Friedmann equations (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Friedmann equations" in English language version.

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Belenkiy, Ari (2012-10-01). "Alexander Friedmann and the origins of modern cosmology". Physics Today. 65 (10): 38–43. Bibcode:2012PhT....65j..38B. doi:10.1063/PT.3.1750. ISSN 0031-9228.

arxiv.org

Scolnic, Daniel; Riess, Adam G.; Murakami, Yukei S.; Peterson, Erik R.; Brout, Dillon; Acevedo, Maria; Carreres, Bastien; Jones, David O.; Said, Khaled; Howlett, Cullan; Anand, Gagandeep S. (2025-01-15). "The Hubble Tension in Our Own Backyard: DESI and the Nearness of the Coma Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 979 (1): L9. arXiv:2409.14546. Bibcode:2025ApJ...979L...9S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ada0bd. ISSN 2041-8205.
Nemiroff, Robert J.; Patla, Bijunath (2008). "Adventures in Friedmann cosmology: A detailed expansion of the cosmological Friedmann equations". American Journal of Physics. 76 (3): 265–276. arXiv:astro-ph/0703739. Bibcode:2008AmJPh..76..265N. doi:10.1119/1.2830536. S2CID 51782808.
Rosu, H. C.; Ojeda-May, P. (June 2006). "Supersymmetry of FRW Barotropic Cosmologies". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 45 (6): 1152–1157. arXiv:gr-qc/0510004. Bibcode:2006IJTP...45.1152R. doi:10.1007/s10773-006-9123-2. ISSN 0020-7748. S2CID 119496918.

bbc.com

Murphy, Matt (November 28, 2022). "China's protests: Blank paper becomes the symbol of rare demonstrations". BBC News.

books.google.com

Bergström, Lars; Goobar, Ariel (2008). Cosmology and particle astrophysics. Springer Praxis books in astronomy and planetary science (2. ed., reprinted ed.). Chichester, UK: Praxis Publ. p. 61. ISBN 978-3-540-32924-4.

cambridge.org

Peacock, J. A. (1998-12-28). Cosmological Physics (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511804533. ISBN 978-0-521-41072-4.
Tropp, Eduard A.; Frenkel, Viktor Ya.; Chernin, Artur D. (1993-06-03). Alexander A Friedmann: The Man who Made the Universe Expand. Translated by Dron, Alexander; Burov, Michael (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511608131. ISBN 978-0-521-38470-4.

