Franks (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Franks" in English language version.

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Roymans & Heeren 2021. Roymans, Nico; Heeren, Stijn (2021), "Romano-Frankish interaction in the Lower Rhine frontier zone from the late 3rd to the 5th century – Some key archaeological trends explored", Germania, 99: 133–156, doi:10.11588/ger.2021.92212

archive.org

Wickham, Chris (2010) [2009]. The Inheritance of Rome: Illuminating the Dark Ages 400–1000. Penguin History of Europe, 2. Penguin Books. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-670-02098-0.
Perry 1857, p. 42. Perry, Walter Copland (1857). The Franks, from Their First Appearance in History to the Death of King Pepin. Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts.
XII Panegyrici Latini 6(7).11.4 to Constantine. Translation and notes: Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 107. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
Wallace-Hadrill 1962, p. 82. Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. (1962). The Long-Haired Kings. London: Butler & Tanner Ltd.
Geary 1988, pp. 77–78. Geary, Patrick J. (1988). Before France and Germany: The Creation and Transformation of the Merovingian World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504458-4.
Wallace-Hadrill 1962, p. 148. Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. (1962). The Long-Haired Kings. London: Butler & Tanner Ltd.
Runde 1998, p. 658 and Verlinden 1954, p. 4 citing Zosimos, Historia nova I.30.2-3 (written around 500); Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus 33.1-3; Eutropius the historian, Breviarium IX.8.2 (in the 4th century); and Orosius, Historiae VII 22.7 and 41.2 (written around 400). Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Verlinden, Charles (1954), "Frankish Colonization: A New Approach", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 4: 1–17, doi:10.2307/3678849, JSTOR 3678849
Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 139. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
Runde 1998, p. 661 and Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 107 citing Eutropius, Breviarium IX 8,2, and Orosius, Historiae, VII.25.3. Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
XII Panegyrici Latini, 10(2).10.3-5 and 11(3).5.4. Latin version ed. Emil Baehrens, XII Panegyrici Latini p.97; and translation in Nixon & Rodgers 1994, pp. 68 and 89. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
XII Panegyrici Latini 11(3).7.2. For a translation and further comments see Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 92 Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
XII Panegyrici Latini, 6(7) of 310, 5.3. Translation and commentary: Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 224, note 21 Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
Lanting & van der Plicht 2010, p. 67 citing XII Panegyrici Latini 8(4).9.3. For a translation and further comments see Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 121 Lanting; van der Plicht (2010). "De ¹⁴C-chronologie van de Nederlandse Pre- en Protohistorie. VI: Romeinse tijd en Merovingische periode, deel A: historische bronnen en chronologische schema's". Palaeohistoria. 51–52: 67. ISBN 978-90-77922-73-6. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
XII Panegyrici Latini, 6(7) of 310, 10.2, 11.5, 12.1. Translation and commentary: Nixon & Rodgers 1994, pp. 232–236 Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 363 citing XII Panegyrici Latini 4(10).18. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 328, and fn144 and Runde 1998, pp. 663–664 citing XII Panegyrici Latini 12(9).22.3-6. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1. Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7.
Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 362 citing XII Panegyrici Latini 4(10).17. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 518. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.
Maurice's Strategikon. Handbook Of Byzantine Military Strategy. Translated by Dennis, George T. p. 119.

attalus.org

Runde 1998, p. 658 and Verlinden 1954, p. 4 citing Zosimos, Historia nova I.30.2-3 (written around 500); Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus 33.1-3; Eutropius the historian, Breviarium IX.8.2 (in the 4th century); and Orosius, Historiae VII 22.7 and 41.2 (written around 400). Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Verlinden, Charles (1954), "Frankish Colonization: A New Approach", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 4: 1–17, doi:10.2307/3678849, JSTOR 3678849
Runde 1998, p. 661 and Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 107 citing Eutropius, Breviarium IX 8,2, and Orosius, Historiae, VII.25.3. Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.

