Four causes (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Four causes" in English language version.

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7doi.org

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7books.google.com

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4semanticscholar.org

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3tufts.edu

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1stanford.edu

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academia.edu (Global: 121^st place; English: 142^nd place)

Waddington, David (2005). "A Field Guide to Heidegger Understanding | The Question Concerning Technology". Educational Philosophy and Theory. 37 (4): 568. doi:10.1111/j.1469-5812.2005.00141.x. S2CID 143892202.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Preus, Anthony (2015). "Material cause". Historical Dictionary of Ancient Greek Philosophy (2nd ed.). Rowman and Littlefield. ISBN 978-0810854871.
Howison, George Holmes. 1901. The Limits of Evolution. p. 39; and second edition, 1905, p.39
cf. Feser, Edward (2009). Aquinas: A Beginner's Guide. Beginner's Guides (Reprint ed.). Oxford: Oneworld Publications (published 2011). ISBN 978-1780740065. Retrieved 2018-03-12. [...] three principles are central to Aquinas's general metaphysics [...] the principle of finality is in a sense the most fundamental of them, given that the final cause is 'the cause of causes': for, again in Aquinas's' view an efficient cause can bring an effect in to being only if it is 'directed towards' that effect; and it is ultimately in that sense that the effect is 'contained in' the efficient cause.
cf. Feser, Edward (2009). Aquinas: A Beginner's Guide. Beginner's Guides (Reprint ed.). Oxford: Oneworld Publications (published 2011). ISBN 978-1780740065. Retrieved 2018-03-12. A match, for example, reliably generates flame and heat when struck, and never (say) frost and cold, or the smell of lilacs, or thunder.
John Patrick Noonan (2020). General Metaphysics. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 228. ISBN 978-1725272644.
Philipp W. Rosemann (1996). Omne Agens Agit Sibi Simile : A "repetition" of Scholastic Metaphysics. Philosophical Studies of Louvain. Leuven University Press. ISBN 978-9061867777. (review)
William James (1979). Some Problems of Philosophy. Donald F. Koch American Philosophy Collection. Curators: Frederick Burkhardt, Fredson Bowers, Ignas K. Skrupskelis. Oxford University Press. p. 97. ISBN 978-0674820357.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

"Aristotle famously distinguishes four 'causes' (or causal factors in explanation), the matter, the form, the end, and the agent." Hankinson, R. J. 1998. Cause and Explanation in Ancient Greek Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 159. ISBN 978-0198237457. doi:10.1093/0199246564.001.0001.
Lennox, James G. (1993), "Darwin was a teleologist", Biology and Philosophy, 8 (4): 409–421, doi:10.1007/BF00857687, S2CID 170767015
"The development or behavior of an individual is purposive, natural selection is definitely not…. Darwin 'has swept out such finalistic teleology by the front door.'" Mayr, Ernst (1961). "Cause and Effect in Biology". Science. 134 (3489): 1501–1506. doi:10.1126/science.134.3489.1501. PMID 14471768.
Kauffman, Stuart; Logan, Robert K.; Este, Robert; Goebel, Randy; Hobill, David; Shmulevich, Ilya (2007-11-19). "Propagating organization: an enquiry" (PDF). Biology & Philosophy. 23 (1): 27–45. doi:10.1007/s10539-007-9066-x. ISSN 0169-3867. S2CID 10929570.
MacDougall-Shackleton, Scott A. (2011-07-27). "The levels of analysis revisited". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 366 (1574): 2076–2085. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0363. PMC 3130367. PMID 21690126.
Waddington, David (2005). "A Field Guide to Heidegger Understanding | The Question Concerning Technology". Educational Philosophy and Theory. 37 (4): 568. doi:10.1111/j.1469-5812.2005.00141.x. S2CID 143892202.
Lovitt, W. (1973). "A Gespräch with Heidegger on Technology, Man and World". Man and World. 6 (1): 44–62. doi:10.1007/BF01252782. S2CID 145770576.

encyclopedia.com (Global: 462^nd place; English: 345^th place)

"Scholastic terms and axioms".

hs-augsburg.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Aristotle. Ἀναλυτικὰ ὕστερα [Posterior Analytics] (in Greek). Hochschule Augsburg. Retrieved 2023-03-07.

ishe.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hladký, Vojtěch; Havlíček, Jan (2013). "Was Tinbergen an Aristotelian? Comparison of Tinbergen's Four Whys and Aristotle's Four Causes" (PDF). Human Ethology Bulletin. 28 (4): 3–11.

