German Shepherd (English Wikipedia)

Skabelund, Aaron (June 2008). "Breeding racism: The imperial battlefields of the 'German' shepherd dog" (PDF). Society and Animals. 16 (4): 355. doi:10.1163/156853008X357676 – via AnimalsAndSociety.org.
Bailey, Chad M.; Hinchcliff, Katharine M.; Moore, Zachary; Pu, Lee L.Q. (November 2020). "Dog Bites in the United States from 1971 to 2018: A Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed Literature". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 146 (5): 1166–1176. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000007253. PMID 33136964. S2CID 225080998.
Steffen, F.; Hunold, K.; Scharf, G.; Roos, M.; Flückiger, M. (2007). "A follow-up study of neurologic and radiographic findings in working German Shepherd Dogs with and without degenerative lumbosacral stenosis". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 231 (10): 1529–1533. doi:10.2460/javma.231.10.1529. PMID 18020994.
McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484.
Teng, Kendy Tzu-yun; Brodbelt, Dave C.; Pegram, Camilla; Church, David B.; O’Neill, Dan G. (28 April 2022). "Life tables of annual life expectancy and mortality for companion dogs in the United Kingdom". Scientific Reports. 12 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10341-6. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9050668.
Roccaro, Mariana; Salini, Romolo; Pietra, Marco; Sgorbini, Micaela; Gori, Eleonora; Dondi, Maurizio; Crisi, Paolo E.; Conte, Annamaria; Dalla Villa, Paolo; Podaliri, Michele; Ciaramella, Paolo; Di Palma, Cristina; Passantino, Annamaria; Porciello, Francesco; Gianella, Paola; Guglielmini, Carlo; Alborali, Giovanni L.; Rota Nodari, Sara; Sabatelli, Sonia; Peli, Angelo (2024). "Factors related to longevity and mortality of dogs in Italy". Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 225. Elsevier BV: 106155. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106155. ISSN 0167-5877.
Egenvall, A; Bonnett, Bn; Hedhammar, å; Olson, P (30 September 2005). "Mortality in over 350,000 Insured Swedish Dogs from 1995–2000: II. Breed-Specific Age and Survival Patterns and Relative Risk for Causes of Death". Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 46 (3). doi:10.1186/1751-0147-46-121. ISSN 1751-0147. PMC 1624818. PMID 16261925.
Holder, A. L.; Price, J. A.; Adams, J. P.; Volk, H. A.; Catchpole, B. (2014). "A retrospective study of the prevalence of the canine degenerative myelopathy associated superoxide dismutase 1 mutation (SOD1:c.118G > A) in a referral population of German Shepherd dogs from the UK" (PDF). Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 1: 10. doi:10.1186/2052-6687-1-10. PMC 4579386. PMID 26401327. S2CID 10326107.
Fels, L.; Distl, O. (2014). "Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for canine hip dysplasia (CHD) in German shepherd dogs". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): 1–8. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...996618F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096618. PMC 4011879. PMID 24802516.
Ondreka, N.; Amort, K.H.; Stock, K.F.; Tellhelm, B.; Klumpp, S.W.; Kramer, M.; Schmidt, M.J. (2013). "Skeletal morpohology and morphometry of the lumbosacral junction in German shepherd dogs and an evaluation of the possible genetic basis for radiographic findings". The Veterinary Journal. 196 (1): 64–70. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.07.015. PMID 22921082.
Peterson, S.G.; Beyer, N.; Hansen, M.; Holm, L.; Aagaard, P.; Mackey, A. L.; Kjaer, M. (2011). "Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug or glucosamine reduced pain and improved muscle strength with resistance training in a randomized controlled trial of knee osteroarthritis patients". Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 92 (8): 1185–1193. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.03.009. PMID 21807137.
Wenz, W.; Hornung, C.; Cramer, C.; Schroeder, M.; Hoffmann, M. (2016). "Effect of glucosamine sulfate on osteoarthritis in the cruciate-deficient canine model of osteoarthritis". Cartilage. 8 (2): 173–179. doi:10.1177/1947603516638898. PMC 5358821. PMID 28345412.
Buddhachat, K.; Siengdee, P.; Chomdej, S.; Soontornvipart, K.; Nganvongpanit, K. (2017). "Effects of different omega-3 sources, fish oil, krill oil, and green-lipped mussel against cytokine-mediated canine cartilage degradation". In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal. 53 (5): 448–457. doi:10.1007/s11626-016-0125-y. PMID 28078500. S2CID 3840847.
Mehler, S.; May, L.; King, C.; Harris, W.; Shah, Z. (2016). "A prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on the clinical signs and erythrocyte membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in dogs with osteoarthritis". Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA). 109 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2016.03.015. PMID 27269707.
Minami, S.; Hata, M.; Tamai, Y.; Hashida, M.; Takayama, T.; Yamamoto, S.; Okada, M.; Funatsu, T.; Tsuka, T.; Imagawa, T.; Okamoto, Y. (2011). "Clinical application of D-glucosamine and scale collagen peptide on canine and feline orthopedic diseases and spondylitis deformans". Carbohydrate Polymers. 84 (2): 831–834. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.06.021.
Voorbij, Annemarie M. W. Y.; van Steenbeek, Frank G.; Vos-Loohuis, Manon; Martens, Ellen E. C. P.; Hanson-Nilsson, Jeanette M.; van Oost, Bernard A.; Kooistra, Hans S.; Leegwater, Peter A. (23 November 2011). "A Contracted DNA Repeat in LHX3 Intron 5 Is Associated with Aberrant Splicing and Pituitary Dwarfism in German Shepherd Dogs". PLoS ONE. 6 (11): e27940. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027940. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3223203. PMID 22132174.

