Frankish language (English Wikipedia)

Nadeau, Jean-Benoit; Barlow, Julie (2008). The Story of French. St. Martin's Press. pp. 34ff. ISBN 978-1-4299-3240-0. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2025.
Willemyns, Roland (11 April 2013). Dutch: Biography of a Language. OUP USA. p. 5. ISBN 9780199858712. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
Tor, D. G. (20 October 2017). The ʿAbbasid and Carolingian Empires: Comparative Studies in Civilizational Formation. BRILL. ISBN 9789004353046. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
Hans-Werner Goetz: Die „Deutschen Stämme“ als Forschungsproblem. In: Heinrich Beck, Dieter Geuenich, Heiko Steuer, Dietrich Hakelberg (ed.): Zur Geschichte der Gleichung „germanisch-deutsch“. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2004, pp. 229–253 (p. 247).
Bernard Mees, "The Bergakker Inscription and the Beginnings of Dutch", in: Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik: Band 56 — 2002, edited by Erika Langbroek, Arend Quak, Annelies Roeleveld, Paula Vermeyden, published by Rodopi, 2002, ISBN 9042015799, ISBN 9789042015791, pp. 23–26
U. T. Holmes, A. H. Schutz (1938), A History of the French Language, p. 29, Biblo & Tannen Publishers, ISBN 0-8196-0191-8

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

"Romance languages | Description, Origin, Characteristics, Map, & Facts". Archived from the original on 9 March 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2011.

cdschools.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chapter 18: The Franks (PDF). p. 4. Retrieved 18 August 2024.

cnrtl.fr (Global: 506^th place; English: 3,690^th place)

"CNRTL, "escrime"". Archived from the original on 26 April 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2012.

dbnl.org (Global: 2,252^nd place; English: 3,350^th place)

http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/cali003nieu01_01/cali003nieu01_01_0025.php Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine (entry: Vrank)
Nieuw woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine By I.M. Calisch and N.S. Calisch.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Keller, R.E. (1964). "The Language of the Franks". Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. 47 (1): 101–122, esp. 122. doi:10.7227/BJRL.47.1.6.

etymologiebank.nl (Global: 4,708^th place; English: low place)

"etymologiebank.nl "bruin"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
""etymologiebank.nl" ,s.v. "war" "chaos"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
""etymologiebank.nl" ,s.v. "wirwar"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
"Zoekresultaten". Archived from the original on 15 November 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
"etymologiebank.nl noord". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
"etymologiebank.nl "poot"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.

etymonline.com (Global: 287^th place; English: 321^st place)

"Hauberk | Search Online Etymology Dictionary". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
"Garden | Search Online Etymology Dictionary". Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2011.

grec.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

ec.grec.net

Gran Diccionari de la llengua catalana, s.v. "guinda", [1] Archived 2008-06-03 at the Wayback Machine.

historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de (Global: 5,892^nd place; English: low place)

Alfred Klepsch: Fränkische Dialekte, published on 19 October 2009; in: Historisches Lexikon Bayerns (accessed 21 November 2020)

inl.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

gtb.inl.nl

"Henegouwen". Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2017.

lvr.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

rheinische-landeskunde.lvr.de

Rheinischer Fächer – Karte des Landschaftsverband Rheinland "LVR Alltagskultur im Rheinland". Archived from the original on 15 February 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2017.

manchester.ac.uk (Global: 4,003^rd place; English: 2,646^th place)

escholar.manchester.ac.uk

THE LANGUAGE OF THE FRANKS l (PDF). Retrieved 2 December 2023.

museumhetvalkhof.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Runeninscriptie met het oudste Nederlands(?)" [Runic inscription with the oldest Dutch(?)]. Museum piece information (in Dutch). Valkhof Museum. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2017. All experts agree on the meaning of the second word: "I (he) grant(s)", and many consider the first word to be the name of the owner of the sword that the scabbard belonged to. Opinions vary on how this name should be read, just as the latter two words have been interpreted very differently. Keeping in mind the function of the piece, some academics read the last word as "sword(s)".

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Nadeau, Jean-Benoit; Barlow, Julie (2008). The Story of French. St. Martin's Press. pp. 34ff. ISBN 978-1-4299-3240-0. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2025.
"Runeninscriptie met het oudste Nederlands(?)" [Runic inscription with the oldest Dutch(?)]. Museum piece information (in Dutch). Valkhof Museum. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2017. All experts agree on the meaning of the second word: "I (he) grant(s)", and many consider the first word to be the name of the owner of the sword that the scabbard belonged to. Opinions vary on how this name should be read, just as the latter two words have been interpreted very differently. Keeping in mind the function of the piece, some academics read the last word as "sword(s)".
Rheinischer Fächer – Karte des Landschaftsverband Rheinland "LVR Alltagskultur im Rheinland". Archived from the original on 15 February 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
"Romance languages | Description, Origin, Characteristics, Map, & Facts". Archived from the original on 9 March 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
BFM (2017) Pourquoi l’Île-de-France s’appelle-t-elle l’Îe de France ?, https://www.bfmtv.com/culture/pourquoi-l-ile-de-france-s-appelle-t-elle-l-ile-de-france-1311110.html Archived 2019-04-27 at the Wayback Machine
"CNRTL, "escrime"". Archived from the original on 26 April 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/cali003nieu01_01/cali003nieu01_01_0025.php Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine (entry: Vrank)
"etymologiebank.nl "bruin"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
Nieuw woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine By I.M. Calisch and N.S. Calisch.
""etymologiebank.nl" ,s.v. "war" "chaos"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
""etymologiebank.nl" ,s.v. "wirwar"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
Gran Diccionari de la llengua catalana, s.v. "guinda", [1] Archived 2008-06-03 at the Wayback Machine.
"Hauberk | Search Online Etymology Dictionary". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
"Garden | Search Online Etymology Dictionary". Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
"Zoekresultaten". Archived from the original on 15 November 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
"etymologiebank.nl noord". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
"Henegouwen". Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
"etymologiebank.nl "poot"". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.

wikipedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

wa.wikipedia.org

See a list of Walloon names derived from Old Franconian.

Frankish language (English Wikipedia)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

bfmtv.com (Global: 590th place; English: 2,418th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 40th place; English: 58th place)

cdschools.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

cnrtl.fr (Global: 506th place; English: 3,690th place)

dbnl.org (Global: 2,252nd place; English: 3,350th place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

etymologiebank.nl (Global: 4,708th place; English: low place)

etymonline.com (Global: 287th place; English: 321st place)

grec.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

ec.grec.net

historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de (Global: 5,892nd place; English: low place)

inl.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

gtb.inl.nl

lvr.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

rheinische-landeskunde.lvr.de

manchester.ac.uk (Global: 4,003rd place; English: 2,646th place)

escholar.manchester.ac.uk

museumhetvalkhof.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

wikipedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

wa.wikipedia.org

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bfmtv.com (Global: 590^th place; English: 2,418^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

cnrtl.fr (Global: 506^th place; English: 3,690^th place)

dbnl.org (Global: 2,252^nd place; English: 3,350^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

etymologiebank.nl (Global: 4,708^th place; English: low place)

etymonline.com (Global: 287^th place; English: 321^st place)

historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de (Global: 5,892^nd place; English: low place)

manchester.ac.uk (Global: 4,003^rd place; English: 2,646^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)