Generative pre-trained transformer (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Generative pre-trained transformer" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

90web.archive.org

1^st place

19openai.com

1,559^th place

1,155^th place

14arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

8doi.org

2^nd place

4forbes.com

54^th place

48^th place

4semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

4stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

3nih.gov

4^th place

3neurips.cc

low place

3analyticsindiamag.com

low place

7,637^th place

2makeuseof.com

5,911^th place

3,889^th place

2infoq.com

6,158^th place

4,128^th place

2techmonitor.ai

low place

2worldcat.org

5^th place

2harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

2theverge.com

114^th place

90^th place

2marktechpost.com

low place

2lexology.com

low place

6,257^th place

2github.com

383^rd place

320^th place

1aljazeera.com

268^th place

215^th place

1weforum.org

1,771^st place

1,426^th place

1time.com

61^st place

54^th place

1towardsai.net

low place

1computer.org

5,196^th place

3,635^th place

1libguides.com

low place

6,846^th place

1businesswire.com

615^th place

407^th place

1mlr.press

low place

1ethw.org

low place

7,456^th place

1jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

1escholarship.org

1,523^rd place

976^th place

1sciencedirect.com

149^th place

178^th place

1gwern.net

low place

9,044^th place

1aip.org

2,204^th place

1,735^th place

1epfl.ch

4,521^st place

4,877^th place

1notion.site

low place

1archive.today

14^th place

1cv-foundation.org

low place

1epochai.org

low place

1namepepper.com

low place

1the-decoder.com

low place

1aibusiness.com

low place

1pcmag.com

1,060^th place

700^th place

1databricks.com

low place

1techcrunch.com

187^th place

146^th place

1cnet.com

272^nd place

225^th place

1mashable.com

561^st place

392^nd place

1arstechnica.com

388^th place

265^th place

1repec.org

4,270^th place

2,990^th place

1cnbc.com

220^th place

155^th place

1fastcompany.com

1,040^th place

623^rd place

1thejournal.com

low place

1pcworld.com

1,317^th place

873^rd place

1wire19.com

low place

1infoworld.com

3,696^th place

2,428^th place

1bizjournals.com

407^th place

241^st place

1designtaxi.com

low place

1uspto.gov

1,459^th place

991^st place

1digital.gov

low place

1inta.org

low place

1techtimes.com

4,756^th place

2,900^th place

1techstartups.com

low place

1techtarget.com

2,435^th place

1,699^th place

1eweek.com

5,390^th place

3,454^th place

1commercialobserver.com

low place

8,807^th place

1cornell.edu

332^nd place

246^th place

aibusiness.com

"Google Opens Access to PaLM Language Model". Archived from the original on May 31, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.

aip.org

pubs.aip.org

Elman, Jeffrey L.; Zipser, David (April 1, 1988). "Learning the hidden structure of speech". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 83 (4): 1615–1626. Bibcode:1988ASAJ...83.1615E. doi:10.1121/1.395916. ISSN 0001-4966. PMID 3372872. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.

aljazeera.com

Haddad, Mohammed. "How does GPT-4 work and how can you start using it in ChatGPT?". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on July 5, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2023.

analyticsindiamag.com

Iyer, Aparna (November 30, 2022). "Meet GPT-JT, the Closest Open Source Alternative to GPT-3". Analytics India Magazine. Archived from the original on June 2, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
Saha, Shritama (January 4, 2023). "Google Launches Muse, A New Text-to-Image Transformer Model". Analytics India Magazine. Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
Ramnani, Meeta (January 28, 2022). "OpenAI dumps its own GPT-3 for something called InstructGPT, and for right reason". Analytics India Magazine. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.

archive.today

"Model index for researchers". OpenAI API. Archived from the original on June 23, 2023. Retrieved June 23, 2023.

arstechnica.com

Edwards, Benj (January 9, 2023). "Microsoft's new AI can simulate anyone's voice with 3 seconds of audio". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.