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)

muse.jhu.edu

Philipp W. Rosemann (1996). Omne Agens Agit Sibi Simile : A "repetition" of Scholastic Metaphysics. Philosophical Studies of Louvain. Leuven University Press. ISBN 978-9061867777. (review)

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Mondin, P. Battista (1960). "Il Principio « Omne Agens Agit Simile Sibi » e l'Analogia dei Nomi Divini Nel Pensiero di S. Tommaso d'Aquino". Divus Thomas. 63: 336–348. JSTOR 45077278.

nd.edu (Global: 2,387^th place; English: 1,479^th place)

maritain.nd.edu

"The Metaphysics of the School / by Thomas Harper, S.J." Archived from the original on 2023-05-16. Retrieved 2023-05-16.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

"The development or behavior of an individual is purposive, natural selection is definitely not…. Darwin 'has swept out such finalistic teleology by the front door.'" Mayr, Ernst (1961). "Cause and Effect in Biology". Science. 134 (3489): 1501–1506. doi:10.1126/science.134.3489.1501. PMID 14471768.
MacDougall-Shackleton, Scott A. (2011-07-27). "The levels of analysis revisited". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 366 (1574): 2076–2085. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0363. PMC 3130367. PMID 21690126.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

MacDougall-Shackleton, Scott A. (2011-07-27). "The levels of analysis revisited". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 366 (1574): 2076–2085. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0363. PMC 3130367. PMID 21690126.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Lennox, James G. (1993), "Darwin was a teleologist", Biology and Philosophy, 8 (4): 409–421, doi:10.1007/BF00857687, S2CID 170767015
Kauffman, Stuart; Logan, Robert K.; Este, Robert; Goebel, Randy; Hobill, David; Shmulevich, Ilya (2007-11-19). "Propagating organization: an enquiry" (PDF). Biology & Philosophy. 23 (1): 27–45. doi:10.1007/s10539-007-9066-x. ISSN 0169-3867. S2CID 10929570.
Waddington, David (2005). "A Field Guide to Heidegger Understanding | The Question Concerning Technology". Educational Philosophy and Theory. 37 (4): 568. doi:10.1111/j.1469-5812.2005.00141.x. S2CID 143892202.
Lovitt, W. (1973). "A Gespräch with Heidegger on Technology, Man and World". Man and World. 6 (1): 44–62. doi:10.1007/BF01252782. S2CID 145770576.

stanford.edu (Global: 179^th place; English: 183^rd place)

plato.stanford.edu

Falcon, Andrea (2019) [First published 2006]. "Aristotle on Causality: 2. The Four Causes". In Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2019 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 2023-06-19. ... for a full range of cases, an explanation which fails to invoke all four causes is no explanation at all.

tufts.edu (Global: 155^th place; English: 138^th place)

perseus.tufts.edu

Aristotle. Metaphysics V, (Aristotle in 23 Volumes, vols. 17–18), translated by H. Tredennick (1933/1989). London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1989 – via Perseus Project. § 1013a. Aristotle discusses the four "causes" in his Physics, Book B, ch. 3.
Aristotle (1924). Ross, W. D. (ed.). Aristotle's Metaphysics (in Greek). Oxford: Clarendon Press – via perseus.tufts.edu.
Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940). "αἰτιο-λογία". A Greek–English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Retrieved 19 June 2023 – via perseus.tufts.edu.

ucsd.edu (Global: 1,933^rd place; English: 1,342^nd place)

mechanism.ucsd.edu

Kauffman, Stuart; Logan, Robert K.; Este, Robert; Goebel, Randy; Hobill, David; Shmulevich, Ilya (2007-11-19). "Propagating organization: an enquiry" (PDF). Biology & Philosophy. 23 (1): 27–45. doi:10.1007/s10539-007-9066-x. ISSN 0169-3867. S2CID 10929570.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The Metaphysics of the School / by Thomas Harper, S.J." Archived from the original on 2023-05-16. Retrieved 2023-05-16.

wikisource.org (Global: 27^th place; English: 51^st place)

en.wikisource.org

s:en:Page:Philosophical Review Volume 3.djvu/169

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Kauffman, Stuart; Logan, Robert K.; Este, Robert; Goebel, Randy; Hobill, David; Shmulevich, Ilya (2007-11-19). "Propagating organization: an enquiry" (PDF). Biology & Philosophy. 23 (1): 27–45. doi:10.1007/s10539-007-9066-x. ISSN 0169-3867. S2CID 10929570.

Four causes (English Wikipedia)

academia.edu (Global: 121st place; English: 142nd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

encyclopedia.com (Global: 462nd place; English: 345th place)