Freemasonry in Cuba (English Wikipedia)

Maseda Gutiérrez, Héctor (2014-06-13). "Nuestros pensadores (X): Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Castillo". Centro de Estudios Convivencia (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-07-02.

cibercuba.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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"Cuban Masonry officially elects a new Grand Master to head the Grand Lodge". CiberCuba. 2024-09-22. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Police arrest former Grand Master of the Lodge of Cuba following fraud accusation". CiberCuba. 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Masons from all over Cuba demand the removal of the Grand Master of the Lodge". CiberCuba. 2025-05-25. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Grand Master Expelled from the Masonic Lodge of Cuba". CiberCuba. 2025-05-25. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Cuban Masons expel Mayker Filema from the Grand Lodge, imposed by the Government: Here's how it happened". CiberCuba. 2025-07-07. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"State Security interrogates José Ramón Viñas Alonso, a critical Mason leader of the regime". CiberCuba. 2025-08-02. Retrieved 2026-06-30.

cibercuba.com

"Se queda en México Gran Maestro de la Logia de Cuba". CiberCuba (in Spanish). 2023-01-03. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

Oppmann, Patrick (2014-04-09). "Cuba: U.S. using new weapon against us: spam". CNN. Retrieved 2026-06-26.

cortland.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

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Zamora Fernández, Ernesto; Pírez Benítez, Carlos A. (July 14, 2021). "Declaration of the Grand Lodge of Cuba of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons" (PDF). State University of New York Cortland.

cubadebate.cu (Global: low place; English: low place)

Torres Cuevas, Eduardo (October 4, 2018). "Logias masónicas del 68". www.cubadebate.cu (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2025-07-25. Retrieved 2026-07-02.

cubaenmiami.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Díaz, Elizabeth (2019-05-20). "Cubano logra sacar de la Isla la bandera que se izó en La Habana el 20 de mayo de 1902, y ahora está en Miami la reliquia histórica". Cuba en Miami (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-07-05.

cubaheadlines.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Cuba to Host International Symposium on Masonry". Cuba Headlines. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
"Former Grand Master of Cuba's Lodge Returns One Million Pesos Amid Fraud Allegations: Millions Still Missing". CubaHeadlines. 2025-08-30. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
Fernandez, Oscar (2026-06-12). "Masonic Supreme Court of Cuba Expels Eight Members for Betrayal and Embezzlement". CubaHeadlines. Retrieved 2026-06-30.

cuballama.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

A, Roberto (2021-08-24). "Masones de Cuba se niegan a oír a Díaz-Canel". Cuballama Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-28.

cubamemorias.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Almar (2024-04-20). "La Masonería Primeras Logias que trabajaron en Cuba" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-07-06.