arxiv.org

Devlin, Jacob; Chang, Ming-Wei; Lee, Kenton; Toutanova, Kristina (May 24, 2019). "BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding". Association for Computational Linguistics. arXiv:1810.04805.
Radford, Alec; Jozefowicz, Rafal; Sutskever, Ilya (April 6, 2017). "Learning to Generate Reviews and Discovering Sentiment". arXiv:1704.01444 [cs.LG].
Chen, Mark; Tworek, Jerry; Jun, Heewoo; Yuan, Qiming; Ponde de Oliveira Pinto, Henrique; Kaplan, Jared; Edwards, Harri; Burda, Yuri; Joseph, Nicholas; Brockman, Greg; Ray, Alex; Puri, Raul; Krueger, Gretchen; Petrov, Michael; Khlaaf, Heidy (July 1, 2021). "Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code". Association for Computational Linguistics. arXiv:2107.03374.
Ouyang, Long; Wu, Jeffrey; Jiang, Xu; Almeida, Diogo; Wainwright, Carroll; Mishkin, Pamela; Zhang, Chong; Agarwal, Sandhini; Slama, Katarina; Ray, Alex; Schulman, John; Hilton, Jacob; Kelton, Fraser; Miller, Luke; Simens, Maddie (December 6, 2022). "Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 35: 27730–27744. arXiv:2203.02155. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
Zhu, Yukun; Kiros, Ryan; Zemel, Rich; Salakhutdinov, Ruslan; Urtasun, Raquel; Torralba, Antonio; Fidler, Sanja (2015). Aligning Books and Movies: Towards Story-Like Visual Explanations by Watching Movies and Reading Books. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015. pp. 19–27. arXiv:1506.06724. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
Brown, Tom B.; Mann, Benjamin; Ryder, Nick; Subbiah, Melanie; Kaplan, Jared; Dhariwal, Prafulla; Neelakantan, Arvind; Shyam, Pranav; Sastry, Girish; Askell, Amanda; Agarwal, Sandhini; Herbert-Voss, Ariel; Krueger, Gretchen; Henighan, Tom; Child, Rewon; Ramesh, Aditya; Ziegler, Daniel M.; Wu, Jeffrey; Winter, Clemens; Hesse, Christopher; Chen, Mark; Sigler, Eric; Litwin, Mateusz; Gray, Scott; Chess, Benjamin; Clark, Jack; Berner, Christopher; McCandlish, Sam; Radford, Alec; Sutskever, Ilya; Amodei, Dario (May 28, 2020). "Language Models are Few-Shot Learners". NeurIPS. arXiv:2005.14165v4.
Wu (et-al), Chenfei (March 8, 2023). "Visual ChatGPT". arXiv:2303.04671 [cs.CV].
Bommasani (et-al), Rishi (July 12, 2022). "On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models". arXiv:2108.07258 [cs.LG].
Ouyang, Long; Wu, Jeff; Jiang, Xu; et al. (November 4, 2022). "Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback". NeurIPS. arXiv:2203.02155.
Luo (et-al), Renqian (April 3, 2023). "BioGPT: Generative pre-trained transformer for biomedical text generation and mining". Briefings in Bioinformatics. 23 (6). arXiv:2210.10341. doi:10.1093/bib/bbac409. PMID 36156661.
Solaiman, Irene; Brundage, Miles; Clark, Jack; Askell, Amanda; Herbert-Voss, Ariel; Wu, Jeff; Radford, Alec; Krueger, Gretchen; Kim, Jong Wook; Kreps, Sarah; McCain, Miles; Newhouse, Alex; Blazakis, Jason; McGuffie, Kris; Wang, Jasmine (November 12, 2019). "Release Strategies and the Social Impacts of Language Models". arXiv:1908.09203 [cs.CL].
Nakano, Reiichiro; Hilton, Jacob; Balaji, Suchir; Wu, Jeff; Ouyang, Long; Kim, Christina; Hesse, Christopher; Jain, Shantanu; Kosaraju, Vineet; Saunders, William; Jiang, Xu; Cobbe, Karl; Eloundou, Tyna; Krueger, Gretchen; Button, Kevin (December 1, 2021). "WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedback". CoRR. arXiv:2112.09332. Archived from the original on July 2, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
OpenAI (March 27, 2023). "GPT-4 Technical Report". arXiv:2303.08774 [cs.CL].
Bubeck, Sébastien; Chandrasekaran, Varun; Eldan, Ronen; Gehrke, Johannes; Horvitz, Eric; Kamar, Ece; Lee, Peter; Lee, Yin Tat; Li, Yuanzhi; Lundberg, Scott; Nori, Harsha; Palangi, Hamid; Ribeiro, Marco Tulio; Zhang, Yi (April 13, 2023). "Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4". arXiv:2303.12712 [cs.CL].

bizjournals.com

Hicks, William (May 10, 2023). "ChatGPT creator OpenAI is asking startups to remove 'GPT' from their names". The Business Journal. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

businesswire.com

"News" (Press release). Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved April 5, 2023.

cnbc.com

Leswing, Kif (April 13, 2023). "Bloomberg plans to integrate GPT-style A.I. into its terminal". CNBC. Archived from the original on May 19, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023.

cnet.com

"ChatGPT vs. Bing vs. Google Bard: Which AI Is the Most Helpful?". CNET. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved April 30, 2023.

commercialobserver.com

Russo, Philip (August 22, 2023). "The Genesis of Generative AI for Everything Everywhere All at Once in CRE". Commercial Observer. Archived from the original on August 24, 2023.

computer.org

"CSDL | IEEE Computer Society". www.computer.org. Archived from the original on April 28, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.

cornell.edu

law.cornell.edu

"Trademark infringement". Archived from the original on November 30, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.

cv-foundation.org

Zhu, Yukun; Kiros, Ryan; Zemel, Rich; Salakhutdinov, Ruslan; Urtasun, Raquel; Torralba, Antonio; Fidler, Sanja (2015). Aligning Books and Movies: Towards Story-Like Visual Explanations by Watching Movies and Reading Books. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015. pp. 19–27. arXiv:1506.06724. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved February 7, 2023.

