Garum (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Garum" in English language version.

Last modified: 05:39:48, 19 September 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank English rank

87books.google.com

3^rd place

66doi.org

2^nd place

63jstor.org

23^rd place

15^th place

33worldcat.org

4^th place

33web.archive.org

1^st place

22nih.gov

5^th place

21npr.org

114^th place

75^th place

11haaretz.com

379^th place

278^th place

11salon.com

683^rd place

407^th place

11loc.gov

63^rd place

47^th place

11ucpress.edu

3,462^nd place

2,052^nd place

11latimes.com

32^nd place

21^st place

11archive.org

6^th place

11coquinaria.nl

low place

11uchicago.edu

226^th place

199^th place

11ajcn.org

low place

11aadl.org

low place

9,592^nd place

11adsabs.harvard.edu

14^th place

9^th place

11timesofisrael.com

268^th place

208^th place

11express.co.uk

796^th place

532^nd place

11spain.info

low place

11surinenglish.com

low place

11millenniumbcp.pt

low place

11academia.edu

105^th place

99^th place

11discovery.com

2,064^th place

1,414^th place

11bbc.com

26^th place

23^rd place

11pubpub.org

low place

aadl.org (Global: low place; English: 9,592^nd place)

cooks.aadl.org

Zaret, PM (2004) Liquamen and other fish sauces" Repast, 20 (4) : 3–4 and 8.

academia.edu (Global: 105^th place; English: 99^th place)

Trakadas, Athena (2005). "The Archaeological Evidence for Fish Processing in the Western Mediterranean". In Bekker-Nielsen, Tonnes (ed.). Ancient Fishing and Fish Processing in the Black Sea Region. Black Sea Studies 2. Vol. 110. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press. pp. 64–66.

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Aquerreta, Yolanda; Astiasarán, Iciar; Bello, José (2002-01-01). "Use of exogenous enzymes to elaborate the Roman fish sauce 'garum'". Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 82 (1): 107–112. Bibcode:2002JSFA...82..107A. doi:10.1002/jsfa.1013. ISSN 1097-0010.

ajcn.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Curtis RI (2009) "Umami and the foods of classical antiquity" American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90 (3): 712S–718S. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27462C

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Davidson, Alan; Saberi, Helen; McGee, Harold (2002). The Wilder Shores of Gastronomy: Twenty Years of the Best Food Writing from the Journal Petits Propos Culinaires. Ten Speed Press. pp. 358–360. ISBN 978-1-580-08417-8.

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

Valeri, Salvatore; Bika, Koldo (12 October 2017). "The ancient condiment that came back from the dead". BBC. Retrieved 14 October 2017.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Miles, Richard (2011). Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization (1st American ed.). New York: Viking Press. ISBN 9780670022663. LCCN 2011004123.
Lewicka, Paulina (2011-08-25). Food and Foodways of Medieval Cairenes: Aspects of Life in an Islamic Metropolis of the Eastern Mediterranean. Brill. p. 296. ISBN 9789004194724.
Smith, Andrew F. (1998). "From Garum to Ketchup. A Spicy Tale of Two Fish Sauces". In Walker, Harlan (ed.). Fish: Food from the Waters. Oxford Symposium. pp. 299–306. ISBN 978-0-907325-89-5.
Curtis, Robert Irvin (1991). Garum and Salsamenta: Production and Commerce in Materia Medica. Brill. p. 22. ISBN 9789004377264.
Saberi, Helen, ed. (2011). "Roman fish sauce. An experiment in archaeology". Cured, Smoked, and Fermented: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food. Prospect Books, Oxford Symposium, 2011. p. 121. ISBN 9781903018859.
Grainger S (2006) "Towards an Authentic Roman Sauce" In: Pages 206–210, Richard Hosking (Ed.) Authenticity in the Kitchen, Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery, 2005. ISBN 9781903018477.
Jashemski WMF and Meyer FG (2002) The Natural History of Pompeii Cambridge University Press, page 274. ISBN 9780521800549.

coquinaria.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

Muusers, Christianne. "Recipe for Garum or liquamen, the Roman fish sauce". Coquinaria. Retrieved 2017-10-11.

