de Leiva-Hidalgo, Alberto, et. al. "From pancreatic extracts to artificial pancreas: History, science and controversies about the discovery of the pancreatic antidiabetic hormone", Avances en Diabetología, January-February 2011, Volume 27, Number 1. Accessed April 7, 2024. "Frederick Madison Allen (1874-1964) was born in Iowa.... Along with Elliot Joslin, he was one of the leading diabetologists. Before insulin, Allen became famous through his diet treatment of diabetes, consisting of a drastic reduction of calories, particularly, carbohydrate intake (as low as 8% of total calories)."
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
Bunn, Austin (March 16, 2003). "The Bittersweet Science". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
