Geology of the Grand Canyon area (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Geology of the Grand Canyon area" in English language version.

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Flowers, R. M.; Farley, K. A. (2012). "Apatite ⁴He/³He and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient Grand Canyon". Science. 338 (6114): 1616–1619. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1616F. doi:10.1126/science.1229390. PMID 23196906. S2CID 32277486.
"Debate rages over Grand Canyon's origins". 3 News. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on October 31, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.

archive.org

Increased precipitation also allowed evergreen forests, in modern times limited to an elevation of 7,000 feet (2,100 m), to extend well into the canyon.(Price 1999, p. 42) Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 23 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 24 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 28 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 50 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 29 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 30 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 31 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 32 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 33 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 36 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 39 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 47 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 58 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 54 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 40 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 41 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.
Price 1999, p. 57 Price, L. Greer (1999). Geology of the Grand Canyon. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association. ISBN 0-938216-68-6.

books.google.com

The Grand Canyon region gently slopes southward, so water on the North Rim flows into the canyon and water on the South Rim tends to flow away. Tributary canyons are therefore larger north of Grand Canyon and smaller south of it. Grand Canyon Village on the South Rim is located 2 miles (3.2 km) from the Colorado River and 4,460 feet (1,360 m) above it while Bright Angel Point on the North Rim is located 7.75 miles (12.47 km) from the river and is 5,940 feet (1,810 m) above it.(Chronic 2004, p. 98) Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.
Chronic 2004, p. 100 Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.
Chronic 2004, p. 101 Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.
Chronic 2004, p. 102 Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.
Chronic 2004, p. 103 Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.
Chronic 2004, p. 104 Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.
Chronic 2004, p. 105 Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.
Chronic 2004, p. 98 Chronic, Halka and Lucy (2004). Pages of Stone: Geology of the Grand Canyon and Plateau Country National Parks and Monuments (2nd ed.). The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 0-89886-680-4.

doi.org

Karlstrom, K., Crossey, L., Mathis, A., and Bowman, C., 2021. Telling time at Grand Canyon National Park: 2020 update. Natural Resource Report NPS/GRCA/NRR—2021/2246. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. 36 pp.
Blakey, Ronald C. (1990). "Geologic history of Pennsylvanian and Permian rocks, Mogollon Rim region, central Arizona and vicinity". GSA Bulletin. 102 (9). Geological Society of America Bulletin: 1189–1217. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<1189:SAGHOP>2.3.CO;2.
Flowers, R. M.; Farley, K. A. (2012). "Apatite ⁴He/³He and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient Grand Canyon". Science. 338 (6114): 1616–1619. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1616F. doi:10.1126/science.1229390. PMID 23196906. S2CID 32277486.
"Debate rages over Grand Canyon's origins". 3 News. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on October 31, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
Karlstrom, K. E.; Crow, R. S.; Peters, L.; McIntosh, W.; Raucci, J.; Crossey, L. J.; Umhoefer, P.; Dunbar, N. (2007). "40Ar/39Ar and field studies of Quaternary basalts in Grand Canyon and model for carving Grand Canyon: Quantifying the interaction of river incision and normal faulting across the western edge of the Colorado Plateau". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 119 (11–12): 1283–1312. Bibcode:2007GSAB..119.1283K. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2007)119[1283:AAFSOQ]2.0.CO;2.
Fenton, Cassandra R.; Poreda, Robert J.; Nash, Barbara P.; Webb, Robert H.; Cerling, Thure E. (2004). "Geochemical Discrimination of Five Pleistocene Lava-Dam Outburst-Flood Deposits, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona". The Journal of Geology. 112 (1): 91–110. Bibcode:2004JG....112...91F. doi:10.1086/379694. OCLC 277253648. S2CID 53339467.

flickr.com

Yavapai Geology Museum by NPS

gsapubs.org

gsabulletin.gsapubs.org

Blakey, Ronald C. (1990). "Geologic history of Pennsylvanian and Permian rocks, Mogollon Rim region, central Arizona and vicinity". GSA Bulletin. 102 (9). Geological Society of America Bulletin: 1189–1217. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<1189:SAGHOP>2.3.CO;2.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Flowers, R. M.; Farley, K. A. (2012). "Apatite ⁴He/³He and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient Grand Canyon". Science. 338 (6114): 1616–1619. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1616F. doi:10.1126/science.1229390. PMID 23196906. S2CID 32277486.
"Debate rages over Grand Canyon's origins". 3 News. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on October 31, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
Karlstrom, K. E.; Crow, R. S.; Peters, L.; McIntosh, W.; Raucci, J.; Crossey, L. J.; Umhoefer, P.; Dunbar, N. (2007). "40Ar/39Ar and field studies of Quaternary basalts in Grand Canyon and model for carving Grand Canyon: Quantifying the interaction of river incision and normal faulting across the western edge of the Colorado Plateau". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 119 (11–12): 1283–1312. Bibcode:2007GSAB..119.1283K. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2007)119[1283:AAFSOQ]2.0.CO;2.
Fenton, Cassandra R.; Poreda, Robert J.; Nash, Barbara P.; Webb, Robert H.; Cerling, Thure E. (2004). "Geochemical Discrimination of Five Pleistocene Lava-Dam Outburst-Flood Deposits, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona". The Journal of Geology. 112 (1): 91–110. Bibcode:2004JG....112...91F. doi:10.1086/379694. OCLC 277253648. S2CID 53339467.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Flowers, R. M.; Farley, K. A. (2012). "Apatite ⁴He/³He and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient Grand Canyon". Science. 338 (6114): 1616–1619. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1616F. doi:10.1126/science.1229390. PMID 23196906. S2CID 32277486.
"Debate rages over Grand Canyon's origins". 3 News. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on October 31, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.

