Goat (English Wikipedia)

"The Eighteenth Century BC Princes of Byblos and Ebla and the Chronology of the Middle Bronze Age", p. 161 (161 Archived October 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine)

acga.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Australian Goat Notes". Australian Cashmere Growers Association. Archived from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved July 22, 2008.

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Naderi, Saeid; Rezaei, Hamid-Reza; Pompanon, François; Blum, Michael G. B.; Negrini, Riccardo; et al. (November 18, 2008). "The goat domestication process inferred from large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of wild and domestic individuals". PNAS. 105 (46): 17659–17664. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10517659N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0804782105. PMC 2584717. PMID 19004765.
Zeder, Melinda A.; Hesse, Brian (2000). "The Initial Domestication of Goats (Capra hircus) in the Zagros Mountains 10,000 Years Ago". Science. 287 (5461): 2254–2257. Bibcode:2000Sci...287.2254Z. doi:10.1126/science.287.5461.2254. PMID 10731145.
Daly, Kevin G.; Mattiangeli, Valeria; Hare, Andrew J.; Davoudi, Hossein; Fathi, Homa; et al. (2021). "Herded and hunted goat genomes from the dawn of domestication in the Zagros Mountains". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (25) e2100901118. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11800901D. doi:10.1073/pnas.2100901118. PMC 8237664. PMID 34099576.
Schröder, Oskar; Wagner, Mayke; Wutke, Saskia; Zhang, Yong; Ma, Yingxia; et al. (October 2016). "Ancient DNA identification of domestic animals used for leather objects in Central Asia during the Bronze Age". The Holocene. 26 (10): 1722–1729. Bibcode:2016Holoc..26.1722S. doi:10.1177/0959683616641741. Archived from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
Taylor, Charles R. (1966). "The Vascularity and Possible Thermoregulatory Function of the Horns in Goats". Physiological Zoology. 39 (2): 127–139. Bibcode:1966PhysZ..39..127T. doi:10.1086/physzool.39.2.30152426. S2CID 88164340.
Shackleton, D. M.; Shank, C. C. (1984). "A Review of the Social Behavior of Feral and Wild Sheep and Goats". Journal of Animal Science. 58 (2): 500–509. Bibcode:1984JAniS..58..500S. doi:10.2527/jas1984.582500x.
Cramer, D. A. (1983). "Chemical compounds implicated in lamb flavor". Food Technology (37): 249–257. and Wong, E.; Nixon, L. N.; Johnson, B. C. (1975). "The contribution of 4-methyloctanoic (hircinoic) acid to mutton and goat meat flavor". New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 18 (3): 261–266. Bibcode:1975NZJAR..18..261W. doi:10.1080/00288233.1975.10423642. Both articles cited in: Intarapichet, K.; Sihaboot, W.; Chungsiriwat, P. (1995). "Chemical and Sensory Characteristics of Emulsion Goat Meat Sausages Containing Pork Fat or Shortening" (PDF). ASEAN Food Journal. Malaysia. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
Rogers, John H. (1998). "Origins of the ancient constellations: I. The Mesopotamian traditions". Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 108: 9–28. Bibcode:1998JBAA..108....9R.

americangoatsociety.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"American Goat Society: Polled Genetics". americangoatsociety.com. Archived from the original on September 1, 2018.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

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auburn.edu (Global: 8,344^th place; English: 5,278^th place)

ssl.acesag.auburn.edu

"Digestive System of Goats" (PDF). Ssl.acesag.auburn.edu. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 2, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2022.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

"Oregon scraps goat landscaping scheme due to cost and smell". BBC News. February 27, 2016. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
Kelly, Jon (March 8, 2013). "Who, What, Why: Does shooting goats save soldiers' lives?". BBC News Magazine. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2018.