databricks.com

"Free Dolly: Introducing the World's First Truly Open Instruction-Tuned LLM". Databricks. April 12, 2023. Archived from the original on July 14, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.

designtaxi.com

Heah, Alexa (April 26, 2023). "OpenAI Unsuccessful At Speeding Up Its Attempt To Trademark 'GPT'". DesignTAXI. Archived from the original on April 26, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

digital.gov

"U.S. Trademark Law". December 2015. Archived from the original on January 17, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2023.

doi.org

Hinton (et-al), Geoffrey (October 15, 2012). "Deep neural networks for acoustic modeling in speech recognition" (PDF). IEEE Signal Processing Magazine. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. doi:10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. S2CID 206485943. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 18, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
Deng, Li (January 22, 2014). "A tutorial survey of architectures, algorithms, and applications for deep learning | APSIPA Transactions on Signal and Information Processing | Cambridge Core". Apsipa Transactions on Signal and Information Processing. 3. Cambridge.org: e2. doi:10.1017/atsip.2013.9. S2CID 9928823.
Juang, B. H.; Rabiner, L. R. (1991). "Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition". Technometrics. 33 (3): 251–272. doi:10.2307/1268779. ISSN 0040-1706. JSTOR 1268779. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Schmidhuber, Jürgen (1992). "Learning complex, extended sequences using the principle of history compression" (PDF). Neural Computation. 4 (2): 234–242. doi:10.1162/neco.1992.4.2.234. S2CID 18271205.
Elman, Jeffrey L.; Zipser, David (April 1, 1988). "Learning the hidden structure of speech". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 83 (4): 1615–1626. Bibcode:1988ASAJ...83.1615E. doi:10.1121/1.395916. ISSN 0001-4966. PMID 3372872. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Bourlard, H.; Kamp, Y. (1988). "Auto-association by multilayer perceptrons and singular value decomposition". Biological Cybernetics. 59 (4–5): 291–294. doi:10.1007/BF00332918. PMID 3196773. S2CID 206775335. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Sharma, Animesh K.; Sharma, Rahul (2023). "The role of generative pretrained transformers (GPTs) in revolutionising digital marketing: A conceptual model". Journal of Cultural Marketing Strategy. 8 (1): 80–90. doi:10.69554/TLVQ2275.
Luo (et-al), Renqian (April 3, 2023). "BioGPT: Generative pre-trained transformer for biomedical text generation and mining". Briefings in Bioinformatics. 23 (6). arXiv:2210.10341. doi:10.1093/bib/bbac409. PMID 36156661.

epfl.ch

infoscience.epfl.ch

Bourlard, H.; Kamp, Y. (1988). "Auto-association by multilayer perceptrons and singular value decomposition". Biological Cybernetics. 59 (4–5): 291–294. doi:10.1007/BF00332918. PMID 3196773. S2CID 206775335. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2024.

epochai.org

"ML input trends visualization". Epoch. Archived from the original on July 16, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.

escholarship.org

Cottrell, Garrison W.; Munro, Paul; Zipser, David (1987). "Learning Internal Representation From Gray-Scale Images: An Example of Extensional Programming". Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. 9. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.

ethw.org

"First-Hand:The Hidden Markov Model – Engineering and Technology History Wiki". ethw.org. January 12, 2015. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2018.

eweek.com

Robb, Drew (April 12, 2023). "GPT-4 vs. ChatGPT: AI Chatbot Comparison". eWEEK. Archived from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

fastcompany.com

Melendez, Steven (May 4, 2023). "Learning nonprofit Khan Academy is piloting a version of GPT called Khanmigo". Fast Company. Archived from the original on May 11, 2023. Retrieved May 22, 2023.

forbes.com

Toews, Rob. "The Next Generation Of Large Language Models". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. Retrieved April 9, 2023.
Mckendrick, Joe (March 13, 2023). "Most Jobs Soon To Be 'Influenced' By Artificial Intelligence, Research Out Of OpenAI And University Of Pennsylvania Suggests". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 16, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2023.
"The ChatGPT of Finance is Here, Bloomberg is Combining AI and Fintech". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
Marr, Bernard. "Auto-GPT May Be The Strong AI Tool That Surpasses ChatGPT". Forbes. Archived from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.

github.com

finetune-transformer-lm, OpenAI, June 11, 2018, archived from the original on May 19, 2023, retrieved May 1, 2023
gpt-2, OpenAI, May 1, 2023, archived from the original on March 11, 2023, retrieved May 1, 2023

gwern.net

Schmidhuber, Jürgen (1992). "Learning complex, extended sequences using the principle of history compression" (PDF). Neural Computation. 4 (2): 234–242. doi:10.1162/neco.1992.4.2.234. S2CID 18271205.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Elman, Jeffrey L.; Zipser, David (April 1, 1988). "Learning the hidden structure of speech". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 83 (4): 1615–1626. Bibcode:1988ASAJ...83.1615E. doi:10.1121/1.395916. ISSN 0001-4966. PMID 3372872. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Nakano, Reiichiro; Hilton, Jacob; Balaji, Suchir; Wu, Jeff; Ouyang, Long; Kim, Christina; Hesse, Christopher; Jain, Shantanu; Kosaraju, Vineet; Saunders, William; Jiang, Xu; Cobbe, Karl; Eloundou, Tyna; Krueger, Gretchen; Button, Kevin (December 1, 2021). "WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedback". CoRR. arXiv:2112.09332. Archived from the original on July 2, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2023.