doi.org

Friedman, A (1922). "Über die Krümmung des Raumes". Z. Phys. (in German). 10 (1): 377–386. Bibcode:1922ZPhy...10..377F. doi:10.1007/BF01332580. S2CID 125190902. (English translation: Friedman, A (1999). "On the Curvature of Space". General Relativity and Gravitation. 31 (12): 1991–2000. Bibcode:1999GReGr..31.1991F. doi:10.1023/A:1026751225741. S2CID 122950995.). The original Russian manuscript of this paper is preserved in the Ehrenfest archive.
Friedmann, A (1924). "Über die Möglichkeit einer Welt mit konstanter negativer Krümmung des Raumes". Z. Phys. (in German). 21 (1): 326–332. Bibcode:1924ZPhy...21..326F. doi:10.1007/BF01328280. S2CID 120551579. (English translation: Friedmann, A (1999). "On the Possibility of a World with Constant Negative Curvature of Space". General Relativity and Gravitation. 31 (12): 2001–2008. Bibcode:1999GReGr..31.2001F. doi:10.1023/A:1026755309811. S2CID 123512351.)
Navas, S.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2024). "Review of Particle Physics". Physical Review D. 110 (3): 1–708. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.110.030001. hdl:20.500.11850/695340. 22.1.3 The Friedmann equations of motion
Peacock, J. A. (1998-12-28). Cosmological Physics (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511804533. ISBN 978-0-521-41072-4.
Scolnic, Daniel; Riess, Adam G.; Murakami, Yukei S.; Peterson, Erik R.; Brout, Dillon; Acevedo, Maria; Carreres, Bastien; Jones, David O.; Said, Khaled; Howlett, Cullan; Anand, Gagandeep S. (2025-01-15). "The Hubble Tension in Our Own Backyard: DESI and the Nearness of the Coma Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 979 (1): L9. arXiv:2409.14546. Bibcode:2025ApJ...979L...9S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ada0bd. ISSN 2041-8205.
Nemiroff, Robert J.; Patla, Bijunath (2008). "Adventures in Friedmann cosmology: A detailed expansion of the cosmological Friedmann equations". American Journal of Physics. 76 (3): 265–276. arXiv:astro-ph/0703739. Bibcode:2008AmJPh..76..265N. doi:10.1119/1.2830536. S2CID 51782808.
Rosu, H. C.; Ojeda-May, P. (June 2006). "Supersymmetry of FRW Barotropic Cosmologies". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 45 (6): 1152–1157. arXiv:gr-qc/0510004. Bibcode:2006IJTP...45.1152R. doi:10.1007/s10773-006-9123-2. ISSN 0020-7748. S2CID 119496918.
McCrea, W. H.; Milne, E. A. (1934). "Newtonian universes and the curvature of space". Quarterly Journal of Mathematics. 5: 73–80. Bibcode:1934QJMat...5...73M. doi:10.1093/qmath/os-5.1.73.
Tropp, Eduard A.; Frenkel, Viktor Ya.; Chernin, Artur D. (1993-06-03). Alexander A Friedmann: The Man who Made the Universe Expand. Translated by Dron, Alexander; Burov, Michael (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511608131. ISBN 978-0-521-38470-4.
Belenkiy, Ari (2012-10-01). "Alexander Friedmann and the origins of modern cosmology". Physics Today. 65 (10): 38–43. Bibcode:2012PhT....65j..38B. doi:10.1063/PT.3.1750. ISSN 0031-9228.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Navas, S.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2024). "Review of Particle Physics". Physical Review D. 110 (3): 1–708. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.110.030001. hdl:20.500.11850/695340. 22.1.3 The Friedmann equations of motion

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Friedman, A (1922). "Über die Krümmung des Raumes". Z. Phys. (in German). 10 (1): 377–386. Bibcode:1922ZPhy...10..377F. doi:10.1007/BF01332580. S2CID 125190902. (English translation: Friedman, A (1999). "On the Curvature of Space". General Relativity and Gravitation. 31 (12): 1991–2000. Bibcode:1999GReGr..31.1991F. doi:10.1023/A:1026751225741. S2CID 122950995.). The original Russian manuscript of this paper is preserved in the Ehrenfest archive.
Friedmann, A (1924). "Über die Möglichkeit einer Welt mit konstanter negativer Krümmung des Raumes". Z. Phys. (in German). 21 (1): 326–332. Bibcode:1924ZPhy...21..326F. doi:10.1007/BF01328280. S2CID 120551579. (English translation: Friedmann, A (1999). "On the Possibility of a World with Constant Negative Curvature of Space". General Relativity and Gravitation. 31 (12): 2001–2008. Bibcode:1999GReGr..31.2001F. doi:10.1023/A:1026755309811. S2CID 123512351.)
Scolnic, Daniel; Riess, Adam G.; Murakami, Yukei S.; Peterson, Erik R.; Brout, Dillon; Acevedo, Maria; Carreres, Bastien; Jones, David O.; Said, Khaled; Howlett, Cullan; Anand, Gagandeep S. (2025-01-15). "The Hubble Tension in Our Own Backyard: DESI and the Nearness of the Coma Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 979 (1): L9. arXiv:2409.14546. Bibcode:2025ApJ...979L...9S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ada0bd. ISSN 2041-8205.
Nemiroff, Robert J.; Patla, Bijunath (2008). "Adventures in Friedmann cosmology: A detailed expansion of the cosmological Friedmann equations". American Journal of Physics. 76 (3): 265–276. arXiv:astro-ph/0703739. Bibcode:2008AmJPh..76..265N. doi:10.1119/1.2830536. S2CID 51782808.
Rosu, H. C.; Ojeda-May, P. (June 2006). "Supersymmetry of FRW Barotropic Cosmologies". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 45 (6): 1152–1157. arXiv:gr-qc/0510004. Bibcode:2006IJTP...45.1152R. doi:10.1007/s10773-006-9123-2. ISSN 0020-7748. S2CID 119496918.
McCrea, W. H.; Milne, E. A. (1934). "Newtonian universes and the curvature of space". Quarterly Journal of Mathematics. 5: 73–80. Bibcode:1934QJMat...5...73M. doi:10.1093/qmath/os-5.1.73.
Belenkiy, Ari (2012-10-01). "Alexander Friedmann and the origins of modern cosmology". Physics Today. 65 (10): 38–43. Bibcode:2012PhT....65j..38B. doi:10.1063/PT.3.1750. ISSN 0031-9228.