discovery.com (Global: 2,064^th place; English: 1,414^th place)

dsc.discovery.com

Lorenzi, Rossella (2017-05-10). "Fish Sauce Used to Date Pompeii Eruption". Discovery. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Downie, David (2003-05-01). "A Roman Anchovy's Tale". Gastronomica. 3 (2). University of California Press: 25–28. doi:10.1525/gfc.2003.3.2.25. ISSN 1529-3262.
Curtis RI (2009) "Umami and the foods of classical antiquity" American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90 (3): 712S–718S. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27462C
Aquerreta, Yolanda; Astiasarán, Iciar; Bello, José (2002-01-01). "Use of exogenous enzymes to elaborate the Roman fish sauce 'garum'". Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 82 (1): 107–112. Bibcode:2002JSFA...82..107A. doi:10.1002/jsfa.1013. ISSN 1097-0010.
Mitchell, Piers D. (2017). "Human parasites in the Roman World: health consequences of conquering an empire". Parasitology. 144 (1): 48–58. doi:10.1017/S0031182015001651. PMID 26741568.
Curtis, Robert I. (1984). "Salted Fish Products in Ancient Medicine". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 39 (4): 430–445. doi:10.1093/jhmas/39.4.430. JSTOR 24633198. PMID 6389686.
Grainger, Sally (2021-01-21). Gannon, Kathryn (ed.). "The Story of Garum: Roman Fish Sauce in a Modern Context". Fermentology. NC State University Libraries. doi:10.52750/793108. Archived from the original on 2023-06-29. Retrieved 2023-07-03.

express.co.uk (Global: 796^th place; English: 532^nd place)

Day, Joel (19 August 2021). "Archaeology breakthrough after storm uncovered lost ancient Roman city on Tunisian coast". Express.co.uk.

haaretz.com (Global: 379^th place; English: 278^th place)

Schuster, Ruth (December 16, 2019). "Ancient Roman Garum Factory Found in Israel, Suitably Far Away from Town". Haaretz. Retrieved February 7, 2021.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Origines 20.3.19; Corcoran, Thomas H. (1963). "Roman Fish Sauces". Classical Journal. 58 (5): 204–210. JSTOR 3295259, citing D'Arcy W. Thompson, A Glossary of Greek Fishes (London, 1947), p. 43.
Curtis, Robert I. (1983). "In Defense of Garum". The Classical Journal. 78 (3): 232–240. JSTOR 3297180.
Curtis, Robert I. (1984). "Salted Fish Products in Ancient Medicine". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 39 (4): 430–445. doi:10.1093/jhmas/39.4.430. JSTOR 24633198. PMID 6389686.

latimes.com (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

Perry, Charles (October 31, 2001), "The Soy Sauce That Wasn't", Los Angeles Times, retrieved 12 January 2020

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

lccn.loc.gov

Miles, Richard (2011). Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization (1st American ed.). New York: Viking Press. ISBN 9780670022663. LCCN 2011004123.

millenniumbcp.pt (Global: low place; English: low place)

ind.millenniumbcp.pt

Millennium bcp Foundation, Rua dos Correeiros 21 Fundação Millennium bcp—Núcleo Arqueológico

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Mitchell, Piers D. (2017). "Human parasites in the Roman World: health consequences of conquering an empire". Parasitology. 144 (1): 48–58. doi:10.1017/S0031182015001651. PMID 26741568.
Curtis, Robert I. (1984). "Salted Fish Products in Ancient Medicine". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 39 (4): 430–445. doi:10.1093/jhmas/39.4.430. JSTOR 24633198. PMID 6389686.