infoq.com

Alford, Anthony (July 13, 2021). "EleutherAI Open-Sources Six Billion Parameter GPT-3 Clone GPT-J". InfoQ. Archived from the original on February 10, 2023. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
"Microsoft Open-Sources Multimodal Chatbot Visual ChatGPT". InfoQ. Archived from the original on June 3, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.

infoworld.com

Asay, Matt (February 27, 2023). "Embrace and extend Excel for AI data prep". InfoWorld. Archived from the original on June 2, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.

inta.org

"International Trademark Rights". Archived from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2023.

jstor.org

Juang, B. H.; Rabiner, L. R. (1991). "Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition". Technometrics. 33 (3): 251–272. doi:10.2307/1268779. ISSN 0040-1706. JSTOR 1268779. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.

lexology.com

Demcak, Tramatm-Igor (April 26, 2023). "OpenAI's Battle for Brand Protection: Can GPT be trademarked?". Lexology. Archived from the original on May 5, 2023. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
Rheintgen, Husch Blackwell LLP-Kathleen A. (August 16, 2013). "Branding 101: trademark descriptive fair use". Lexology. Archived from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

libguides.com

hallmark.libguides.com

"LibGuides: Using AI Language Models : ChatGPT". Archived from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 7, 2023.

makeuseof.com

"GPT-1 to GPT-4: Each of OpenAI's GPT Models Explained and Compared". MUO. April 11, 2023. Archived from the original on April 15, 2023. Retrieved May 3, 2023.
"How to Use ChatGPT on Google Sheets With GPT for Sheets and Docs". MUO. March 12, 2023. Archived from the original on June 19, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.

marktechpost.com

Islam, Arham (March 27, 2023). "Multimodal Language Models: The Future of Artificial Intelligence (AI)". Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
Islam, Arham (November 14, 2022). "How Do DALL·E 2, Stable Diffusion, and Midjourney Work?". Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

mashable.com

"Auto-GPT, BabyAGI, and AgentGPT: How to use AI agents". Mashable. April 19, 2023. Archived from the original on July 22, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.

mlr.press

proceedings.mlr.press

Erhan, Dumitru; Courville, Aaron; Bengio, Yoshua; Vincent, Pascal (March 31, 2010). "Why Does Unsupervised Pre-training Help Deep Learning?". Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics. JMLR Workshop and Conference Proceedings: 201–208. Archived from the original on January 24, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2024.

namepepper.com

Ver Meer, Dave (June 1, 2023). "ChatGPT Statistics". NamePepper. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 9, 2023.

neurips.cc

proceedings.neurips.cc

Hinton, Geoffrey E; Zemel, Richard (1993). "Autoencoders, Minimum Description Length and Helmholtz Free Energy". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 6. Morgan-Kaufmann. Archived from the original on August 14, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Vaswani, Ashish; Shazeer, Noam; Parmar, Niki; Uszkoreit, Jakob; Jones, Llion; Gomez, Aidan N; Kaiser, Łukasz; Polosukhin, Illia (2017). "Attention is All you Need" (PDF). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 30. Curran Associates, Inc. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 21, 2024. Retrieved January 28, 2024.
Ouyang, Long; Wu, Jeffrey; Jiang, Xu; Almeida, Diogo; Wainwright, Carroll; Mishkin, Pamela; Zhang, Chong; Agarwal, Sandhini; Slama, Katarina; Ray, Alex; Schulman, John; Hilton, Jacob; Kelton, Fraser; Miller, Luke; Simens, Maddie (December 6, 2022). "Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 35: 27730–27744. arXiv:2203.02155. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Elman, Jeffrey L.; Zipser, David (April 1, 1988). "Learning the hidden structure of speech". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 83 (4): 1615–1626. Bibcode:1988ASAJ...83.1615E. doi:10.1121/1.395916. ISSN 0001-4966. PMID 3372872. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Bourlard, H.; Kamp, Y. (1988). "Auto-association by multilayer perceptrons and singular value decomposition". Biological Cybernetics. 59 (4–5): 291–294. doi:10.1007/BF00332918. PMID 3196773. S2CID 206775335. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Luo (et-al), Renqian (April 3, 2023). "BioGPT: Generative pre-trained transformer for biomedical text generation and mining". Briefings in Bioinformatics. 23 (6). arXiv:2210.10341. doi:10.1093/bib/bbac409. PMID 36156661.

notion.site

yaofu.notion.site

Fu, Yao; Peng, Hao; Khot, Tushar (2022). "How does GPT Obtain its Ability? Tracing Emergent Abilities of Language Models to their Sources". Yao Fu's Notion. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.