nps.gov

www2.nature.nps.gov

An exception is the slight effect that uplifts, upwarps and swells created by earlier phases of the Laramide orogeny have. For example, formations exposed on the South Rim are 800 feet (240 m) lower than the same formations on the North Rim because the North Rim is closer to the highest part of the Kaibab Uplift.(Foos 1999, p. 1) Foos, Annabelle (1999). "Geology of Grand Canyon National Park, North Rim" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-10-10. Retrieved 2008-08-11.

nps.gov

"There's Only One Grand Canyon" (PDF). National Park Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 19, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2009.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Flowers, R. M.; Farley, K. A. (2012). "Apatite ⁴He/³He and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient Grand Canyon". Science. 338 (6114): 1616–1619. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1616F. doi:10.1126/science.1229390. PMID 23196906. S2CID 32277486.
"Debate rages over Grand Canyon's origins". 3 News. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on October 31, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
Fenton, Cassandra R.; Poreda, Robert J.; Nash, Barbara P.; Webb, Robert H.; Cerling, Thure E. (2004). "Geochemical Discrimination of Five Pleistocene Lava-Dam Outburst-Flood Deposits, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona". The Journal of Geology. 112 (1): 91–110. Bibcode:2004JG....112...91F. doi:10.1086/379694. OCLC 277253648. S2CID 53339467.

unm.edu

tot.unm.edu

"Trail of Time | The University of New Mexico". tot.unm.edu.

usgs.gov

walrus.wr.usgs.gov

Torresan, Laura Zink. "Grand Canyon Studies: Glen Canyon Dam". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2009-09-21. Retrieved 2009-08-30.
Torresan, Laura Zink. "Effects of Glen Canyon Dam on Water in the Colorado River". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2009-05-12. Retrieved 2009-08-30.
Torresan, Laura Zink. "Controlled Flood". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2013-04-11. Retrieved 2009-08-30.

3dparks.wr.usgs.gov

"Muav Limestone". Geology of National Parks, 3D and Photographic Tours. USGS. January 20, 2015. Archived from the original on November 22, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015.

utah.edu

sed.utah.edu

"Kaibab Limestone". Geology and Geophysics Department, University of Utah. 2010. Archived from the original on January 12, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2015.

web.archive.org

An exception is the slight effect that uplifts, upwarps and swells created by earlier phases of the Laramide orogeny have. For example, formations exposed on the South Rim are 800 feet (240 m) lower than the same formations on the North Rim because the North Rim is closer to the highest part of the Kaibab Uplift.(Foos 1999, p. 1) Foos, Annabelle (1999). "Geology of Grand Canyon National Park, North Rim" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-10-10. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
"There's Only One Grand Canyon" (PDF). National Park Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 19, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
"Muav Limestone". Geology of National Parks, 3D and Photographic Tours. USGS. January 20, 2015. Archived from the original on November 22, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
"Kaibab Limestone". Geology and Geophysics Department, University of Utah. 2010. Archived from the original on January 12, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
Flowers, R. M.; Farley, K. A. (2012). "Apatite ⁴He/³He and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient Grand Canyon". Science. 338 (6114): 1616–1619. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1616F. doi:10.1126/science.1229390. PMID 23196906. S2CID 32277486.
"Debate rages over Grand Canyon's origins". 3 News. December 3, 2012. Archived from the original on October 31, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
Torresan, Laura Zink. "Grand Canyon Studies: Glen Canyon Dam". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2009-09-21. Retrieved 2009-08-30.
Torresan, Laura Zink. "Effects of Glen Canyon Dam on Water in the Colorado River". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2009-05-12. Retrieved 2009-08-30.
Torresan, Laura Zink. "Controlled Flood". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2013-04-11. Retrieved 2009-08-30.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Fenton, Cassandra R.; Poreda, Robert J.; Nash, Barbara P.; Webb, Robert H.; Cerling, Thure E. (2004). "Geochemical Discrimination of Five Pleistocene Lava-Dam Outburst-Flood Deposits, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona". The Journal of Geology. 112 (1): 91–110. Bibcode:2004JG....112...91F. doi:10.1086/379694. OCLC 277253648. S2CID 53339467.