eleconomista.es

"Armas de Versace, rubíes y diamantes: el lujo de los narcos mexicanos". Eleconomista.es. 8 January 2010. Retrieved 22 January 2018.

fci.be

FCI breeds nomenclature: Deutscher Schäferhund (166). Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Accessed January 2022.

germanculture.com.ua

"German Shepherd – The Ultimate Service Dog". German Culture. Retrieved 15 July 2008.

germanshepherddog.com

"USA German Shepherd Dog Standard". United Schutzhund Clubs of America. Archived from the original on 10 June 2008.

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"History of the breed". German Shepherds.com. 30 December 2007. Archived from the original on 1 June 2008.

go.com

abcnews.go.com

"Can the German Shepherd Be Saved?". ABC News. 28 October 2011. Retrieved 21 August 2018.

google.it

books.google.it

Axel Wehrend (editor) (2014). Neonatologie beim Hund: Von der Geburt bis zum Absetzen (in German). Hannover: Schlütersche. ISBN 9783842685178.

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"GSD Breed Council – Haemophilia 'A' Testing". Gsdbreedcouncil.co.uk. Retrieved 29 October 2017.

gsdca.org

"German Shepherd Dog and Puppy Training Tips from the German Shepherd Dog Club of America". gsdca.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 2 March 2018.

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"Guide Dog Breeding and Whelping". Dog Programs. Guide Dogs for the Blind. 2011. Archived from the original on 14 April 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2013.

guidedogs.org.uk

"Our breeds". Guide Dogs for the Blind Association. 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.

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"Breeds and Matching Process". An International Guiding Eyes Program. Guide Dogs of America. 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2010. Retrieved 21 July 2013.

harvard.edu

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Fels, L.; Distl, O. (2014). "Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for canine hip dysplasia (CHD) in German shepherd dogs". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): 1–8. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...996618F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096618. PMC 4011879. PMID 24802516.