cubanet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Pardo, Gustavo E. (2011-10-20). "Los masones y La Bayamesa". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-07-02.
Acosta, Camila (2020-01-28). "José Martí y la masonería". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-04-11.
"Denuncian intervención de autoridades estatales en las finanzas del asilo masónico Llansó". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2025-07-10. Retrieved 2026-07-02.
"Cuba News / Noticias - CubaNet News". www.cubanet.org (in Spanish). May 11, 2000. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
Pardo, Gustavo E. (2011-04-01). "Múltiple traición". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-27.
Acosta, Camila (2023-01-05). ""Ni traidor, ni cobarde": Entrevista al ex Gran Maestro de la masonería en Cuba". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-28.
Acosta, Camila (2022-12-07). "Gran Logia de Cuba llama a los masones a "hacer política"". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-28.
Acosta, Camila (2023-01-03). "Gran Maestro de la Masonería en Cuba renuncia por acoso de la Seguridad del Estado". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-28.
"Roban 19 mil dólares en la Gran Logia masónica de Cuba". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2024-01-12. Retrieved 2026-06-28.
"Gran Maestro de la Masonería se pronuncia sobre robo en la Gran Logia de Cuba". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2024-01-14. Retrieved 2026-06-28.
"Supremo Consejo de la Masonería en Cuba expulsa al Gran Maestro por "traición"". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Policía política sigue dividiendo a la masonería tras robo de 19.000 dólares en la Gran Logia". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2024-01-25. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Gran Logia de Cuba "fuera de la ley": emite expulsión de líder masón". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2024-02-25. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Acusan a ex Gran Maestro Mario Urquía por apropiación indebida de más de 2.000 USD". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2024-04-01. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
Acosta, Camila (2024-08-19). "Mario Urquía renuncia como Gran Maestro de la masonería en Cuba". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-29.
Acosta, Camila (2025-10-01). "Las inconsistencias de Mario Urquía, ex Gran Maestro de la Gran Logia de Cuba". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-29.
CDC (2025-05-25). ""Hemos hecho historia": Masones cubanos destituyen a Gran Maestro que usurpaba el cargo". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-29.
""Los masones dignos seguimos de frente": denuncian complicidad con la ilegalidad e injerencia del MINJUS". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2025-06-15. Retrieved 2026-06-30.
CDC (2025-07-05). "Régimen detiene a Gran Maestro y Gran Secretario de la Masonería en Cuba". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-30.
"El ministro de Justicia niega injerencia en la masonería, mientras impone al usurpador Filema". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2025-07-08. Retrieved 2026-06-30.
"Líderes masónicos cubanos se encuentran bajo medidas cautelares impuestas por el régimen". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2025-07-29. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Régimen fabrica delito a líder masón: "tráfico de divisas", por 100 dólares". Cubanet (in Spanish). 2025-07-30. Retrieved 2026-06-29.
"Ex Gran Maestro Mario Urquía devuelve 1 millón de pesos tras denuncia por estafa". Cubanet.org (in Spanish). August 29, 2025.
Acosta, Camila (2025-09-29). "Masones desestiman la destitución del Gran Maestro Mayker Filema Duarte: "Esto se fue abajo"". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-30.
Acosta, Camila (2026-06-12). "Masones cubanos expulsan a ocho miembros por "traición a la Fraternidad"". Cubanet (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-30.

diariodecuba.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Reyes, José Luis (2023-01-10). "El líder de los masones de Cuba se exilia tras denunciar presiones del régimen | DIARIO DE CUBA". diariodecuba.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-27.
DDC (2024-03-01). "La Gran Logia Masónica de Cuba expulsa al líder que denunció un robo de miles de dólares | DIARIO DE CUBA". diariodecuba.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-29.

diariolasamericas.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Masones cubanos: el NO a Díaz-Canel y el riesgo de represalias". diariolasamericas.com (in Spanish). Diario Las Américas. 2021-08-24. Retrieved 2026-06-28.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Garrigus, John (2019-07-03). "A secret brotherhood? The question of black Freemasonry before and after the Haitian Revolution". Atlantic Studies. 16 (3): 321–340. doi:10.1080/14788810.2018.1550616. ISSN 1478-8810.
Jansen, Jan C. (2019-07-03). "Brothers in exile: Masonic lodges and the refugees of the Haitian Revolution, 1790s–1820". Atlantic Studies. 16 (3): 341–363. doi:10.1080/14788810.2018.1549304. ISSN 1478-8810.
de la Cova, Antonio Rafael (1997). "Filibusters and Freemasons: The Sworn Obligation". Journal of the Early Republic. 17 (1): 95–120. doi:10.2307/3124644. ISSN 0275-1275. JSTOR 3124644.
Alonso, Denis Alejandro Matienzo; Cruz, Pedro Álvarez (2024). "Geografía histórica de la masonería en Cuba". Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña (in Spanish). 16 (2): 167–193. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v16i2.54378.
Matienzo Alonso, Denis Alejandro; Alvarez Cruz, Pedro (2024). "Geografía histórica de la masonería en Cuba". REHMLAC: Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña. 16 (2): 167–193. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v16i2.54378. ISSN 2215-6097.
Locci, Emanuela (December 2020). "Las relaciones entre la masonería italiana y la masonería cubana". Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña (in Spanish). 12 (1–2): 102–114. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v12i1-2.39538. ISSN 1659-4223.

