Gallstone (English Wikipedia)

Office of the Commissioner. "Safety Information—Xenical (orlistat) capsules". www.fda.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-06-11. Retrieved 2016-06-18.

gla.ac.uk (Global: 2,504^th place; English: 1,408^th place)

eprints.gla.ac.uk

Preiss D, Tikkanen MJ, Welsh P, Ford I, Lovato LC, Elam MB, et al. (August 2012). "Lipid-modifying therapies and risk of pancreatitis: a meta-analysis" (PDF). JAMA. 308 (8): 804–11. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8439. PMID 22910758.

hopkinsmedicine.org (Global: 6,205^th place; English: 4,169^th place)

"Gallstone Disease Treatment". Johns Hopkins Medicine. Retrieved 2021-09-25.

jacn.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Ortega RM, Fernández-Azuela M, Encinas-Sotillos A, Andrés P, López-Sobaler AM (February 1997). "Differences in diet and food habits between patients with gallstones and controls". Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 16 (1): 88–95. doi:10.1080/07315724.1997.10718655. PMID 9013440. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

medscape.com (Global: 1,078^th place; English: 916^th place)

emedicine.medscape.com

Jensen (2010). "Postcholecystectomy syndrome". Omaha, Nebraska: Medscape (WebMD). Archived from the original on 2010-12-23. Retrieved 2011-01-20.

merck.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Thunell S (2008). "Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders: Cutaneous Porphyrias". Whitehouse Station, New Jersey: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation. Archived from the original on 2020-03-12. Retrieved 2010-11-07.

nap.edu (Global: 2,540^th place; English: 1,815^th place)

Institute of Medicine, Food Nutrition Board, Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Panel on Dietary Reference Intakes for Electrolytes and Water (2005). 4 Water | Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. The National Academies Press. p. 124. doi:10.17226/10925. ISBN 978-0-309-09169-5.

nhs.uk (Global: 2,637^th place; English: 2,254^th place)

