creating the preputial space that "houses" the glans.
the incidence of non-retractable physiological phimosis was 50% in grade 1 boys and decreased to 35% in grade 4 and 8% in grade 7 boys
The collection of smegma (a white exudate of skin cells and keratin) separating the prepuce from the glans and repeated reflex erections are the primary mechanisms that lead to resolution of physiological adhesions over time.
The foreskin is attached to the glans by the frenulum
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)