openai.com

"Improving language understanding with unsupervised learning". openai.com. June 11, 2018. Archived from the original on March 18, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2023.
"GPT-4". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved December 8, 2023.
"New GPT-3 capabilities: Edit & insert". openai.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
"Aligning language models to follow instructions". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
"Introducing ChatGPT". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
"ChatGPT plugins". openai.com. March 13, 2024. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
OpenAI (April 24, 2023). "Brand Guidelines". Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
"Brand guidelines". Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved November 28, 2023.
"Introducing GPTS". March 13, 2024. Archived from the original on March 20, 2024. Retrieved November 28, 2023.
"GPT-2: 1.5B release". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
"WebGPT: Improving the factual accuracy of language models through web browsing". openai.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
"GPT-4". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
"Hello GPT-4o". OpenAI. May 13, 2024. Archived from the original on May 14, 2024. Retrieved August 8, 2024.
"Introducing GPT-4.5". OpenAI. February 27, 2025. Archived from the original on March 19, 2025. Retrieved March 18, 2025.
"Introducing GPT-4.1 in the API". OpenAI. April 14, 2025. Archived from the original on May 17, 2025. Retrieved April 14, 2025.

cdn.openai.com

Radford, Alec; Narasimhan, Karthik; Salimans, Tim; Sutskever, Ilya (June 11, 2018). "Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training" (PDF). OpenAI. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
OpenAI (2023). "GPT-4 Technical Report" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
GPT-4 System Card Archived April 7, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, OpenAI, March 23, 2023 (Accessed May 22, 2023).

platform.openai.com

"Model index for researchers". OpenAI API. Archived from the original on June 23, 2023. Retrieved June 23, 2023.

pcmag.com

"Meta Debuts AI Language Model, But It's Only for Researchers". PCMAG. February 24, 2023. Archived from the original on July 19, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

pcworld.com

Hachman, Mark (May 4, 2023). "Slack GPT will bring AI chatbots to your conversations". PCWorld. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023.

repec.org

ideas.repec.org

Sharma, Animesh K.; Sharma, Rahul (2023). "The role of generative pretrained transformers (GPTs) in revolutionising digital marketing: A conceptual model". Journal of Cultural Marketing Strategy. 8 (1): 80–90. doi:10.69554/TLVQ2275.

sciencedirect.com

Cottrell, Garrison W. (January 1, 1991), Touretzky, David S.; Elman, Jeffrey L.; Sejnowski, Terrence J.; Hinton, Geoffrey E. (eds.), "Extracting features from faces using compression networks: Face, identity, emotion, and gender recognition using holons", Connectionist Models, Morgan Kaufmann, pp. 328–337, ISBN 978-1-4832-1448-1, archived from the original on October 7, 2024, retrieved October 4, 2024

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hinton (et-al), Geoffrey (October 15, 2012). "Deep neural networks for acoustic modeling in speech recognition" (PDF). IEEE Signal Processing Magazine. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. doi:10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. S2CID 206485943. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 18, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
Deng, Li (January 22, 2014). "A tutorial survey of architectures, algorithms, and applications for deep learning | APSIPA Transactions on Signal and Information Processing | Cambridge Core". Apsipa Transactions on Signal and Information Processing. 3. Cambridge.org: e2. doi:10.1017/atsip.2013.9. S2CID 9928823.
Schmidhuber, Jürgen (1992). "Learning complex, extended sequences using the principle of history compression" (PDF). Neural Computation. 4 (2): 234–242. doi:10.1162/neco.1992.4.2.234. S2CID 18271205.
Bourlard, H.; Kamp, Y. (1988). "Auto-association by multilayer perceptrons and singular value decomposition". Biological Cybernetics. 59 (4–5): 291–294. doi:10.1007/BF00332918. PMID 3196773. S2CID 206775335. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2024.

stanford.edu

hai.stanford.edu

"Introducing the Center for Research on Foundation Models (CRFM)". Stanford HAI. August 18, 2021. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved April 26, 2023.
"Reflections on Foundation Models". hai.stanford.edu. October 18, 2021. Archived from the original on August 15, 2024. Retrieved August 15, 2024.

cs224d.stanford.edu

Hinton (et-al), Geoffrey (October 15, 2012). "Deep neural networks for acoustic modeling in speech recognition" (PDF). IEEE Signal Processing Magazine. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. doi:10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. S2CID 206485943. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 18, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.

crfm.stanford.edu

"Stanford CRFM". crfm.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.

techcrunch.com

Wiggers, Kyle (May 4, 2023). "Microsoft doubles down on AI with new Bing features". Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023.

techmonitor.ai

Morrison, Ryan (March 7, 2023). "Salesforce launches EinsteinGPT built with OpenAI technology". Tech Monitor. Archived from the original on April 15, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2023.
Morrison, Ryan (March 7, 2023). "Salesforce launches EinsteinGPT built with OpenAI technology". Archived from the original on April 15, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2023.