"Complications". nhs.uk. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
NHS Choices. "Should you lose weight fast? – Live Well—NHS Choices". www.nhs.uk. Archived from the original on 2016-02-16. Retrieved 2016-02-16.
National Health Service (2010). "Gallstones — Treatment". NHS Choices: Health A-Z—Conditions and treatments. London: National Health Service. Archived from the original on 2010-11-14. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lee JY, Keane MG, Pereira S (June 2015). "Diagnosis and treatment of gallstone disease". The Practitioner. 259 (1783): 15–9, 2. PMID 26455113.
Ansaloni L, Pisano M, Coccolini F, Peitzmann AB, Fingerhut A, Catena F, et al. (2016). "2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis". World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 11: 25. doi:10.1186/s13017-016-0082-5. PMC 4908702. PMID 27307785.
Gallstone Disease: Diagnosis and Management of Cholelithiasis, Cholecystitis and Choledocholithiasis. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Guidelines. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). October 2014. p. 101. PMID 25473723.
Vos T, Barber RM, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I, et al. (August 2015). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 386 (9995): 743–800. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4. PMC 4561509. PMID 26063472.
"Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–71. January 2015. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
Gurusamy KS, Davidson C, Gluud C, Davidson BR (2013-06-30). Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group (ed.). "Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for people with acute cholecystitis". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (6) CD005440. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005440.pub3. PMID 23813477.
Jones MW, Weir CB, Ghassemzadeh S (2025), "Gallstones (Cholelithiasis)", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 29083691, retrieved 2025-04-24
Fujita N, Yasuda I, Endo I, Isayama H, Iwashita T, Ueki T, et al. (September 2023). "Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis 2021". Journal of Gastroenterology. 58 (9): 801–833. doi:10.1007/s00535-023-02014-6. ISSN 0944-1174. PMC 10423145. PMID 37452855.
Koppisetti S, Jenigiri B, Terron MP, Tengattini S, Tamura H, Flores LJ, et al. (October 2008). "Reactive oxygen species and the hypomotility of the gall bladder as targets for the treatment of gallstones with melatonin: a review". Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 53 (10): 2592–603. doi:10.1007/s10620-007-0195-5. PMID 18338264. S2CID 22785223.
del Giudice EM, Perrotta S, Nobili B, Specchia C, d'Urzo G, Iolascon A (October 1999). "Coinheritance of Gilbert Syndrome Increases the Risk for Developing Gallstones in Patients With Hereditary Spherocytosis" (PDF). Blood. 94 (7): 2259–2262. doi:10.1182/blood.V94.7.2259.419k42_2259_2262. PMID 10498597. S2CID 40558696.
Ortega RM, Fernández-Azuela M, Encinas-Sotillos A, Andrés P, López-Sobaler AM (February 1997). "Differences in diet and food habits between patients with gallstones and controls". Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 16 (1): 88–95. doi:10.1080/07315724.1997.10718655. PMID 9013440. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. Retrieved 2010-11-06.
Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL (June 2005). "Dietary carbohydrates and glycaemic load and the incidence of symptomatic gall stone disease in men". Gut. 54 (6): 823–8. doi:10.1136/gut.2003.031435. PMC 1774557. PMID 15888792.
Misciagna G, Leoci C, Guerra V, Chiloiro M, Elba S, Petruzzi J, et al. (June 1996). "Epidemiology of cholelithiasis in southern Italy. Part II: Risk factors". European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 8 (6): 585–93. doi:10.1097/00042737-199606000-00017. PMID 8823575. S2CID 11355563.
Wang HH, Liu M, Li X, Portincasa P, Wang DQ (April 2017). "Impaired intestinal cholecystokinin secretion, a fascinating but overlooked link between coeliac disease and cholesterol gallstone disease". European Journal of Clinical Investigation (Review). 47 (4): 328–333. doi:10.1111/eci.12734. PMC 8135131. PMID 28186337.
Trotman BW, Bernstein SE, Bove KE, Wirt GD (June 1980). "Studies on the pathogenesis of pigment gallstones in hemolytic anemia: description and characteristics of a mouse model". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 65 (6): 1301–8. doi:10.1172/JCI109793. PMC 371467. PMID 7410545.
Cahan MA, Balduf L, Colton K, Palacioz B, McCartney W, Farrell TM (September 2006). "Proton pump inhibitors reduce gallbladder function". Surgical Endoscopy. 20 (9): 1364–7. doi:10.1007/s00464-005-0247-x. PMID 16858534. S2CID 20833380.
Kan HP, Guo WB, Tan YF, Zhou J, Liu CD, Huang YQ (September 2015). "Statin use and risk of gallstone disease: A meta-analysis". Hepatology Research. 45 (9): 942–948. doi:10.1111/hepr.12433. PMID 25297889. S2CID 25636425.
Preiss D, Tikkanen MJ, Welsh P, Ford I, Lovato LC, Elam MB, et al. (August 2012). "Lipid-modifying therapies and risk of pancreatitis: a meta-analysis" (PDF). JAMA. 308 (8): 804–11. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8439. PMID 22910758.
Kim IS, Myung SJ, Lee SS, Lee SK, Kim MH (August 2003). "Classification and nomenclature of gallstones revisited". Yonsei Medical Journal. 44 (4): 561–70. doi:10.3349/ymj.2003.44.4.561. PMID 12950109.
Fitzgerald EJ, Toi A (July 1987). "Pitfalls in the ultrasonographic diagnosis of gallbladder diseases". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 63 (741): 525–32. doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.741.525. PMC 2428351. PMID 3309915.
Stokes CS, Gluud LL, Casper M, Lammert F (July 2014). "Ursodeoxycholic acid and diets higher in fat prevent gallbladder stones during weight loss: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 12 (7): 1090–1100.e2, quiz e61. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.11.031. PMID 24321208.
Paumgartner G, Sauter GH (May 2005). "Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of gallstones: 20th anniversary of the first treatment". European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 17 (5): 525–527. doi:10.1097/00042737-200505000-00009. PMID 15827443.
Zackria R, Lopez RA (January 2019). "Postcholecystectomy Syndrome". StatPearls. PMID 30969724.
van Dijk AH, Wennmacker SZ, de Reuver PR, Latenstein CS, Buyne O, Donkervoort SC, et al. (June 2019). "Restrictive strategy versus usual care for cholecystectomy in patients with gallstones and abdominal pain (SECURE): a multicentre, randomised, parallel-arm, non-inferiority trial". The Lancet. 393 (10188): 2322–2330. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30941-9. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 31036336.
