Fossil (English Wikipedia)

Milmo, Cahal (25 November 2009). "Fossil theft: One of our dinosaurs is missing". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 28 November 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
Simons, Lewis. "Fossil Wars". National Geographic. The National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
Willis, Paul; Clark, Tim; Dennis, Carina (18 April 2002). "Fossil Trade". Catalyst. Archived from the original on 24 May 2012. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
Farrar, Steve (5 November 1999). "Cretaceous crimes that fuel the fossil trade". Times Higher Education. Archived from the original on 20 August 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2011.

archive.org

Prothero, Donald R. (2007). Evolution: What the Fossils Say and Why It Matters. Columbia University Press. pp. 50–53. ISBN 978-0-231-51142-1.

archive.today

Riding, R. (2007). "The term stromatolite: towards an essential definition". Lethaia. 32 (4): 321–330. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1999.tb00550.x. Archived from the original on 2 May 2015.

berkeley.edu

ucmp.berkeley.edu

"What is paleontology?". University of California Museum of Paleontology. Archived from the original on 16 September 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008.

books.google.com

Rudwick, M. J. S. (1985). The Meaning of Fossils: Episodes in the History of Palaeontology. University of Chicago Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-226-73103-2. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
Mayor, Adrienne (24 October 2013). Fossil Legends of the First Americans. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-4931-4. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2019 – via Google Books.
Alistair Cameron Crombie (1990). Science, optics, and music in medieval and early modern thought. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 108–109. ISBN 978-0-907628-79-8. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
da Vinci, Leonardo (1956) [1938]. The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci. London: Reynal & Hitchcock. p. 335. ISBN 978-0-9737837-3-5. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)^{[permanent dead link]}
Fedonkin, M.A.; Gehling, J.G.; Grey, K.; Narbonne, G.M.; Vickers-Rich, P. (2007). The Rise of Animals: Evolution and Diversification of the Kingdom Animalia. JHU Press. pp. 213–216. ISBN 978-0-8018-8679-9. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2008.
Herron, Scott; Freeman, Jon C. (2004). Evolutionary analysis (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. p. 816. ISBN 978-0-13-101859-4. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
Neuendorf, Klaus K. E.; Institute, American Geological (2005). Glossary of Geology. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0-922152-76-6. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
Wilson Nichols Stewart; Gar W. Rothwell (1993). Paleobotany and the evolution of plants (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-521-38294-6.
Anand, Konkala (2022). Zoology: Animal Distribution, Evolution And Development. AG PUBLISHING HOUSE. p. 42. ISBN 9789395936293.
Schopf, J. William (1999). Cradle of life: the discovery of earth's earliest fossils. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. pp. 87–89. ISBN 978-0-691-08864-8. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2018.

bris.ac.uk

palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk

"Cuvier". palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 25 May 2014. Retrieved 3 November 2008.

cambridge.org

Braddy, Simon J.; Gass, Kenneth C.; Tessler, Michael (4 September 2023). "Not the first leech: An unusual worm from the early Silurian of Wisconsin". Journal of Paleontology. 97 (4): 799–804. Bibcode:2023JPal...97..799B. doi:10.1017/jpa.2023.47. ISSN 0022-3360. S2CID 261535626.

demon.co.uk

gwydir.demon.co.uk

"Cartilaginous fish". Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
"References to fossils by Pliny the Elder". Archived from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.

depositsmag.com

"Folklore of Fossil Echinoderms". 4 April 2017. Archived from the original on 17 February 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.

