Glottalic theory (English Wikipedia)

Byrd (2015:10) Byrd, Andrew Miles (2015), "The Phonology of Proto-Indo-European" (PDF), in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.), Comparative Indo-European Linguistics. An International Handbook of Language Comparison and the Reconstruction of Indo-European, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter

archive.org

Fortson, Benjamin W. IV (2010). Indo-European Language and Culture (2nd ed.). Malden: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. pp. 59–60. ISBN 9781405188951. OCLC 1451651370.
Blust, Robert A. (1974). "A double counter-universal in Kelabit". Papers in Linguistics. 7 (3–4): 309–324. doi:10.1080/08351817409370376. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2015.
Masica, Colin P. (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-521-23420-7. OCLC 18947567. ARK ark:/13960/s2b9htt5ths.
Bomhard, Allan (2023). A Comprehensive Introduction to Nostratic Comparative Linguistics (5th ed.). p. 66. ARK ark:/13960/t5hb1n04f.

books.google.com

Clackson (2007:48) Clackson, James (18 October 2007). Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. pp. 40–49. ISBN 9781139467346. OCLC 123113761.
Schirru, Giancarlo (1 January 2012). "Laryngeal Features of Armenian Dialects". In Whitehead, Benedicte Nielsen; Olander, Thomas; Olsen, Birgit Anette; Rasmussen, Jens Elmegård (eds.). The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics. Museum Tusculanum Press. p. 435. ISBN 9788763538381.

daberi.org

Fallon, Paul D. (2003). Written at New Brunswick. Akinlabi, A. Akinbiyi; Adesola, O. (eds.). The Best is Not Good Enough: Scouring a Previously Documented Language For More (PDF). World Congress of African Linguistics. Proceedings, 4th World Congress of African Linguistics. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe (published 2004). pp. 469–478. S2CID 55167291.

doi.org

Gamkrelidze & Ivanov (1973) Gamkrelidze, Tamaz V.; Ivanov, Vyacheslav (1973). "Sprachtypologie und die Rekonstruktion der gemeinindogermanischen Verschlüsse". Phonetica (in German). 27 (3): 150–156. doi:10.1159/000259433. S2CID 145321224.
Vennemann (2006) Vennemann, Theo (August 2006). "Grimm's Law and loanwords". Transactions of the Phililogical Society. 104 (2): 129–166. doi:10.1111/j.1467-968X.2006.00170.x.
Blust, Robert A. (1974). "A double counter-universal in Kelabit". Papers in Linguistics. 7 (3–4): 309–324. doi:10.1080/08351817409370376. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2015.
Hopper, Paul J. (1981). Arbeitman, Yoël L.; Bomhard, Allan R. (eds.). ""Decem" and "Taihyn" languages: An Indo-European isogloss". Current Issues in Linguistics Theory. 16. John Benjamins Publishing Company: 133–142. doi:10.1075/cilt.16.17hop.
Gamkrelidze & Ivanov (1973) and Gamkrelidze & Ivanov (1995:5–70) Gamkrelidze, Tamaz V.; Ivanov, Vyacheslav (1973). "Sprachtypologie und die Rekonstruktion der gemeinindogermanischen Verschlüsse". Phonetica (in German). 27 (3): 150–156. doi:10.1159/000259433. S2CID 145321224. Gamkrelidze, Tamaz V.; Ivanov, Vyacheslav (1995). Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. Translated by Nichols, Johanna. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783110815030. ISBN 978-3-11-014728-5.
García (1997) García, Javier Martínez (1997). "Tipología frente a tipología. Nuevos frentes de la hipótesis glotálica" (PDF). Revista Española de Lingüística (in Spanish). 27 (1). Sociedad Española de Lingüística: 115–134. doi:10.31810/RSEL.27.1. eISSN 2254-8769. ISSN 0210-1874.
Barrack (2002) and Barrack (2003) Barrack, Charles M. (2002). "The Glottalic Theory revisited: a negative appraisal". Indogermanische Forschungen. 107 (1): 76–95. doi:10.1515/if-2002-0104. Barrack, Charles M. (2003). "The Glottalic Theory revisited: a negative appraisal. Part II: The typological fallacy underlying the Glottalic Theory". Indogermanische Forschungen. 108: 1–16. doi:10.1515/9783110243482.1.
Fallon, Paul D. (2003). "Chapter 6: Ejective Voicing". The Synchronic and Diachronic Phonology of Ejectives. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315023809. ISBN 978-1-136-71245-6.
Beekes & de Vaan (2011:119 & 128–129) Beekes, Robert S. P.; de Vaan, Michiel (2011). Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An introduction (2nd ed.). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co. doi:10.1075/z.172. ISBN 9789027285003. OCLC 123113761.
Kobayashi, M. (2010). "KÜMMEL, MARTIN JOACHIM: Konsonantenwandel". Kratylos. 55 (1): 45–54. doi:10.29091/kratylos/2010/1/5. ISSN 0023-4567.