elnuevoherald.com (Global: 7,769^th place; English: 9,150^th place)

"Crece militancia de masones en Cuba - Primera Plana - ElNuevoHerald.com". www.elnuevoherald.com. Archived from the original on 2010-05-27. Retrieved 2026-06-26.

espaciolatino.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

letras-uruguay.espaciolatino.com

Couceiro Rodríguez, Avelino Víctor (March 2012). "That Cuban Flag… The Original". Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Vexillology. ICV 24. Washington, D. C.: North American Vexillological Association – via The Washington Flag Congress.

exutopia.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Fidel Castro & the Curious Case of Freemasonry in Cuba". Ex Utopia. 2016-12-19. Retrieved 2025-04-09.

freemasonry.network (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Cerneau Rite". FREEMASONRY.network. 2018-09-12. Retrieved 2025-04-14.

freemasonsfordummies.blogspot.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hodapp, Christopher (2010-05-29). "Freemasons For Dummies: Masonic Conflicts in Cuba". Freemasons For Dummies. Retrieved 2025-04-10.
Hodapp, Christopher (2016-12-11). "Freemasons For Dummies: GL of Florida Restores Relations With GL of Cuba: GM Visits". Freemasons For Dummies. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
Hodapp, Christopher (2021-07-16). "Freemasons For Dummies: Grand Lodge of Cuba Issues Statement on Protests". Freemasons For Dummies. Retrieved 2026-06-28.
Hodapp, Christopher (2023-01-05). "Freemasons For Dummies: Confirmed: Grand Master of Cuba Defects to the U.S." Freemasons For Dummies. Retrieved 2026-06-28.

globalsecurity.org (Global: 540^th place; English: 541^st place)

"Cuba". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2026-06-24.

granlogiacuba.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Aniversario 160 - Gran Logia de Cuba de A.L. y A.M." Gran Logia de Cuba de A.L. y A.M. (in European Spanish). Archived from the original on 2019-08-31. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
"Masonería y Revolución | Gran Logia de Cuba de A.L. y A.M." www.granlogiacuba.org (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2015-10-14. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

hal.science (Global: 2,005^th place; English: 1,689^th place)

shs.hal.science

Gutiérrez Forte, Javiher; Iglesias Cruz, Janet (September 2010). Rey Tristán, Eduardo; Calvo González, Patricia (eds.). "La masonería en los albores de la República Las Elecciones de 1908: Los Masones y sus logias en la política de los primeros años de la República Cubana". 200 años de Iberoamérica (1810-2010). Cursos e Congresos; 196 (in Spanish). Santiago de Compostela, Spain: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios Americanistas Gumersindo Busto ; Consejo Español de Estudios Iberoamericanos: 225–235.

havanatimes.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Robinson, Circles (2010-04-06). "Women Freemasons in Cuba". Havana Times. Retrieved 2025-04-12.
Glaria, Ariel (2014-10-26). "Freemasonry: Mother of the Cuban Nation". Havana Times. Retrieved 2025-04-10.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

de la Cova, Antonio Rafael (1997). "Filibusters and Freemasons: The Sworn Obligation". Journal of the Early Republic. 17 (1): 95–120. doi:10.2307/3124644. ISSN 0275-1275. JSTOR 3124644.

lahabana.gob.cu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"EDIFICIO MASÓNICO DE CUBA". lahabana.gob.cu (in Spanish). Portal del ciudadano de La Habana (GOVERNMENT OF CUBA). October 6, 2020. Retrieved 2026-06-30.

latinamericanstudies.org (Global: 7,966^th place; English: 6,553^rd place)