doi.org

Jablonski, David; Roy, Kaustuv; Valentine, James W.; Price, Rebecca M.; Anderson, Philip S. (16 May 2003). "The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity". Science. 300 (5622): 1133–1135. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.1133J. doi:10.1126/science.1083246. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 12750517. S2CID 42468747.
Sahney, Sarda; Benton, Michael J.; Ferry, Paul A. (23 August 2010). "Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land". Biology Letters. 6 (4): 544–547. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024. PMC 2936204. PMID 20106856.
Edward B. Daeschler, Neil H. Shubin and Farish A. Jenkins Jr. (6 April 2006). "A Devonian tetrapod-like fish and the evolution of the tetrapod body plan" (PDF). Nature. 440 (7085): 757–763. Bibcode:2006Natur.440..757D. doi:10.1038/nature04639. PMID 16598249. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
Bertling, M; et al. (2006). "Names for trace fossils: a uniform approach". Lethaia. 39 (3): 265–286. Bibcode:2006Letha..39..265B. doi:10.1080/00241160600787890. hdl:11336/16772.
Bertling, M; et al. (2022). "Names for trace fossils 2.0: theory and practice in ichnotaxonomy". Lethaia. 55 (3): 1–19. Bibcode:2022Letha..55..3.3B. doi:10.18261/let.55.3.3.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. 13 (12): 1103–24. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112 (47): 14518–21. Bibcode:2015PNAS..11214518B. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 November 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.
Westall, Frances; et al. (2001). "Early Archean fossil bacteria and biofilms in hydrothermally influenced sediments from the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa". Precambrian Research. 106 (1–2): 93–116. Bibcode:2001PreR..106...93W. doi:10.1016/S0301-9268(00)00127-3.
McNamara, Kenneth J. (2007). "Shepherds' crowns, fairy loaves and thunderstones: the mythology of fossil echinoids in England". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 273 (1): 279–294. Bibcode:2007GSLSP.273..279M. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2007.273.01.22. S2CID 129384807. Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
Baucon, Andrea (2010). "Leonardo da Vinci, the founding father of ichnoogy". PALAIOS. 25 (5/6). SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology: 361–367. Bibcode:2010Palai..25..361B. doi:10.2110/palo.2009.p09-049r. JSTOR 40606506. S2CID 86011122.
Donoghue, PCJ; Bengtson, S; Dong, X; Gostling, NJ; Huldtgren, T; Cunningham, JA; Yin, C; Yue, Z; Peng, F; et al. (2006). "Synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy of fossil embryos". Nature. 442 (7103): 680–683. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..680D. doi:10.1038/nature04890. PMID 16900198. S2CID 4411929.
Foote, M.; Sepkoski, J.J. Jr (1999). "Absolute measures of the completeness of the fossil record". Nature. 398 (6726): 415–417. Bibcode:1999Natur.398..415F. doi:10.1038/18872. PMID 11536900. S2CID 4323702.
Benton, M. (2009). "The completeness of the fossil record". Significance. 6 (3): 117–121. doi:10.1111/j.1740-9713.2009.00374.x. S2CID 84441170.
Žliobaitė, I.; Fortelius, M. (2021). "On calibrating the completometer for the mammalian fossil record". Paleobiology. 48: 1–11. doi:10.1017/pab.2021.22. S2CID 238686414.
Eiting, T.P.; Gunnell, G.G (2009). "Global Completeness of the Bat Fossil Record". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 16 (3): 151–173. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9118-x. S2CID 5923450.
Brocklehurst, N.; Upchurch, P.; Mannion, P.D.; O'Connor, J. (2012). "The Completeness of the Fossil Record of Mesozoic Birds: Implications for Early Avian Evolution". PLOS ONE. 7 (6): e39056. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...739056B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039056. PMC 3382576. PMID 22761723.
Retallack, G. (1984). "Completeness of the rock and fossil record: some estimates using fossil soils". Paleobiology. 10 (1): 59–78. Bibcode:1984Pbio...10...59R. doi:10.1017/S0094837300008022. S2CID 140168970.
Benton, M.J.; Storrs, G.Wm. (1994). "Testing the quality of the fossil record: Paleontological knowledge is improving". Geology. 22 (2): 111–114. Bibcode:1994Geo....22..111B. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0111:TTQOTF>2.3.CO;2.
Holland, S.M.; Patzkowsky, M.E. (1999). "Models for simulating the fossil record". Geology. 27 (6): 491–494. Bibcode:1999Geo....27..491H. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0491:MFSTFR>2.3.CO;2.
Koch, C. (1978). "Bias in the published fossil record". Paleobiology. 4 (3): 367–372. Bibcode:1978Pbio....4..367K. doi:10.1017/S0094837300006060. S2CID 87368101.
Signore, P.W. III; Lipps, J.H. (1982). "Sampling bias, gradual extinction patterns and catastrophes in the fossil record". In Silver, L.T.; Schultz, P.H. (eds.). Geological Implications of Impacts of Large Asteroids and Comets on the Earth. Geological Society of America Special Papers. Vol. 190. pp. 291–296. doi:10.1130/SPE190-p291. ISBN 0-8137-2190-3.