Gui GP, Cheruvu CV, West N, Sivaniah K, Fiennes AG (January 1998). "Is cholecystectomy effective treatment for symptomatic gallstones? Clinical outcome after long-term follow-up". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 80 (1): 25–32. ISSN 0035-8843. PMC 2502763. PMID 9579123.
Sathesh-Kumar T, Saklani AP, Vinayagam R, Blackett RL (17 February 2004). "Spilled gall stones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a review of the literature". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 80 (940): 77–79. doi:10.1136/pmj.2003.006023. PMC 1742934. PMID 14970293.
Keus F, de Jong J, Gooszen HG, Laarhoven CJ (2006-10-18). Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group (ed.). "Laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4) CD006231. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006231. PMID 17054285.
Farrugia A, Attard JA, Khan S, Williams N, Arasaradnam R (2022-02-01). "Postcholecystectomy diarrhoea rate and predictive factors: a systematic review of the literature". BMJ Open. 12 (2) e046172. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046172. ISSN 2044-6055. PMC 8860059. PMID 35177439.
Vandervoort J, Soetikno RM, Tham TC, Wong RC, Ferrari AP, Montes H, et al. (November 2002). "Risk factors for complications after performance of ERCP". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 56 (5): 652–656. doi:10.1016/s0016-5107(02)70112-0. ISSN 0016-5107. PMID 12397271.
Ahmed I, Hudson J, Innes K, Hernández R, Gillies K, Bruce R, et al. (2023-12-06). "Effectiveness of conservative management versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the prevention of recurrent symptoms and complications in adults with uncomplicated symptomatic gallstone disease (C-GALL trial): pragmatic, multicentre randomised controlled trial". BMJ. 383 e075383. doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-075383. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 10698555. PMID 38084426.
Thistle JL, Hofmann AF (September 1973). "Efficacy and specificity of chenodeoxycholic acid therapy for dissolving gallstones". The New England Journal of Medicine. 289 (13): 655–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM197309272891303. PMID 4580472.
Hofmann AF (September 1989). "Medical dissolution of gallstones by oral bile acid therapy". American Journal of Surgery. 158 (3): 198–204. doi:10.1016/0002-9610(89)90252-3. PMID 2672842.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ansaloni L, Pisano M, Coccolini F, Peitzmann AB, Fingerhut A, Catena F, et al. (2016). "2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis". World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 11: 25. doi:10.1186/s13017-016-0082-5. PMC 4908702. PMID 27307785.
Gallstone Disease: Diagnosis and Management of Cholelithiasis, Cholecystitis and Choledocholithiasis. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Guidelines. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). October 2014. p. 101. PMID 25473723.
Vos T, Barber RM, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I, et al. (August 2015). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 386 (9995): 743–800. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4. PMC 4561509. PMID 26063472.
"Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–71. January 2015. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
Jones MW, Weir CB, Ghassemzadeh S (2025), "Gallstones (Cholelithiasis)", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 29083691, retrieved 2025-04-24
Fujita N, Yasuda I, Endo I, Isayama H, Iwashita T, Ueki T, et al. (September 2023). "Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis 2021". Journal of Gastroenterology. 58 (9): 801–833. doi:10.1007/s00535-023-02014-6. ISSN 0944-1174. PMC 10423145. PMID 37452855.
Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL (June 2005). "Dietary carbohydrates and glycaemic load and the incidence of symptomatic gall stone disease in men". Gut. 54 (6): 823–8. doi:10.1136/gut.2003.031435. PMC 1774557. PMID 15888792.
Wang HH, Liu M, Li X, Portincasa P, Wang DQ (April 2017). "Impaired intestinal cholecystokinin secretion, a fascinating but overlooked link between coeliac disease and cholesterol gallstone disease". European Journal of Clinical Investigation (Review). 47 (4): 328–333. doi:10.1111/eci.12734. PMC 8135131. PMID 28186337.
Trotman BW, Bernstein SE, Bove KE, Wirt GD (June 1980). "Studies on the pathogenesis of pigment gallstones in hemolytic anemia: description and characteristics of a mouse model". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 65 (6): 1301–8. doi:10.1172/JCI109793. PMC 371467. PMID 7410545.
Gallstones—Cholelithiasis; Gallbladder attack; Biliary colic; Gallstone attack; Bile calculus; Biliary calculus Archived 2011-02-07 at the Wayback Machine Last reviewed: July 6, 2009. Reviewed by: George F. Longstreth. Also reviewed by David Zieve
Fitzgerald EJ, Toi A (July 1987). "Pitfalls in the ultrasonographic diagnosis of gallbladder diseases". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 63 (741): 525–32. doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.741.525. PMC 2428351. PMID 3309915.
Gui GP, Cheruvu CV, West N, Sivaniah K, Fiennes AG (January 1998). "Is cholecystectomy effective treatment for symptomatic gallstones? Clinical outcome after long-term follow-up". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 80 (1): 25–32. ISSN 0035-8843. PMC 2502763. PMID 9579123.
Sathesh-Kumar T, Saklani AP, Vinayagam R, Blackett RL (17 February 2004). "Spilled gall stones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a review of the literature". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 80 (940): 77–79. doi:10.1136/pmj.2003.006023. PMC 1742934. PMID 14970293.
Farrugia A, Attard JA, Khan S, Williams N, Arasaradnam R (2022-02-01). "Postcholecystectomy diarrhoea rate and predictive factors: a systematic review of the literature". BMJ Open. 12 (2) e046172. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046172. ISSN 2044-6055. PMC 8860059. PMID 35177439.
Ahmed I, Hudson J, Innes K, Hernández R, Gillies K, Bruce R, et al. (2023-12-06). "Effectiveness of conservative management versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the prevention of recurrent symptoms and complications in adults with uncomplicated symptomatic gallstone disease (C-GALL trial): pragmatic, multicentre randomised controlled trial". BMJ. 383 e075383. doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-075383. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 10698555. PMID 38084426.