ilorentz.org

Friedman, A (1922). "Über die Krümmung des Raumes". Z. Phys. (in German). 10 (1): 377–386. Bibcode:1922ZPhy...10..377F. doi:10.1007/BF01332580. S2CID 125190902. (English translation: Friedman, A (1999). "On the Curvature of Space". General Relativity and Gravitation. 31 (12): 1991–2000. Bibcode:1999GReGr..31.1991F. doi:10.1023/A:1026751225741. S2CID 122950995.). The original Russian manuscript of this paper is preserved in the Ehrenfest archive.

nasa.gov

map.gsfc.nasa.gov

"Universe 101". NASA. Retrieved September 9, 2015. The actual density of atoms is equivalent to roughly 1 proton per 4 cubic meters.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Friedman, A (1922). "Über die Krümmung des Raumes". Z. Phys. (in German). 10 (1): 377–386. Bibcode:1922ZPhy...10..377F. doi:10.1007/BF01332580. S2CID 125190902. (English translation: Friedman, A (1999). "On the Curvature of Space". General Relativity and Gravitation. 31 (12): 1991–2000. Bibcode:1999GReGr..31.1991F. doi:10.1023/A:1026751225741. S2CID 122950995.). The original Russian manuscript of this paper is preserved in the Ehrenfest archive.
Friedmann, A (1924). "Über die Möglichkeit einer Welt mit konstanter negativer Krümmung des Raumes". Z. Phys. (in German). 21 (1): 326–332. Bibcode:1924ZPhy...21..326F. doi:10.1007/BF01328280. S2CID 120551579. (English translation: Friedmann, A (1999). "On the Possibility of a World with Constant Negative Curvature of Space". General Relativity and Gravitation. 31 (12): 2001–2008. Bibcode:1999GReGr..31.2001F. doi:10.1023/A:1026755309811. S2CID 123512351.)
Nemiroff, Robert J.; Patla, Bijunath (2008). "Adventures in Friedmann cosmology: A detailed expansion of the cosmological Friedmann equations". American Journal of Physics. 76 (3): 265–276. arXiv:astro-ph/0703739. Bibcode:2008AmJPh..76..265N. doi:10.1119/1.2830536. S2CID 51782808.
Rosu, H. C.; Ojeda-May, P. (June 2006). "Supersymmetry of FRW Barotropic Cosmologies". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 45 (6): 1152–1157. arXiv:gr-qc/0510004. Bibcode:2006IJTP...45.1152R. doi:10.1007/s10773-006-9123-2. ISSN 0020-7748. S2CID 119496918.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Scolnic, Daniel; Riess, Adam G.; Murakami, Yukei S.; Peterson, Erik R.; Brout, Dillon; Acevedo, Maria; Carreres, Bastien; Jones, David O.; Said, Khaled; Howlett, Cullan; Anand, Gagandeep S. (2025-01-15). "The Hubble Tension in Our Own Backyard: DESI and the Nearness of the Coma Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 979 (1): L9. arXiv:2409.14546. Bibcode:2025ApJ...979L...9S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ada0bd. ISSN 2041-8205.
Rosu, H. C.; Ojeda-May, P. (June 2006). "Supersymmetry of FRW Barotropic Cosmologies". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 45 (6): 1152–1157. arXiv:gr-qc/0510004. Bibcode:2006IJTP...45.1152R. doi:10.1007/s10773-006-9123-2. ISSN 0020-7748. S2CID 119496918.
Belenkiy, Ari (2012-10-01). "Alexander Friedmann and the origins of modern cosmology". Physics Today. 65 (10): 38–43. Bibcode:2012PhT....65j..38B. doi:10.1063/PT.3.1750. ISSN 0031-9228.