dx.doi.org

Kobayashi, M. (2010). "KÜMMEL, MARTIN JOACHIM: Konsonantenwandel". Kratylos. 55 (1): 45–54. doi:10.29091/kratylos/2010/1/5. ISSN 0023-4567.

ed.gov

files.eric.ed.gov

Blust, Robert A. (1974). "A double counter-universal in Kelabit". Papers in Linguistics. 7 (3–4): 309–324. doi:10.1080/08351817409370376. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2015.

elanguage.net

Garrett (1998:16) Garrett, Andrew (1998), "Adjarian's Law, the glottalic theory, and the position of Armenian" (PDF), in Bergen, Benjamin K.; Plauché, Madelaine C.; Bailey, Ashlee C. (eds.), Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, February 14-16,1998: Special Session on Indo-European Subgrouping and Internal Relations, Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society, pp. 12–23
Garrett (1998:20) Garrett, Andrew (1998), "Adjarian's Law, the glottalic theory, and the position of Armenian" (PDF), in Bergen, Benjamin K.; Plauché, Madelaine C.; Bailey, Ashlee C. (eds.), Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, February 14-16,1998: Special Session on Indo-European Subgrouping and Internal Relations, Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society, pp. 12–23

kortlandt.nl

Frederik Kortlandt, "Proto-Indo-European glottalic stops: The evidence revisited"

laurasianacademy.com

ejvs.laurasianacademy.com

Frederik Kortlandt, 'Glottalic Consonants in Sindhi and Proto-Indo-European', reprinted in Studies in Germanic, Indo-European, and Indo-Uralic, Amsterdam: Rodopi (2010), pp. 121-124. Counterarguments exist for his argument of no discernible substrate influence on the development of the specific Sindhi glottalization.^{[clarification needed]} See also Michael Witzel, "Substrate Languages in Old Indo-Aryan", Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies 1999 (http://www.ejvs.laurasianacademy.com/ejvs0501/0501ART.PDF Archived 2013-09-21 at the Wayback Machine).

leidenuniv.nl

openaccess.leidenuniv.nl

Frederik Kortlandt, "How old is the English glottal stop?"
Frederik Kortlandt, "The rise and fall of glottalization in Baltic and Slavic"

n2t.net

Masica, Colin P. (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-521-23420-7. OCLC 18947567. ARK ark:/13960/s2b9htt5ths.
Bomhard, Allan (2023). A Comprehensive Introduction to Nostratic Comparative Linguistics (5th ed.). p. 66. ARK ark:/13960/t5hb1n04f.

ohiolink.edu

rave.ohiolink.edu

Fallon, Paul D. (2003). "Chapter 6: Ejective Voicing". The Synchronic and Diachronic Phonology of Ejectives. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315023809. ISBN 978-1-136-71245-6.

researchgate.net

Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2012). "Typology and reconstruction: The consonants and vowels of Proto-Indo-European". The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 291–330. ISBN 978-87-635-3838-1.