highlandcanine.com

Staff, HK9 (31 January 2021). "15 Of The Fastest Dog Breeds In The World". Highland Canine Training. Retrieved 10 March 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bailey, Chad M.; Hinchcliff, Katharine M.; Moore, Zachary; Pu, Lee L.Q. (November 2020). "Dog Bites in the United States from 1971 to 2018: A Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed Literature". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 146 (5): 1166–1176. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000007253. PMID 33136964. S2CID 225080998.
Steffen, F.; Hunold, K.; Scharf, G.; Roos, M.; Flückiger, M. (2007). "A follow-up study of neurologic and radiographic findings in working German Shepherd Dogs with and without degenerative lumbosacral stenosis". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 231 (10): 1529–1533. doi:10.2460/javma.231.10.1529. PMID 18020994.
Perry, L. R.; MacLennan, B.; Korven, R.; Rawlings, T. A. (February 2017). "Epidemiological study of dogs with otitis externa in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia". Can Vet J. 58 (2): 168–174. PMC 5234316. PMID 28216686.
Egenvall, A; Bonnett, Bn; Hedhammar, å; Olson, P (30 September 2005). "Mortality in over 350,000 Insured Swedish Dogs from 1995–2000: II. Breed-Specific Age and Survival Patterns and Relative Risk for Causes of Death". Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 46 (3). doi:10.1186/1751-0147-46-121. ISSN 1751-0147. PMC 1624818. PMID 16261925.
Holder, A. L.; Price, J. A.; Adams, J. P.; Volk, H. A.; Catchpole, B. (2014). "A retrospective study of the prevalence of the canine degenerative myelopathy associated superoxide dismutase 1 mutation (SOD1:c.118G > A) in a referral population of German Shepherd dogs from the UK" (PDF). Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 1: 10. doi:10.1186/2052-6687-1-10. PMC 4579386. PMID 26401327. S2CID 10326107.
Fels, L.; Distl, O. (2014). "Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for canine hip dysplasia (CHD) in German shepherd dogs". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): 1–8. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...996618F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096618. PMC 4011879. PMID 24802516.
Ondreka, N.; Amort, K.H.; Stock, K.F.; Tellhelm, B.; Klumpp, S.W.; Kramer, M.; Schmidt, M.J. (2013). "Skeletal morpohology and morphometry of the lumbosacral junction in German shepherd dogs and an evaluation of the possible genetic basis for radiographic findings". The Veterinary Journal. 196 (1): 64–70. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.07.015. PMID 22921082.
Peterson, S.G.; Beyer, N.; Hansen, M.; Holm, L.; Aagaard, P.; Mackey, A. L.; Kjaer, M. (2011). "Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug or glucosamine reduced pain and improved muscle strength with resistance training in a randomized controlled trial of knee osteroarthritis patients". Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 92 (8): 1185–1193. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.03.009. PMID 21807137.
Wenz, W.; Hornung, C.; Cramer, C.; Schroeder, M.; Hoffmann, M. (2016). "Effect of glucosamine sulfate on osteoarthritis in the cruciate-deficient canine model of osteoarthritis". Cartilage. 8 (2): 173–179. doi:10.1177/1947603516638898. PMC 5358821. PMID 28345412.
Buddhachat, K.; Siengdee, P.; Chomdej, S.; Soontornvipart, K.; Nganvongpanit, K. (2017). "Effects of different omega-3 sources, fish oil, krill oil, and green-lipped mussel against cytokine-mediated canine cartilage degradation". In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal. 53 (5): 448–457. doi:10.1007/s11626-016-0125-y. PMID 28078500. S2CID 3840847.
Mehler, S.; May, L.; King, C.; Harris, W.; Shah, Z. (2016). "A prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on the clinical signs and erythrocyte membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in dogs with osteoarthritis". Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA). 109 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2016.03.015. PMID 27269707.
Voorbij, Annemarie M. W. Y.; van Steenbeek, Frank G.; Vos-Loohuis, Manon; Martens, Ellen E. C. P.; Hanson-Nilsson, Jeanette M.; van Oost, Bernard A.; Kooistra, Hans S.; Leegwater, Peter A. (23 November 2011). "A Contracted DNA Repeat in LHX3 Intron 5 Is Associated with Aberrant Splicing and Pituitary Dwarfism in German Shepherd Dogs". PLoS ONE. 6 (11): e27940. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027940. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3223203. PMID 22132174.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Perry, L. R.; MacLennan, B.; Korven, R.; Rawlings, T. A. (February 2017). "Epidemiological study of dogs with otitis externa in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia". Can Vet J. 58 (2): 168–174. PMC 5234316. PMID 28216686.
McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484.
Teng, Kendy Tzu-yun; Brodbelt, Dave C.; Pegram, Camilla; Church, David B.; O’Neill, Dan G. (28 April 2022). "Life tables of annual life expectancy and mortality for companion dogs in the United Kingdom". Scientific Reports. 12 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10341-6. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9050668.
Egenvall, A; Bonnett, Bn; Hedhammar, å; Olson, P (30 September 2005). "Mortality in over 350,000 Insured Swedish Dogs from 1995–2000: II. Breed-Specific Age and Survival Patterns and Relative Risk for Causes of Death". Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 46 (3). doi:10.1186/1751-0147-46-121. ISSN 1751-0147. PMC 1624818. PMID 16261925.
Holder, A. L.; Price, J. A.; Adams, J. P.; Volk, H. A.; Catchpole, B. (2014). "A retrospective study of the prevalence of the canine degenerative myelopathy associated superoxide dismutase 1 mutation (SOD1:c.118G > A) in a referral population of German Shepherd dogs from the UK" (PDF). Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 1: 10. doi:10.1186/2052-6687-1-10. PMC 4579386. PMID 26401327. S2CID 10326107.
Fels, L.; Distl, O. (2014). "Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for canine hip dysplasia (CHD) in German shepherd dogs". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): 1–8. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...996618F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096618. PMC 4011879. PMID 24802516.
Wenz, W.; Hornung, C.; Cramer, C.; Schroeder, M.; Hoffmann, M. (2016). "Effect of glucosamine sulfate on osteoarthritis in the cruciate-deficient canine model of osteoarthritis". Cartilage. 8 (2): 173–179. doi:10.1177/1947603516638898. PMC 5358821. PMID 28345412.
Voorbij, Annemarie M. W. Y.; van Steenbeek, Frank G.; Vos-Loohuis, Manon; Martens, Ellen E. C. P.; Hanson-Nilsson, Jeanette M.; van Oost, Bernard A.; Kooistra, Hans S.; Leegwater, Peter A. (23 November 2011). "A Contracted DNA Repeat in LHX3 Intron 5 Is Associated with Aberrant Splicing and Pituitary Dwarfism in German Shepherd Dogs". PLoS ONE. 6 (11): e27940. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027940. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3223203. PMID 22132174.