techstartups.com

Louise, Nickie (April 3, 2023). "OpenAI files a UDRP case against the current owner of ChatGPT.com". Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

techtarget.com

Lawton, George (April 20, 2023). "ChatGPT vs. GPT: How are they different? | TechTarget". Enterprise AI. Archived from the original on May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

techtimes.com

"OpenAI Wants to Trademark 'GPT' Amid Rise of AI Chatbots". Tech Times. April 25, 2023. Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

the-decoder.com

"GPT-4 has more than a trillion parameters – Report". March 25, 2023. Archived from the original on March 4, 2024. Retrieved October 23, 2023.

thejournal.com

"Khan Academy Pilots GPT-4 Powered Tool Khanmigo for Teachers". THE Journal. Archived from the original on May 7, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.

theverge.com

Vincent, James (November 7, 2019). "OpenAI has published the text-generating AI it said was too dangerous to share". The Verge. Archived from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
Vincent, James (March 14, 2023). "Google opens up its AI language model PaLM to challenge OpenAI and GPT-3". The Verge. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.

time.com

"The A to Z of Artificial Intelligence". Time. April 13, 2023. Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2023.

towardsai.net

pub.towardsai.net

Hu, Luhui (November 15, 2022). "Generative AI and Future". Medium. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.

uspto.gov

tsdr.uspto.gov

"NONFINAL OFFICE ACTION". USPTO. May 25, 2023. Archived from the original on December 3, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.