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

Prichep, Deena (26 October 2013). "Fish Sauce: An Ancient Roman Condiment Rises Again". NPR. Retrieved 2 October 2016.

pubpub.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

fermentology.pubpub.org

Grainger, Sally (2021-01-21). Gannon, Kathryn (ed.). "The Story of Garum: Roman Fish Sauce in a Modern Context". Fermentology. NC State University Libraries. doi:10.52750/793108. Archived from the original on 2023-06-29. Retrieved 2023-07-03.

salon.com (Global: 683^rd place; English: 407^th place)

Stevens, Ashlie D. (February 7, 2021). "Garum, the Funky and Fishy Condiment that Rose and Fell with the Roman Empire". Salon. Retrieved February 8, 2021.

spain.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Gadir archaeological site". spain.info.

surinenglish.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

García, José Carlos (22 October 2025). "Benalmádena to invest 845,000 euros to make Roman salting factory accessible to visitors". Sur in English. Retrieved 7 February 2026.

timesofisrael.com (Global: 268^th place; English: 208^th place)

Borschel-Dan, Amanda (16 December 2019). "Factory for Romans' favorite funky fish sauce discovered near Ashkelon". The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 2019-12-18.

uchicago.edu (Global: 226^th place; English: 199^th place)

penelope.uchicago.edu

Apicius, De Re Coquinaria (Book III, section VIII)

ucpress.edu (Global: 3,462^nd place; English: 2,052^nd place)

online.ucpress.edu

Downie, David (2003-05-01). "A Roman Anchovy's Tale". Gastronomica. 3 (2). University of California Press: 25–28. doi:10.1525/gfc.2003.3.2.25. ISSN 1529-3262.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Harvey, Brian. "Graffiti from Pompeii". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-04-25. Herculaneum. Stamps on jars of garum. 2569: Kosher garum
Lorenzi, Rossella (2017-05-10). "Fish Sauce Used to Date Pompeii Eruption". Discovery. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012.
Grainger, Sally (2021-01-21). Gannon, Kathryn (ed.). "The Story of Garum: Roman Fish Sauce in a Modern Context". Fermentology. NC State University Libraries. doi:10.52750/793108. Archived from the original on 2023-06-29. Retrieved 2023-07-03.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Downie, David (2003-05-01). "A Roman Anchovy's Tale". Gastronomica. 3 (2). University of California Press: 25–28. doi:10.1525/gfc.2003.3.2.25. ISSN 1529-3262.
Aquerreta, Yolanda; Astiasarán, Iciar; Bello, José (2002-01-01). "Use of exogenous enzymes to elaborate the Roman fish sauce 'garum'". Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 82 (1): 107–112. Bibcode:2002JSFA...82..107A. doi:10.1002/jsfa.1013. ISSN 1097-0010.
Borschel-Dan, Amanda (16 December 2019). "Factory for Romans' favorite funky fish sauce discovered near Ashkelon". The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 2019-12-18.

Garum (English Wikipedia)

aadl.org (Global: low place; English: 9,592nd place)

cooks.aadl.org

academia.edu (Global: 105th place; English: 99th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

ajcn.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

bbc.com (Global: 26th place; English: 23rd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

coquinaria.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

discovery.com (Global: 2,064th place; English: 1,414th place)

dsc.discovery.com

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

express.co.uk (Global: 796th place; English: 532nd place)

haaretz.com (Global: 379th place; English: 278th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

latimes.com (Global: 32nd place; English: 21st place)

loc.gov (Global: 63rd place; English: 47th place)

lccn.loc.gov

millenniumbcp.pt (Global: low place; English: low place)

ind.millenniumbcp.pt

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

npr.org (Global: 114th place; English: 75th place)

pubpub.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

fermentology.pubpub.org

salon.com (Global: 683rd place; English: 407th place)

spain.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

surinenglish.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

timesofisrael.com (Global: 268th place; English: 208th place)

uchicago.edu (Global: 226th place; English: 199th place)

penelope.uchicago.edu

ucpress.edu (Global: 3,462nd place; English: 2,052nd place)

online.ucpress.edu

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

aadl.org (Global: low place; English: 9,592^nd place)

academia.edu (Global: 105^th place; English: 99^th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

discovery.com (Global: 2,064^th place; English: 1,414^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

express.co.uk (Global: 796^th place; English: 532^nd place)

haaretz.com (Global: 379^th place; English: 278^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

latimes.com (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

salon.com (Global: 683^rd place; English: 407^th place)

timesofisrael.com (Global: 268^th place; English: 208^th place)

uchicago.edu (Global: 226^th place; English: 199^th place)

ucpress.edu (Global: 3,462^nd place; English: 2,052^nd place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)