niddk.nih.gov

"Gallstones". NIDDK. November 2013. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
"Treatment for Gallstones". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. November 2017.

digestive.niddk.nih.gov

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2007). "Gallstones" (PDF). Bethesda, Maryland: National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-05. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

nihr.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 7,409^th place)

evidence.nihr.ac.uk

"Gallstones: surgery might not always be needed". NIHR Evidence. 31 October 2024.

ninemsn.com.au (Global: 4,532^nd place; English: 2,570^th place)

sgp1.paddington.ninemsn.com.au

"Interview with Darren Wise. Transcrip". Omaha, Nebraska: Medscape (WebMD). Archived from the original on 2010-11-21. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

pjms.com.pk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Channa NA, Khand FD, Khand TU, Leghari MH, Memon AN (2007). "Analysis of human gallstones by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)". Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 23 (4): 546–50. Archived from the original on 2011-08-24. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Koppisetti S, Jenigiri B, Terron MP, Tengattini S, Tamura H, Flores LJ, et al. (October 2008). "Reactive oxygen species and the hypomotility of the gall bladder as targets for the treatment of gallstones with melatonin: a review". Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 53 (10): 2592–603. doi:10.1007/s10620-007-0195-5. PMID 18338264. S2CID 22785223.
del Giudice EM, Perrotta S, Nobili B, Specchia C, d'Urzo G, Iolascon A (October 1999). "Coinheritance of Gilbert Syndrome Increases the Risk for Developing Gallstones in Patients With Hereditary Spherocytosis" (PDF). Blood. 94 (7): 2259–2262. doi:10.1182/blood.V94.7.2259.419k42_2259_2262. PMID 10498597. S2CID 40558696.
Misciagna G, Leoci C, Guerra V, Chiloiro M, Elba S, Petruzzi J, et al. (June 1996). "Epidemiology of cholelithiasis in southern Italy. Part II: Risk factors". European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 8 (6): 585–93. doi:10.1097/00042737-199606000-00017. PMID 8823575. S2CID 11355563.
Cahan MA, Balduf L, Colton K, Palacioz B, McCartney W, Farrell TM (September 2006). "Proton pump inhibitors reduce gallbladder function". Surgical Endoscopy. 20 (9): 1364–7. doi:10.1007/s00464-005-0247-x. PMID 16858534. S2CID 20833380.
Kan HP, Guo WB, Tan YF, Zhou J, Liu CD, Huang YQ (September 2015). "Statin use and risk of gallstone disease: A meta-analysis". Hepatology Research. 45 (9): 942–948. doi:10.1111/hepr.12433. PMID 25297889. S2CID 25636425.

springer.com (Global: 182^nd place; English: 172^nd place)

link.springer.com

Gilani SN, Bass G, Leader F, Walsh TN (December 2009). "Collins' sign: validation of a clinical sign in cholelithiasis". Irish Journal of Medical Science. 178 (4): 397–400. doi:10.1007/s11845-009-0404-7. ISSN 0021-1265.
Fujita N, Yasuda I, Endo I, Isayama H, Iwashita T, Ueki T, et al. (September 2023). "Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis 2021". Journal of Gastroenterology. 58 (9): 801–833. doi:10.1007/s00535-023-02014-6. ISSN 0944-1174. PMC 10423145. PMID 37452855.