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Holder, A. L.; Price, J. A.; Adams, J. P.; Volk, H. A.; Catchpole, B. (2014). "A retrospective study of the prevalence of the canine degenerative myelopathy associated superoxide dismutase 1 mutation (SOD1:c.118G > A) in a referral population of German Shepherd dogs from the UK" (PDF). Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 1: 10. doi:10.1186/2052-6687-1-10. PMC 4579386. PMID 26401327. S2CID 10326107.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Bailey, Chad M.; Hinchcliff, Katharine M.; Moore, Zachary; Pu, Lee L.Q. (November 2020). "Dog Bites in the United States from 1971 to 2018: A Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed Literature". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 146 (5): 1166–1176. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000007253. PMID 33136964. S2CID 225080998.
Holder, A. L.; Price, J. A.; Adams, J. P.; Volk, H. A.; Catchpole, B. (2014). "A retrospective study of the prevalence of the canine degenerative myelopathy associated superoxide dismutase 1 mutation (SOD1:c.118G > A) in a referral population of German Shepherd dogs from the UK" (PDF). Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 1: 10. doi:10.1186/2052-6687-1-10. PMC 4579386. PMID 26401327. S2CID 10326107.
Buddhachat, K.; Siengdee, P.; Chomdej, S.; Soontornvipart, K.; Nganvongpanit, K. (2017). "Effects of different omega-3 sources, fish oil, krill oil, and green-lipped mussel against cytokine-mediated canine cartilage degradation". In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal. 53 (5): 448–457. doi:10.1007/s11626-016-0125-y. PMID 28078500. S2CID 3840847.

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"Breed Standard — German Shepherd". New Zealand Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 19 July 2008. While the dog should be approachable and friendly, he does not make immediate friendships with strangers.
"Reported Dog Attack Survey" (PDF). New South Wales Department of Local Government. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
"Council Reports of Dog Attacks in NSW 2011/2012" (PDF). New South Wales Department of Local Government. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
Harder, Aimee. "GSD vs. WGSD – It's not a black or white issue!". White German Shepherd Dog Club of America. Archived from the original on 10 January 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2008. As Max von Stephanitz stated, 'A pleasing appearance is desirable, but it can not put the dog's working ability into question.' [...] Max pounded the issue that the German Shepherd was a working breed first and foremost.
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"German Shepherd Dogs – Judges Training Programme". The Kennel Club. 16 February 2010. Archived from the original on 19 October 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
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"Breeds and Matching Process". An International Guiding Eyes Program. Guide Dogs of America. 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2010. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
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"Degenerative Myelopathy German Shepherd Dogs". University of Florida 1998. Archived from the original on 25 July 2008. Retrieved 11 April 2009.
"Genetic welfare problems of companion animals – Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency". Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. Archived from the original on 24 March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
"List of films with German Shepherds". Archived from the original on 16 February 2015.

wgsdca.org

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Harder, Aimee. "GSD vs. WGSD – It's not a black or white issue!". White German Shepherd Dog Club of America. Archived from the original on 10 January 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2008. As Max von Stephanitz stated, 'A pleasing appearance is desirable, but it can not put the dog's working ability into question.' [...] Max pounded the issue that the German Shepherd was a working breed first and foremost.

whitepawsgsr.com

"About the Breed". White Paws: German Shepherd. Archived from the original on 29 August 2008. Retrieved 15 July 2008.

worldcat.org

McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484.
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