Murphy, Warren H. (1974). "A HISTORY OF FREEMASONRY IN CUBA" (PDF). Masonic Papers. 4. Seattle: Walter F. Meier Lodge of Research, No. 281: 69–78 – via Latin American Studies.
Denslow, Ray Vaughn (1953). "FREEMASONRY ON THE ISLAND OF CUBA". Freemasonry in the Western Hemisphere (PDF). Cornell University. Grand Lodge, Masons of Missouri. pp. 317–337.
Atkinson, Eugene E. (January 29, 1962). "MISCELLANEA: History of the Cuban Flag" (PDF). Transactions. VIII, No. 3. The American Lodge of Research: 449–452 – via Latin American Studies.
"BOLETIN INFORMATIVO" (PDF). III Conferencia Inter-Americana de la Masoneria Simbolica (in Spanish) (1). Gran Logia de Cuba de A.L. y A.M.: 1–52 January 26, 1955 – via latinamericanstudies.
"Freemasonry in the West Indies: Cuba". Gould's History of Freemasonry Throughout the World (PDF). Vol. IV. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1936. pp. 126–130.

linfordresearch.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

Nairn, Robert J. (2012). "FREEMASONRY IN SPAIN AND PORTUGAL" (PDF). Lindford Research Lodge. pp. 2, 6.

masoneriacubana.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Todos los articulos". www.masoneriacubana.com. Archived from the original on 2007-07-01. Retrieved 2026-07-08.

masonerialibertaria.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"̈Información Especial del Patronato del Asilo Masónico". masonerialibertaria (in European Spanish). 2024-01-12. Archived from the original on 2024-02-29. Retrieved 2026-06-28.

myfreemasonry.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Cuban Freemasons Oust Grand Master in Called Session". My Freemasonry | Freemason Information and Discussion Forum. 2025-05-30. Retrieved 2026-06-29.

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Ayala • •, Raul R. (2026-05-20). "What happened in Cuba on May 20 and why it's censored by the island's government". NBC 6 South Florida. Retrieved 2026-06-26.

newsweek.com (Global: 371^st place; English: 235^th place)

Stein, Jeff (2014-04-07). "Bay of Piglets: How the Freemasons Got Caught in a Plot to Topple the Castros". Newsweek. Retrieved 2026-06-26.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Gonzalez, David (2002-04-30). "Havana Journal; Masonic Rites, No Less. In Castro's Bailiwick!". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
Londoño, Ernesto (2014-11-03). "Opinion | Alan Gross and the Cuban Five: A Timeline". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

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cgsc.contentdm.oclc.org

"British Assault on Havana, Roster, Digitized". Ike Skelton Combined Arms Research Library. Royal Marines and British Army. 9 June 1762. Archived from the original on 18 June 2026 – via U.S. Army Command and General Staff College and Archive.org.

oncubanews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Guilarte, Igor (2026-02-07). "El crimen de San Juan de Wilson". OnCubaNews (in Spanish). Retrieved 2026-06-25.

pagrandlodge.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Deputy Grand Master Visits Grand Lodge of Cuba" (PDF). The Freemason. II (2): 2. May 1955 – via GRAND LODGE OF FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS OF PENNSYLVANIA.

palabradeclio.com.mx (Global: low place; English: low place)

Soucy, Dominique (2017). "LA MASONERÍA CUBANA ANTE LA INICIACIÓN FEMENINA: ENTRE TRADICIONALISMO Y REFORMISMO (1874-1881)". In Chong, José Luis; Martínez Esquivel, Ricardo; Pozuelo Andrés, Yván; Aragón, Rogelio (eds.). 300 años: Masonerías y Masones (1717-2017) (PDF) (in Spanish). Ciudad de México: Palabra de Clío, Universidad del Franco-Condado. pp. 72–83.

periodicocubano.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Convocan a un paro nacional en Cuba para el 13 de agosto". Periódico Cubano (in Spanish). 2021-08-10. Retrieved 2026-06-28.

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Alonso, Denis Alejandro Matienzo; Cruz, Pedro Álvarez (2024). "Geografía histórica de la masonería en Cuba". Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña (in Spanish). 16 (2): 167–193. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v16i2.54378.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

Cuevas, Eduardo Torres (April 2012). "Masonerías en Cuba durante el siglo XIX". ResearchGate. Revista de Estudios Historicos de la Masoneria. University of Costa Rica: 67–100.

scielo.sa.cr (Global: low place; English: low place)

Locci, Emanuela (December 2020). "Las relaciones entre la masonería italiana y la masonería cubana". Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña (in Spanish). 12 (1–2): 102–114. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v12i1-2.39538. ISSN 1659-4223.

scottishrite.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What is Cerneauism? | Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, S.J., U.S.A." Retrieved 2025-04-14.