books.google.com

Neumann 1981, p. 369. Neumann, Gerhard (1981), "Chamaver §1. Der Name", in Johannes Hoops; Heinrich Beck (eds.), Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, vol. 4 (2 ed.), Walter de Gruyter, ISBN 9783110065138
B. Mees, "The Bergakker inscription and the beginnings of Dutch", in: Amsterdamer beiträge zur älteren Germanistik: Band 56-2002, edited by Erika Langbroek, Annelies Roeleveld, Paula Vermeyden, Arend Quak, Published by Rodopi, 2002, ISBN 978-90-420-1579-1
U. T. Holmes, A. H. Schutz (1938), A History of the French Language, p. 29, Biblo & Tannen Publishers, ISBN 0-8196-0191-8

britannica.com

"Romance languages | Description, Origin, Characteristics, Map, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. 21 July 2023.

crtpesaro.it

Runde 1998, p. 658 and Verlinden 1954, p. 4 citing Zosimos, Historia nova I.30.2-3 (written around 500); Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus 33.1-3; Eutropius the historian, Breviarium IX.8.2 (in the 4th century); and Orosius, Historiae VII 22.7 and 41.2 (written around 400). Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Verlinden, Charles (1954), "Frankish Colonization: A New Approach", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 4: 1–17, doi:10.2307/3678849, JSTOR 3678849
Runde 1998, p. 661 and Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 107 citing Eutropius, Breviarium IX 8,2, and Orosius, Historiae, VII.25.3. Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.

doi.org

Roymans & Heeren 2021. Roymans, Nico; Heeren, Stijn (2021), "Romano-Frankish interaction in the Lower Rhine frontier zone from the late 3rd to the 5th century – Some key archaeological trends explored", Germania, 99: 133–156, doi:10.11588/ger.2021.92212
Baldwin 1978, p. 56. Baldwin, B (1978), "Verses in the "Historia Augusta"", Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, 25 (25): 50–58, doi:10.1111/j.2041-5370.1978.tb00384.x, JSTOR 43645974
Runde 1998, p. 658 and Verlinden 1954, p. 4 citing Zosimos, Historia nova I.30.2-3 (written around 500); Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus 33.1-3; Eutropius the historian, Breviarium IX.8.2 (in the 4th century); and Orosius, Historiae VII 22.7 and 41.2 (written around 400). Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Verlinden, Charles (1954), "Frankish Colonization: A New Approach", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 4: 1–17, doi:10.2307/3678849, JSTOR 3678849
Liccardo 2023, p. 89. Liccardo, Salvatore (2023), Old Names, New Peoples: Listing Ethnonyms in Late Antiquity, Brill, doi:10.1163/9789004686601, ISBN 978-90-04-68660-1
Liccardo 2023, pp. 55–56. Liccardo, Salvatore (2023), Old Names, New Peoples: Listing Ethnonyms in Late Antiquity, Brill, doi:10.1163/9789004686601, ISBN 978-90-04-68660-1
Runde 1998, p. 665, note 46, Heather 2020 Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Heather, Peter J. (2020), "The Gallic Wars of Julian Caesar", A Companion to Julian the Apostate, Brill, doi:10.1163/9789004416314_004

fordham.edu

Gregory of Tours, in his History of the Franks, relates: "Now this people seems to have always been addicted to heathen worship, and they did not know God, but made themselves images of the woods and the waters, of birds and beasts and of the other elements as well. They were wont to worship these as God and to offer sacrifice to them." (Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks, Book I.10 Archived 2014-08-14 at the Wayback Machine)
Gregory of Tours. "Book II, 31". History of the Franks. Archived from the original on 2014-08-14. Retrieved 2007-07-20.