Vilhena, D.A.; Smith, A.B. (2013). "Spatial Bias in the Marine Fossil Record". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e74470. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...874470V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074470. PMC 3813679. PMID 24204570.
Martin, M.W.; Grazhdankin, D.V.; Bowring, S.A.; Evans, D.A.D.; Fedonkin, M.A.; Kirschvink, J.L. (5 May 2000). "Age of Neoproterozoic Bilaterian Body and Trace Fossils, White Sea, Russia: Implications for Metazoan Evolution". Science. 288 (5467): 841–5. Bibcode:2000Sci...288..841M. doi:10.1126/science.288.5467.841. PMID 10797002. S2CID 1019572.
Pufahl, P.K.; Grimm, K.A.; Abed, A.M. & Sadaqah, R.M.Y. (October 2003). "Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) phosphorites in Jordan: implications for the formation of a south Tethyan phosphorite giant". Sedimentary Geology. 161 (3–4): 175–205. Bibcode:2003SedG..161..175P. doi:10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00070-8.
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Hug, L.A.; Roger, A.J. (2007). "The Impact of Fossils and Taxon Sampling on Ancient Molecular Dating Analyses". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 24 (8): 889–1897. doi:10.1093/molbev/msm115. PMID 17556757.
Peterson, Kevin J.; Butterfield, N.J. (2005). "Origin of the Eumetazoa: Testing ecological predictions of molecular clocks against the Proterozoic fossil record". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (27): 9547–52. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.9547P. doi:10.1073/pnas.0503660102. PMC 1172262. PMID 15983372.
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Bertling, M; et al. (2006). "Names for trace fossils: a uniform approach". Lethaia. 39 (3): 265–286. Bibcode:2006Letha..39..265B. doi:10.1080/00241160600787890. hdl:11336/16772.
Gehling, James; Jensen, Sören; Droser, Mary; Myrow, Paul; Narbonne, Guy (March 2001). "Burrowing below the basal Cambrian GSSP, Fortune Head, Newfoundland". Geological Magazine. 138 (2): 213–218. Bibcode:2001GeoM..138..213G. doi:10.1017/S001675680100509X. hdl:10662/24314. S2CID 131211543.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Jablonski, David; Roy, Kaustuv; Valentine, James W.; Price, Rebecca M.; Anderson, Philip S. (16 May 2003). "The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity". Science. 300 (5622): 1133–1135. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.1133J. doi:10.1126/science.1083246. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 12750517. S2CID 42468747.
Edward B. Daeschler, Neil H. Shubin and Farish A. Jenkins Jr. (6 April 2006). "A Devonian tetrapod-like fish and the evolution of the tetrapod body plan" (PDF). Nature. 440 (7085): 757–763. Bibcode:2006Natur.440..757D. doi:10.1038/nature04639. PMID 16598249. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
Bertling, M; et al. (2006). "Names for trace fossils: a uniform approach". Lethaia. 39 (3): 265–286. Bibcode:2006Letha..39..265B. doi:10.1080/00241160600787890. hdl:11336/16772.
Bertling, M; et al. (2022). "Names for trace fossils 2.0: theory and practice in ichnotaxonomy". Lethaia. 55 (3): 1–19. Bibcode:2022Letha..55..3.3B. doi:10.18261/let.55.3.3.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. 13 (12): 1103–24. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112 (47): 14518–21. Bibcode:2015PNAS..11214518B. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 November 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.
Westall, Frances; et al. (2001). "Early Archean fossil bacteria and biofilms in hydrothermally influenced sediments from the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa". Precambrian Research. 106 (1–2): 93–116. Bibcode:2001PreR..106...93W. doi:10.1016/S0301-9268(00)00127-3.
McNamara, Kenneth J. (2007). "Shepherds' crowns, fairy loaves and thunderstones: the mythology of fossil echinoids in England". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 273 (1): 279–294. Bibcode:2007GSLSP.273..279M. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2007.273.01.22. S2CID 129384807. Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
Baucon, Andrea (2010). "Leonardo da Vinci, the founding father of ichnoogy". PALAIOS. 25 (5/6). SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology: 361–367. Bibcode:2010Palai..25..361B. doi:10.2110/palo.2009.p09-049r. JSTOR 40606506. S2CID 86011122.
Donoghue, PCJ; Bengtson, S; Dong, X; Gostling, NJ; Huldtgren, T; Cunningham, JA; Yin, C; Yue, Z; Peng, F; et al. (2006). "Synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy of fossil embryos". Nature. 442 (7103): 680–683. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..680D. doi:10.1038/nature04890. PMID 16900198. S2CID 4411929.
Foote, M.; Sepkoski, J.J. Jr (1999). "Absolute measures of the completeness of the fossil record". Nature. 398 (6726): 415–417. Bibcode:1999Natur.398..415F. doi:10.1038/18872. PMID 11536900. S2CID 4323702.
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