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Newell, Aimee E. (May 2010). Foulds, Alan E. (ed.). "Joseph Cerneau's Supreme Council: MISUNDERSTANDING OR MALICE?" (PDF). The Northern Light. Vol. 41, no. 2. Lexington, MA: Scottish Rite. pp. 4–7.

srmml.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Shepherd, Sarah H. (October 8, 2024). "A Helping Hand: The Grand Lodge of Cuba in Exile". Scottish Rite Masonic Museum & Library. Lexington, Massachusetts. Retrieved 2026-06-26.

tandfonline.com (Global: 286^th place; English: 209^th place)

Garrigus, John (2019-07-03). "A secret brotherhood? The question of black Freemasonry before and after the Haitian Revolution". Atlantic Studies. 16 (3): 321–340. doi:10.1080/14788810.2018.1550616. ISSN 1478-8810.
Jansen, Jan C. (2019-07-03). "Brothers in exile: Masonic lodges and the refugees of the Haitian Revolution, 1790s–1820". Atlantic Studies. 16 (3): 341–363. doi:10.1080/14788810.2018.1549304. ISSN 1478-8810.

thecollector.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Jelks, Stephanie (2022-11-28). "10 Crazy Facts about the Spanish Inquisition". TheCollector. Retrieved 2026-06-18.

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trabajadores.cu (Global: low place; English: low place)

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Teniente Rey (1921). ASILO NACIONAL MASÓNICO, "LA MISERICORDIA": MEMORIA DEL MOVIMIENTO OCURRIDO DURANTE LOS AÑOS TRANSCURRIDOS DESDE JULIO DE 1917 A 30 DE JUNIO DE 1920 (PDF) (in Spanish). Havana: El Siglo XX. pp. 1–86.

unirioja.es (Global: 990^th place; English: 2,293^rd place)

dialnet.unirioja.es

Matienzo Alonso, Denis Alejandro; Alvarez Cruz, Pedro (2024). "Geografía histórica de la masonería en Cuba". REHMLAC: Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña. 16 (2): 167–193. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v16i2.54378. ISSN 2215-6097.

uscirf.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

"CUBA" (PDF). www.uscirf.gov. US Commission on International Religious Freedom. 2023.

washingtonspectator.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Bungling Agent Alan Gross Becomes Change Agent in Cuba". Washington Spectator. 2015-02-02. Retrieved 2026-06-26.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Aniversario 160 - Gran Logia de Cuba de A.L. y A.M." Gran Logia de Cuba de A.L. y A.M. (in European Spanish). Archived from the original on 2019-08-31. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
Torres Cuevas, Eduardo (October 4, 2018). "Logias masónicas del 68". www.cubadebate.cu (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2025-07-25. Retrieved 2026-07-02.
"British Assault on Havana, Roster, Digitized". Ike Skelton Combined Arms Research Library. Royal Marines and British Army. 9 June 1762. Archived from the original on 18 June 2026 – via U.S. Army Command and General Staff College and Archive.org.
"Todos los articulos". www.masoneriacubana.com. Archived from the original on 2007-07-01. Retrieved 2026-07-08.
"Crece militancia de masones en Cuba - Primera Plana - ElNuevoHerald.com". www.elnuevoherald.com. Archived from the original on 2010-05-27. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
"Masonería y Revolución | Gran Logia de Cuba de A.L. y A.M." www.granlogiacuba.org (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2015-10-14. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
"̈Información Especial del Patronato del Asilo Masónico". masonerialibertaria (in European Spanish). 2024-01-12. Archived from the original on 2024-02-29. Retrieved 2026-06-28.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Garrigus, John (2019-07-03). "A secret brotherhood? The question of black Freemasonry before and after the Haitian Revolution". Atlantic Studies. 16 (3): 321–340. doi:10.1080/14788810.2018.1550616. ISSN 1478-8810.
Jansen, Jan C. (2019-07-03). "Brothers in exile: Masonic lodges and the refugees of the Haitian Revolution, 1790s–1820". Atlantic Studies. 16 (3): 341–363. doi:10.1080/14788810.2018.1549304. ISSN 1478-8810.
de la Cova, Antonio Rafael (1997). "Filibusters and Freemasons: The Sworn Obligation". Journal of the Early Republic. 17 (1): 95–120. doi:10.2307/3124644. ISSN 0275-1275. JSTOR 3124644.
Matienzo Alonso, Denis Alejandro; Alvarez Cruz, Pedro (2024). "Geografía histórica de la masonería en Cuba". REHMLAC: Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña. 16 (2): 167–193. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v16i2.54378. ISSN 2215-6097.
Gonzalez, David (2002-04-30). "Havana Journal; Masonic Rites, No Less. In Castro's Bailiwick!". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-06-26.
Locci, Emanuela (December 2020). "Las relaciones entre la masonería italiana y la masonería cubana". Revista de Estudios Históricos de la Masonería Latinoamericana y Caribeña (in Spanish). 12 (1–2): 102–114. doi:10.15517/rehmlac.v12i1-2.39538. ISSN 1659-4223.
Londoño, Ernesto (2014-11-03). "Opinion | Alan Gross and the Cuban Five: A Timeline". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