thieme-connect.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lammert F, Wittenburg H (August 2024). "Gallstones: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment". Seminars in Liver Disease. 44 (03): 394–404. doi:10.1055/a-2378-9025. ISSN 0272-8087.

uptodate.com (Global: 4,645^th place; English: 3,353^rd place)

Afdhal N, Zakko S (Sep 2022). "Gallstones: Epidemiology, risk factors and prevention". UpToDate. Retrieved 2023-05-26.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Gallstones". NIDDK. November 2013. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
Rosenthal RA, Zenilman ME, Katlic MR, eds. (2011). Principles and practice of geriatric surgery (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer. p. 944. ISBN 978-1-4419-6999-6. Archived from the original on 2016-08-15.
Ortega RM, Fernández-Azuela M, Encinas-Sotillos A, Andrés P, López-Sobaler AM (February 1997). "Differences in diet and food habits between patients with gallstones and controls". Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 16 (1): 88–95. doi:10.1080/07315724.1997.10718655. PMID 9013440. Archived from the original on 2008-07-20. Retrieved 2010-11-06.
NHS Choices. "Should you lose weight fast? – Live Well—NHS Choices". www.nhs.uk. Archived from the original on 2016-02-16. Retrieved 2016-02-16.
Office of the Commissioner. "Safety Information—Xenical (orlistat) capsules". www.fda.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-06-11. Retrieved 2016-06-18.
Thunell S (2008). "Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders: Cutaneous Porphyrias". Whitehouse Station, New Jersey: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation. Archived from the original on 2020-03-12. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
Channa NA, Khand FD, Khand TU, Leghari MH, Memon AN (2007). "Analysis of human gallstones by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)". Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 23 (4): 546–50. Archived from the original on 2011-08-24. Retrieved 2010-11-06.
Gallstones—Cholelithiasis; Gallbladder attack; Biliary colic; Gallstone attack; Bile calculus; Biliary calculus Archived 2011-02-07 at the Wayback Machine Last reviewed: July 6, 2009. Reviewed by: George F. Longstreth. Also reviewed by David Zieve
Jensen (2010). "Postcholecystectomy syndrome". Omaha, Nebraska: Medscape (WebMD). Archived from the original on 2010-12-23. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2007). "Gallstones" (PDF). Bethesda, Maryland: National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-05. Retrieved 2010-11-06.
National Health Service (2010). "Gallstones — Treatment". NHS Choices: Health A-Z—Conditions and treatments. London: National Health Service. Archived from the original on 2010-11-14. Retrieved 2010-11-06.
"Interview with Darren Wise. Transcrip". Omaha, Nebraska: Medscape (WebMD). Archived from the original on 2010-11-21. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; English: 174^th place)

doi.wiley.com

Gurusamy KS, Davidson C, Gluud C, Davidson BR (2013-06-30). Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group (ed.). "Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for people with acute cholecystitis". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (6) CD005440. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005440.pub3. PMID 23813477.
Keus F, de Jong J, Gooszen HG, Laarhoven CJ (2006-10-18). Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group (ed.). "Laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4) CD006231. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006231. PMID 17054285.