web.archive.org

Haddad, Mohammed. "How does GPT-4 work and how can you start using it in ChatGPT?". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on July 5, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2023.
"Generative AI: a game-changer society needs to be ready for". World Economic Forum. January 9, 2023. Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
"The A to Z of Artificial Intelligence". Time. April 13, 2023. Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
Hu, Luhui (November 15, 2022). "Generative AI and Future". Medium. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
"CSDL | IEEE Computer Society". www.computer.org. Archived from the original on April 28, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
"LibGuides: Using AI Language Models : ChatGPT". Archived from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
Toews, Rob. "The Next Generation Of Large Language Models". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. Retrieved April 9, 2023.
Mckendrick, Joe (March 13, 2023). "Most Jobs Soon To Be 'Influenced' By Artificial Intelligence, Research Out Of OpenAI And University Of Pennsylvania Suggests". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 16, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2023.
"Improving language understanding with unsupervised learning". openai.com. June 11, 2018. Archived from the original on March 18, 2023. Retrieved March 18, 2023.
"GPT-1 to GPT-4: Each of OpenAI's GPT Models Explained and Compared". MUO. April 11, 2023. Archived from the original on April 15, 2023. Retrieved May 3, 2023.
"GPT-4". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved December 8, 2023.
Alford, Anthony (July 13, 2021). "EleutherAI Open-Sources Six Billion Parameter GPT-3 Clone GPT-J". InfoQ. Archived from the original on February 10, 2023. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
"News" (Press release). Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
Morrison, Ryan (March 7, 2023). "Salesforce launches EinsteinGPT built with OpenAI technology". Tech Monitor. Archived from the original on April 15, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2023.
"The ChatGPT of Finance is Here, Bloomberg is Combining AI and Fintech". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
Hinton (et-al), Geoffrey (October 15, 2012). "Deep neural networks for acoustic modeling in speech recognition" (PDF). IEEE Signal Processing Magazine. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. doi:10.1109/MSP.2012.2205597. S2CID 206485943. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 18, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
Erhan, Dumitru; Courville, Aaron; Bengio, Yoshua; Vincent, Pascal (March 31, 2010). "Why Does Unsupervised Pre-training Help Deep Learning?". Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics. JMLR Workshop and Conference Proceedings: 201–208. Archived from the original on January 24, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2024.
"First-Hand:The Hidden Markov Model – Engineering and Technology History Wiki". ethw.org. January 12, 2015. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2018.
Juang, B. H.; Rabiner, L. R. (1991). "Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition". Technometrics. 33 (3): 251–272. doi:10.2307/1268779. ISSN 0040-1706. JSTOR 1268779. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Cottrell, Garrison W.; Munro, Paul; Zipser, David (1987). "Learning Internal Representation From Gray-Scale Images: An Example of Extensional Programming". Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. 9. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Cottrell, Garrison W. (January 1, 1991), Touretzky, David S.; Elman, Jeffrey L.; Sejnowski, Terrence J.; Hinton, Geoffrey E. (eds.), "Extracting features from faces using compression networks: Face, identity, emotion, and gender recognition using holons", Connectionist Models, Morgan Kaufmann, pp. 328–337, ISBN 978-1-4832-1448-1, archived from the original on October 7, 2024, retrieved October 4, 2024
Elman, Jeffrey L.; Zipser, David (April 1, 1988). "Learning the hidden structure of speech". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 83 (4): 1615–1626. Bibcode:1988ASAJ...83.1615E. doi:10.1121/1.395916. ISSN 0001-4966. PMID 3372872. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Bourlard, H.; Kamp, Y. (1988). "Auto-association by multilayer perceptrons and singular value decomposition". Biological Cybernetics. 59 (4–5): 291–294. doi:10.1007/BF00332918. PMID 3196773. S2CID 206775335. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Hinton, Geoffrey E; Zemel, Richard (1993). "Autoencoders, Minimum Description Length and Helmholtz Free Energy". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 6. Morgan-Kaufmann. Archived from the original on August 14, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Vaswani, Ashish; Shazeer, Noam; Parmar, Niki; Uszkoreit, Jakob; Jones, Llion; Gomez, Aidan N; Kaiser, Łukasz; Polosukhin, Illia (2017). "Attention is All you Need" (PDF). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 30. Curran Associates, Inc. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 21, 2024. Retrieved January 28, 2024.
Radford, Alec; Narasimhan, Karthik; Salimans, Tim; Sutskever, Ilya (June 11, 2018). "Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training" (PDF). OpenAI. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
Ouyang, Long; Wu, Jeffrey; Jiang, Xu; Almeida, Diogo; Wainwright, Carroll; Mishkin, Pamela; Zhang, Chong; Agarwal, Sandhini; Slama, Katarina; Ray, Alex; Schulman, John; Hilton, Jacob; Kelton, Fraser; Miller, Luke; Simens, Maddie (December 6, 2022). "Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 35: 27730–27744. arXiv:2203.02155. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
"New GPT-3 capabilities: Edit & insert". openai.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
Fu, Yao; Peng, Hao; Khot, Tushar (2022). "How does GPT Obtain its Ability? Tracing Emergent Abilities of Language Models to their Sources". Yao Fu's Notion. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
"Introducing the Center for Research on Foundation Models (CRFM)". Stanford HAI. August 18, 2021. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved April 26, 2023.
"Reflections on Foundation Models". hai.stanford.edu. October 18, 2021. Archived from the original on August 15, 2024. Retrieved August 15, 2024.
OpenAI (2023). "GPT-4 Technical Report" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
Zhu, Yukun; Kiros, Ryan; Zemel, Rich; Salakhutdinov, Ruslan; Urtasun, Raquel; Torralba, Antonio; Fidler, Sanja (2015). Aligning Books and Movies: Towards Story-Like Visual Explanations by Watching Movies and Reading Books. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015. pp. 19–27. arXiv:1506.06724. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
Vincent, James (November 7, 2019). "OpenAI has published the text-generating AI it said was too dangerous to share". The Verge. Archived from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
"ML input trends visualization". Epoch. Archived from the original on July 16, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.
Ver Meer, Dave (June 1, 2023). "ChatGPT Statistics". NamePepper. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
"GPT-4 has more than a trillion parameters – Report". March 25, 2023. Archived from the original on March 4, 2024. Retrieved October 23, 2023.
Vincent, James (March 14, 2023). "Google opens up its AI language model PaLM to challenge OpenAI and GPT-3". The Verge. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
"Google Opens Access to PaLM Language Model". Archived from the original on May 31, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
Iyer, Aparna (November 30, 2022). "Meet GPT-JT, the Closest Open Source Alternative to GPT-3". Analytics India Magazine. Archived from the original on June 2, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
"Meta Debuts AI Language Model, But It's Only for Researchers". PCMAG. February 24, 2023. Archived from the original on July 19, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
Islam, Arham (March 27, 2023). "Multimodal Language Models: The Future of Artificial Intelligence (AI)". Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