sel.edu.es

García (1997) García, Javier Martínez (1997). "Tipología frente a tipología. Nuevos frentes de la hipótesis glotálica" (PDF). Revista Española de Lingüística (in Spanish). 27 (1). Sociedad Española de Lingüística: 115–134. doi:10.31810/RSEL.27.1. eISSN 2254-8769. ISSN 0210-1874.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hopper (1973) Hopper, Paul (1973). "Glottalized and murmured occlusives in Indo-European". Glossa. 7: 141–166. S2CID 141276371.
Gamkrelidze & Ivanov (1973) Gamkrelidze, Tamaz V.; Ivanov, Vyacheslav (1973). "Sprachtypologie und die Rekonstruktion der gemeinindogermanischen Verschlüsse". Phonetica (in German). 27 (3): 150–156. doi:10.1159/000259433. S2CID 145321224.
Bomhard (2008) and Bomhard (2011) Bomhard, Allan (2008). Reconstructing Proto-Nostratic: Comparative Phonology, Morphology, and Vocabulary. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16853-4. S2CID 160348438. Bomhard, Allan R. (2011). The Nostratic hypothesis in 2011: trends and issues. Washington D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man. ISBN 9780984538317. OCLC 767806902.
Gamkrelidze & Ivanov (1973) and Gamkrelidze & Ivanov (1995:5–70) Gamkrelidze, Tamaz V.; Ivanov, Vyacheslav (1973). "Sprachtypologie und die Rekonstruktion der gemeinindogermanischen Verschlüsse". Phonetica (in German). 27 (3): 150–156. doi:10.1159/000259433. S2CID 145321224. Gamkrelidze, Tamaz V.; Ivanov, Vyacheslav (1995). Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. Translated by Nichols, Johanna. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783110815030. ISBN 978-3-11-014728-5.
Fallon, Paul D. (2003). Written at New Brunswick. Akinlabi, A. Akinbiyi; Adesola, O. (eds.). The Best is Not Good Enough: Scouring a Previously Documented Language For More (PDF). World Congress of African Linguistics. Proceedings, 4th World Congress of African Linguistics. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe (published 2004). pp. 469–478. S2CID 55167291.

web.archive.org

Frederik Kortlandt, 'Glottalic Consonants in Sindhi and Proto-Indo-European', reprinted in Studies in Germanic, Indo-European, and Indo-Uralic, Amsterdam: Rodopi (2010), pp. 121-124. Counterarguments exist for his argument of no discernible substrate influence on the development of the specific Sindhi glottalization.^{[clarification needed]} See also Michael Witzel, "Substrate Languages in Old Indo-Aryan", Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies 1999 (http://www.ejvs.laurasianacademy.com/ejvs0501/0501ART.PDF Archived 2013-09-21 at the Wayback Machine).

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Fortson, Benjamin W. IV (2010). Indo-European Language and Culture (2nd ed.). Malden: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. pp. 59–60. ISBN 9781405188951. OCLC 1451651370.
Bomhard (2008) and Bomhard (2011) Bomhard, Allan (2008). Reconstructing Proto-Nostratic: Comparative Phonology, Morphology, and Vocabulary. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16853-4. S2CID 160348438. Bomhard, Allan R. (2011). The Nostratic hypothesis in 2011: trends and issues. Washington D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man. ISBN 9780984538317. OCLC 767806902.
Jakobson, Roman (1958). Sivertsen, Eva (ed.). Typological studies and their contribution to historical comparative linguistics. International Congress of Linguists. Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Linguists. Oslo: Oslo University Press. pp. 17–25. OCLC 720674019.
García (1997) García, Javier Martínez (1997). "Tipología frente a tipología. Nuevos frentes de la hipótesis glotálica" (PDF). Revista Española de Lingüística (in Spanish). 27 (1). Sociedad Española de Lingüística: 115–134. doi:10.31810/RSEL.27.1. eISSN 2254-8769. ISSN 0210-1874.
Masica, Colin P. (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-521-23420-7. OCLC 18947567. ARK ark:/13960/s2b9htt5ths.
Beekes & de Vaan (2011:119 & 128–129) Beekes, Robert S. P.; de Vaan, Michiel (2011). Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An introduction (2nd ed.). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co. doi:10.1075/z.172. ISBN 9789027285003. OCLC 123113761.
Clackson (2007:48) Clackson, James (18 October 2007). Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. pp. 40–49. ISBN 9781139467346. OCLC 123113761.
Benveniste, Émile (1975). Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Émile Benveniste. Société de Linguistique de Paris. ISBN 2-8017-0012-6. OCLC 802569323.
Kobayashi, M. (2010). "KÜMMEL, MARTIN JOACHIM: Konsonantenwandel". Kratylos. 55 (1): 45–54. doi:10.29091/kratylos/2010/1/5. ISSN 0023-4567.

worldcat.org

Benveniste, Émile (1975). Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Émile Benveniste. Société de Linguistique de Paris. ISBN 2-8017-0012-6. OCLC 802569323.