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

Jolly, Joanna (January 13, 2015). "The goats fighting America's plant invasion". BBC News. Washington. Archived from the original on September 10, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2018.

boergoatshome.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bowman, Gail. "What is a Genetic Flaw in a Boer Goat?". Boer Goats Home. Archived from the original on November 12, 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2014.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Maisels, C.K. (1999). The Near East: Archaeology in the Cradle of Civilization. Routledge. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-415-18607-0. Archived from the original on September 24, 2023.
Smith, Mary C.; David M. Sherman (November 16, 2011). Goat Medicine. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-119-94952-7. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2018.
Roe III, Leonard Lee (2004). The Deer of North America. Globe Pequot. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-59228-465-8. Almost all wild animals and most domestic ones eat the afterbirth as soon as they can. The primary reason, I think, is to get rid of it so that it will not attract predators. . .Canine scavengers throughout the world are attracted to herd animals when they give birth, for the placental sacs provide an easily scavenged feast.
Mary C. Smith; David M. Sherman (November 16, 2011). Goat Medicine. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-119-94952-7. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2018. Udder development and even milk production are relatively common in unbred doelings of dairy breeds
Pugh, D.G. and Rankins, D. L. Jr, "Feeding and Nutrition" Sheep and Goat Medicine, 2nd Ed. Archived September 25, 2023, at the Wayback Machine Elsevier (2012) Maryland Heights, pg 40–42.
Milk Goats. Life. June 18, 1945. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
Janet Groene, Gordon Groene, U.S. Caribbean Guide, 1998, ISBN 1883323878 p. 81 Archived May 10, 2024, at the Wayback Machine
Taffe, M. (2013). The Original Jamaican Curry Goat Recipe. Booktango. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-4689-2551-7.
Matthiae, Paolo (2020). Ebla: Archaeology and History. Translated by Bates, R.; Bilardello, M.; Weston, A. (1st ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-13885065-1. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
Fracer, Robert (2014). Chrzanovsky, Laurent; Topoleanu, Florin (eds.). Gerulata: The Lamps: Roman Lamps in a Provincial Context. Prague, Czech Republic: Karolinum. p. 326. ISBN 978-80-246-2710-6.
Introvigne, Massimo (2016). "Éliphas Lévi and the Baphomet". Satanism: A Social History. Aries Book Series: Texts and Studies in Western Esotericism. Vol. 21. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. pp. 105–109. ISBN 978-90-04-28828-7. OCLC 1030572947.

brill.com (Global: 814^th place; English: 460^th place)

van der Geer, Alexandra (2008). "Capra hircus, the Domestic Goat". Animals in Stone: Indian Mammals Sculptured Through Time (PDF). Brill. p. 171. ISBN 978-9-00416819-0. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 25, 2022. Retrieved October 29, 2024.

britishgoatsociety.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Keeping Goats". British Goat Society. Archived from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
"British Goats Are Best" (PDF). British Goat Society. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 8, 2025. Retrieved October 29, 2024.

chicagotribune.com (Global: 143^rd place; English: 80^th place)

Huang, Wen. "Year of the Sheep, Goat or Ram?" Archived January 7, 2025, at the Wayback Machine Chicago Tribune, January 31, 2003.

clarin.com (Global: 483^rd place; English: 1,070^th place)

"Origen mítico del dulce de leche" [The Mythical Origin of Dulce de Leche] (in Spanish). Clarín. April 6, 2003. Archived from the original on August 9, 2016. Retrieved June 8, 2014.