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Peterli R, Schuppisser JP, Herzog U, Ackermann C, Tondelli PE (October 2000). "Prevalence of Postcholecystectomy Symptoms: Long-term Outcome after Open versus Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy". World Journal of Surgery. 24 (10): 1232–1235. doi:10.1007/s002680010243. ISSN 0364-2313.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Acalovschi M, Blendea D, Feier C, Letia AI, Ratiu N, Dumitrascu DL, et al. (August 2003). "Risk factors for symptomatic gallstones in patients with liver cirrhosis: a case-control study". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 98 (8): 1856–1860. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07618.x. ISSN 0002-9270.
Lammert F, Wittenburg H (August 2024). "Gallstones: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment". Seminars in Liver Disease. 44 (03): 394–404. doi:10.1055/a-2378-9025. ISSN 0272-8087.
Gilani SN, Bass G, Leader F, Walsh TN (December 2009). "Collins' sign: validation of a clinical sign in cholelithiasis". Irish Journal of Medical Science. 178 (4): 397–400. doi:10.1007/s11845-009-0404-7. ISSN 0021-1265.
Fujita N, Yasuda I, Endo I, Isayama H, Iwashita T, Ueki T, et al. (September 2023). "Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis 2021". Journal of Gastroenterology. 58 (9): 801–833. doi:10.1007/s00535-023-02014-6. ISSN 0944-1174. PMC 10423145. PMID 37452855.
van Dijk AH, Wennmacker SZ, de Reuver PR, Latenstein CS, Buyne O, Donkervoort SC, et al. (June 2019). "Restrictive strategy versus usual care for cholecystectomy in patients with gallstones and abdominal pain (SECURE): a multicentre, randomised, parallel-arm, non-inferiority trial". The Lancet. 393 (10188): 2322–2330. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30941-9. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 31036336.
Peterli R, Schuppisser JP, Herzog U, Ackermann C, Tondelli PE (October 2000). "Prevalence of Postcholecystectomy Symptoms: Long-term Outcome after Open versus Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy". World Journal of Surgery. 24 (10): 1232–1235. doi:10.1007/s002680010243. ISSN 0364-2313.
Gui GP, Cheruvu CV, West N, Sivaniah K, Fiennes AG (January 1998). "Is cholecystectomy effective treatment for symptomatic gallstones? Clinical outcome after long-term follow-up". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 80 (1): 25–32. ISSN 0035-8843. PMC 2502763. PMID 9579123.
Farrugia A, Attard JA, Khan S, Williams N, Arasaradnam R (2022-02-01). "Postcholecystectomy diarrhoea rate and predictive factors: a systematic review of the literature". BMJ Open. 12 (2) e046172. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046172. ISSN 2044-6055. PMC 8860059. PMID 35177439.
Vandervoort J, Soetikno RM, Tham TC, Wong RC, Ferrari AP, Montes H, et al. (November 2002). "Risk factors for complications after performance of ERCP". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 56 (5): 652–656. doi:10.1016/s0016-5107(02)70112-0. ISSN 0016-5107. PMID 12397271.
Ahmed I, Hudson J, Innes K, Hernández R, Gillies K, Bruce R, et al. (2023-12-06). "Effectiveness of conservative management versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the prevention of recurrent symptoms and complications in adults with uncomplicated symptomatic gallstone disease (C-GALL trial): pragmatic, multicentre randomised controlled trial". BMJ. 383 e075383. doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-075383. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 10698555. PMID 38084426.

Gallstone (English Wikipedia)

accesssurgery-mhmedical-com (Global: low place; English: low place)

ashpublications.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

bmj.com (Global: 1,341st place; English: 1,425th place)

bmjopen.bmj.com

bmj.com

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

elsevier.com (Global: 365th place; English: 372nd place)

linkinghub.elsevier.com

england.nhs.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

fda.gov (Global: 470th place; English: 329th place)

gla.ac.uk (Global: 2,504th place; English: 1,408th place)

eprints.gla.ac.uk

hopkinsmedicine.org (Global: 6,205th place; English: 4,169th place)

jacn.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

medscape.com (Global: 1,078th place; English: 916th place)

emedicine.medscape.com

merck.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

nap.edu (Global: 2,540th place; English: 1,815th place)

nhs.uk (Global: 2,637th place; English: 2,254th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

niddk.nih.gov

digestive.niddk.nih.gov

nihr.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 7,409th place)

evidence.nihr.ac.uk

ninemsn.com.au (Global: 4,532nd place; English: 2,570th place)

sgp1.paddington.ninemsn.com.au

pjms.com.pk (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

springer.com (Global: 182nd place; English: 172nd place)

link.springer.com

thieme-connect.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

uptodate.com (Global: 4,645th place; English: 3,353rd place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

wiley.com (Global: 150th place; English: 174th place)

doi.wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

bmj.com (Global: 1,341^st place; English: 1,425^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

elsevier.com (Global: 365^th place; English: 372^nd place)

fda.gov (Global: 470^th place; English: 329^th place)

gla.ac.uk (Global: 2,504^th place; English: 1,408^th place)

hopkinsmedicine.org (Global: 6,205^th place; English: 4,169^th place)

medscape.com (Global: 1,078^th place; English: 916^th place)

nap.edu (Global: 2,540^th place; English: 1,815^th place)

nhs.uk (Global: 2,637^th place; English: 2,254^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

nihr.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 7,409^th place)

ninemsn.com.au (Global: 4,532^nd place; English: 2,570^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

springer.com (Global: 182^nd place; English: 172^nd place)

uptodate.com (Global: 4,645^th place; English: 3,353^rd place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; English: 174^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)