Freemasonry in Cuba (English Wikipedia)

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cibercuba.com

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cubadebate.cu (Global: low place; English: low place)

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cubaheadlines.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cuballama.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cubamemorias.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cubanet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

diariodecuba.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

diariolasamericas.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

elnuevoherald.com (Global: 7,769th place; English: 9,150th place)

espaciolatino.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

letras-uruguay.espaciolatino.com

exutopia.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

freemasonry.network (Global: low place; English: low place)

freemasonsfordummies.blogspot.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

globalsecurity.org (Global: 540th place; English: 541st place)

granlogiacuba.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

hal.science (Global: 2,005th place; English: 1,689th place)

shs.hal.science

havanatimes.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

lahabana.gob.cu (Global: low place; English: low place)

latinamericanstudies.org (Global: 7,966th place; English: 6,553rd place)

linfordresearch.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

masoneriacubana.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

masonerialibertaria.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

myfreemasonry.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

nbcmiami.com (Global: 8,218th place; English: 4,600th place)

newsweek.com (Global: 371st place; English: 235th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

oclc.org (Global: 1,193rd place; English: 943rd place)

cgsc.contentdm.oclc.org

oncubanews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

pagrandlodge.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

palabradeclio.com.mx (Global: low place; English: low place)

periodicocubano.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

redalyc.org (Global: 2,409th place; English: 3,440th place)

researchgate.net (Global: 96th place; English: 89th place)

scielo.sa.cr (Global: low place; English: low place)

scottishrite.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

scottishritenmj.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

assets.scottishritenmj.org

srmml.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

tandfonline.com (Global: 286th place; English: 209th place)

thecollector.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

thesquaremagazine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

trabajadores.cu (Global: low place; English: low place)

ufl.edu (Global: 880th place; English: 578th place)

ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu

unirioja.es (Global: 990th place; English: 2,293rd place)

dialnet.unirioja.es

uscirf.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

washingtonspectator.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

elnuevoherald.com (Global: 7,769^th place; English: 9,150^th place)

globalsecurity.org (Global: 540^th place; English: 541^st place)

hal.science (Global: 2,005^th place; English: 1,689^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

latinamericanstudies.org (Global: 7,966^th place; English: 6,553^rd place)

nbcmiami.com (Global: 8,218^th place; English: 4,600^th place)

newsweek.com (Global: 371^st place; English: 235^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

oclc.org (Global: 1,193^rd place; English: 943^rd place)

redalyc.org (Global: 2,409^th place; English: 3,440^th place)

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

tandfonline.com (Global: 286^th place; English: 209^th place)

ufl.edu (Global: 880^th place; English: 578^th place)

unirioja.es (Global: 990^th place; English: 2,293^rd place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)