Islam, Arham (November 14, 2022). "How Do DALL·E 2, Stable Diffusion, and Midjourney Work?". Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
Saha, Shritama (January 4, 2023). "Google Launches Muse, A New Text-to-Image Transformer Model". Analytics India Magazine. Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
"Aligning language models to follow instructions". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
Ramnani, Meeta (January 28, 2022). "OpenAI dumps its own GPT-3 for something called InstructGPT, and for right reason". Analytics India Magazine. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
"Stanford CRFM". crfm.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
"Free Dolly: Introducing the World's First Truly Open Instruction-Tuned LLM". Databricks. April 12, 2023. Archived from the original on July 14, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
"Introducing ChatGPT". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
Wiggers, Kyle (May 4, 2023). "Microsoft doubles down on AI with new Bing features". Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
"ChatGPT vs. Bing vs. Google Bard: Which AI Is the Most Helpful?". CNET. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved April 30, 2023.
"Auto-GPT, BabyAGI, and AgentGPT: How to use AI agents". Mashable. April 19, 2023. Archived from the original on July 22, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
Marr, Bernard. "Auto-GPT May Be The Strong AI Tool That Surpasses ChatGPT". Forbes. Archived from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
"Microsoft Open-Sources Multimodal Chatbot Visual ChatGPT". InfoQ. Archived from the original on June 3, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
Edwards, Benj (January 9, 2023). "Microsoft's new AI can simulate anyone's voice with 3 seconds of audio". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
Morrison, Ryan (March 7, 2023). "Salesforce launches EinsteinGPT built with OpenAI technology". Archived from the original on April 15, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2023.
Leswing, Kif (April 13, 2023). "Bloomberg plans to integrate GPT-style A.I. into its terminal". CNBC. Archived from the original on May 19, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
Melendez, Steven (May 4, 2023). "Learning nonprofit Khan Academy is piloting a version of GPT called Khanmigo". Fast Company. Archived from the original on May 11, 2023. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
"Khan Academy Pilots GPT-4 Powered Tool Khanmigo for Teachers". THE Journal. Archived from the original on May 7, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
Hachman, Mark (May 4, 2023). "Slack GPT will bring AI chatbots to your conversations". PCWorld. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
John, Amy Sarah (May 5, 2023). "Know about ChatGPT's 13 best plugins, designed to improve your overall user experience". Latest Digital Transformation Trends | Cloud News | Wire19. Archived from the original on May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
"ChatGPT plugins". openai.com. March 13, 2024. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
"How to Use ChatGPT on Google Sheets With GPT for Sheets and Docs". MUO. March 12, 2023. Archived from the original on June 19, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
Asay, Matt (February 27, 2023). "Embrace and extend Excel for AI data prep". InfoWorld. Archived from the original on June 2, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
Hicks, William (May 10, 2023). "ChatGPT creator OpenAI is asking startups to remove 'GPT' from their names". The Business Journal. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
OpenAI (April 24, 2023). "Brand Guidelines". Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
"Brand guidelines". Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved November 28, 2023.
"Introducing GPTS". March 13, 2024. Archived from the original on March 20, 2024. Retrieved November 28, 2023.
Heah, Alexa (April 26, 2023). "OpenAI Unsuccessful At Speeding Up Its Attempt To Trademark 'GPT'". DesignTAXI. Archived from the original on April 26, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
"NONFINAL OFFICE ACTION". USPTO. May 25, 2023. Archived from the original on December 3, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
"U.S. Trademark Law". December 2015. Archived from the original on January 17, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
"International Trademark Rights". Archived from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
"OpenAI Wants to Trademark 'GPT' Amid Rise of AI Chatbots". Tech Times. April 25, 2023. Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
Louise, Nickie (April 3, 2023). "OpenAI files a UDRP case against the current owner of ChatGPT.com". Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
Demcak, Tramatm-Igor (April 26, 2023). "OpenAI's Battle for Brand Protection: Can GPT be trademarked?". Lexology. Archived from the original on May 5, 2023. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
Lawton, George (April 20, 2023). "ChatGPT vs. GPT: How are they different? | TechTarget". Enterprise AI. Archived from the original on May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
Robb, Drew (April 12, 2023). "GPT-4 vs. ChatGPT: AI Chatbot Comparison". eWEEK. Archived from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
Russo, Philip (August 22, 2023). "The Genesis of Generative AI for Everything Everywhere All at Once in CRE". Commercial Observer. Archived from the original on August 24, 2023.
"Trademark infringement". Archived from the original on November 30, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
Rheintgen, Husch Blackwell LLP-Kathleen A. (August 16, 2013). "Branding 101: trademark descriptive fair use". Lexology. Archived from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
finetune-transformer-lm, OpenAI, June 11, 2018, archived from the original on May 19, 2023, retrieved May 1, 2023
"GPT-2: 1.5B release". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
gpt-2, OpenAI, May 1, 2023, archived from the original on March 11, 2023, retrieved May 1, 2023
"WebGPT: Improving the factual accuracy of language models through web browsing". openai.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
Nakano, Reiichiro; Hilton, Jacob; Balaji, Suchir; Wu, Jeff; Ouyang, Long; Kim, Christina; Hesse, Christopher; Jain, Shantanu; Kosaraju, Vineet; Saunders, William; Jiang, Xu; Cobbe, Karl; Eloundou, Tyna; Krueger, Gretchen; Button, Kevin (December 1, 2021). "WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedback". CoRR. arXiv:2112.09332. Archived from the original on July 2, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
"GPT-4". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
GPT-4 System Card Archived April 7, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, OpenAI, March 23, 2023 (Accessed May 22, 2023).
"Hello GPT-4o". OpenAI. May 13, 2024. Archived from the original on May 14, 2024. Retrieved August 8, 2024.
"Introducing GPT-4.5". OpenAI. February 27, 2025. Archived from the original on March 19, 2025. Retrieved March 18, 2025.
"Introducing GPT-4.1 in the API". OpenAI. April 14, 2025. Archived from the original on May 17, 2025. Retrieved April 14, 2025.

weforum.org

"Generative AI: a game-changer society needs to be ready for". World Economic Forum. January 9, 2023. Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved April 8, 2023.

wire19.com

John, Amy Sarah (May 5, 2023). "Know about ChatGPT's 13 best plugins, designed to improve your overall user experience". Latest Digital Transformation Trends | Cloud News | Wire19. Archived from the original on May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Juang, B. H.; Rabiner, L. R. (1991). "Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition". Technometrics. 33 (3): 251–272. doi:10.2307/1268779. ISSN 0040-1706. JSTOR 1268779. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
Elman, Jeffrey L.; Zipser, David (April 1, 1988). "Learning the hidden structure of speech". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 83 (4): 1615–1626. Bibcode:1988ASAJ...83.1615E. doi:10.1121/1.395916. ISSN 0001-4966. PMID 3372872. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.