jstor.org

Baldwin 1978, p. 56. Baldwin, B (1978), "Verses in the "Historia Augusta"", Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, 25 (25): 50–58, doi:10.1111/j.2041-5370.1978.tb00384.x, JSTOR 43645974
Runde 1998, p. 658 and Verlinden 1954, p. 4 citing Zosimos, Historia nova I.30.2-3 (written around 500); Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus 33.1-3; Eutropius the historian, Breviarium IX.8.2 (in the 4th century); and Orosius, Historiae VII 22.7 and 41.2 (written around 400). Runde, Ingo (1998). "Die Franken und Alemannen vor 500. Ein chronologischer Überblick". In Geuenich, Dieter (ed.). Die Franken und die Alemannen bis zur "Schlacht bei Zülpich" (496/97). Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. Vol. 19. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-015826-7. Verlinden, Charles (1954), "Frankish Colonization: A New Approach", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 4: 1–17, doi:10.2307/3678849, JSTOR 3678849

lvr.de

rheinische-landeskunde.lvr.de

Rheinischer Fächer – Karte des Landschaftsverband Rheinland "LVR Alltagskultur im Rheinland". Archived from the original on February 15, 2009. Retrieved October 23, 2017.

northvegr.org

The Chronicle of St. Denis, I.18–19, 23 Archived 2009-11-25 at the Wayback Machine

rug.nl

ugp.rug.nl

Lanting & van der Plicht 2010, p. 67 citing XII Panegyrici Latini 8(4).9.3. For a translation and further comments see Nixon & Rodgers 1994, p. 121 Lanting; van der Plicht (2010). "De ¹⁴C-chronologie van de Nederlandse Pre- en Protohistorie. VI: Romeinse tijd en Merovingische periode, deel A: historische bronnen en chronologische schema's". Palaeohistoria. 51–52: 67. ISBN 978-90-77922-73-6. Nixon, C E V; Rodgers, Barbara Saylor (1994). In praise of later Roman emperors: the Panegyrici Latini. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08326-1.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Dörler 2013, pp. 25–32. Dörler, Philipp (2013). "The Liber Historiae Francorum – a Model for a New Frankish Self-confidence". Networks and Neighbours. 1: 23–43. S2CID 161310931.

uchicago.edu

penelope.uchicago.edu

Petrikovits 1981b, p. 392 citing Ammianus Marcellinus 20.20. Petrikovits, Harald (1981b), "Chattwarier § 2. Historisches", in Beck, Heinrich; Geuenich, Dieter; Steuer, Heiko (eds.), Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, vol. 4 (2 ed.), De Gruyter, pp. 392–393, ISBN 978-3-11-006513-8
Historia Augusta, The Lives of Firmus, Saturninus, Proculus and Bonosus [1]
Res Gestae, XVII.8.

web.archive.org

Rheinischer Fächer – Karte des Landschaftsverband Rheinland "LVR Alltagskultur im Rheinland". Archived from the original on February 15, 2009. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
Noske 2007, p. 1. Noske, Roland (2007). "Autonomous typological prosodic evolution versus the Germanic superstrate in diachronic French phonology". In Aboh, Enoch; van der Linden, Elisabeth; Quer, Josep; et al. (eds.). Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory (PDF). Amsterdam; Philadelphia: Benjamins. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
Gregory of Tours, in his History of the Franks, relates: "Now this people seems to have always been addicted to heathen worship, and they did not know God, but made themselves images of the woods and the waters, of birds and beasts and of the other elements as well. They were wont to worship these as God and to offer sacrifice to them." (Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks, Book I.10 Archived 2014-08-14 at the Wayback Machine)
Gregory of Tours. "Book II, 31". History of the Franks. Archived from the original on 2014-08-14. Retrieved 2007-07-20.
The Chronicle of St. Denis, I.18–19, 23 Archived 2009-11-25 at the Wayback Machine

xs4all.nl

rnoske.home.xs4all.nl

Noske 2007, p. 1. Noske, Roland (2007). "Autonomous typological prosodic evolution versus the Germanic superstrate in diachronic French phonology". In Aboh, Enoch; van der Linden, Elisabeth; Quer, Josep; et al. (eds.). Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory (PDF). Amsterdam; Philadelphia: Benjamins. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2011-12-30.