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"Dairy Goat Journal. – raising goats – goat business". Dairygoatjournal.com. Archived from the original on May 2, 2013. Retrieved May 5, 2009.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Ullman, B. L. (1943). "Bucca, Bucca". Classical Philology. 38 (2): 94–102. doi:10.1086/362696. JSTOR 264294.
Abd Eldaim, Mabrouk A.; Gaafar, Khalid M.; Darwish, Ragab A.; Mahboub, Hamad D.; Helal, Mohamed A. (August 2015). "Prepartum vitamin A supplementation enhances goat doe health status and kid viability and performance". Small Ruminant Research. 129: 6–10. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.06.007.
Naderi, Saeid; Rezaei, Hamid-Reza; Pompanon, François; Blum, Michael G. B.; Negrini, Riccardo; et al. (November 18, 2008). "The goat domestication process inferred from large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of wild and domestic individuals". PNAS. 105 (46): 17659–17664. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10517659N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0804782105. PMC 2584717. PMID 19004765.
Zeder, Melinda A.; Hesse, Brian (2000). "The Initial Domestication of Goats (Capra hircus) in the Zagros Mountains 10,000 Years Ago". Science. 287 (5461): 2254–2257. Bibcode:2000Sci...287.2254Z. doi:10.1126/science.287.5461.2254. PMID 10731145.
Daly, Kevin G.; Mattiangeli, Valeria; Hare, Andrew J.; Davoudi, Hossein; Fathi, Homa; et al. (2021). "Herded and hunted goat genomes from the dawn of domestication in the Zagros Mountains". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (25) e2100901118. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11800901D. doi:10.1073/pnas.2100901118. PMC 8237664. PMID 34099576.
Schröder, Oskar; Wagner, Mayke; Wutke, Saskia; Zhang, Yong; Ma, Yingxia; et al. (October 2016). "Ancient DNA identification of domestic animals used for leather objects in Central Asia during the Bronze Age". The Holocene. 26 (10): 1722–1729. Bibcode:2016Holoc..26.1722S. doi:10.1177/0959683616641741. Archived from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
Taylor, Charles R. (1966). "The Vascularity and Possible Thermoregulatory Function of the Horns in Goats". Physiological Zoology. 39 (2): 127–139. Bibcode:1966PhysZ..39..127T. doi:10.1086/physzool.39.2.30152426. S2CID 88164340.
Iannuzzi, Leopoldo; Meo, Giulia Pia; Perucatti, Angela (May 28, 2004). "An Improved Characterization of Goat Chromosomes by Means of G- and R-band Comparison". Hereditas. 120 (3): 245–251. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1994.00245.x. PMID 7928388.
Nawroth, Christian; Brett, Jemma; McElligott, Alan (July 5, 2016). "Goats display audience-dependent human-directed gazing behaviour in a problem-solving task". Biology Letters. 12 (7) 20160283. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0283. PMC 4971169. PMID 27381884.
Shackleton, D. M.; Shank, C. C. (1984). "A Review of the Social Behavior of Feral and Wild Sheep and Goats". Journal of Animal Science. 58 (2): 500–509. Bibcode:1984JAniS..58..500S. doi:10.2527/jas1984.582500x.
Narayan, Raj; Mendiratta, S. K.; Mane, B. G. (2015). "Effects of citric acid, cucumis powder and pressure cooking on quality attributes of goat meat curry". Journal of Food Science and Technology. 52 (3): 1772–1777. doi:10.1007/s13197-013-1023-x. PMC 4348252. PMID 25745255.
Cramer, D. A. (1983). "Chemical compounds implicated in lamb flavor". Food Technology (37): 249–257. and Wong, E.; Nixon, L. N.; Johnson, B. C. (1975). "The contribution of 4-methyloctanoic (hircinoic) acid to mutton and goat meat flavor". New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 18 (3): 261–266. Bibcode:1975NZJAR..18..261W. doi:10.1080/00288233.1975.10423642. Both articles cited in: Intarapichet, K.; Sihaboot, W.; Chungsiriwat, P. (1995). "Chemical and Sensory Characteristics of Emulsion Goat Meat Sausages Containing Pork Fat or Shortening" (PDF). ASEAN Food Journal. Malaysia. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
Nawroth, Christian; Brett, Jemma; McElligott, Alan (July 5, 2016). "Goats display audience-dependent human-directed gazing behaviour in a problem-solving task". Biology Letters. 12 (7) 20160283. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0283. PMC 4971169. PMID 27381884.
Morand-Fehr, P. (September 2003). "Dietary choices of goats at the trough". Small Ruminant Research. 49 (3): 231–239. doi:10.1016/S0921-4488(03)00141-X.

environment.gov.au (Global: 1,908^th place; English: 1,156^th place)

"The feral goat (Capra hircus) – Invasive species fact sheet" (PDF). environment.gov.au. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 11, 2008.

etymonline.com (Global: 669^th place; English: 670^th place)

"hircine". www.etymonline.com. Archived from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
Harper, Douglas. "kid". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved April 19, 2025. "Kid - Etymology, Origin & Meaning". Archived from the original on March 20, 2025. Retrieved April 19, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link). "from a Scandinavian source such as Old Norse kið 'young goat'"

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"Teeth, Life Expectancy & How to estimate a goat's age". fiascofarm.com. March 16, 2009. Archived from the original on May 10, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2009.

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Gizaw, S.; Tegegne, A.; Gebremedhin, B.; Hoekstra, D. (2010). Sheep and goat production and marketing systems in Ethiopia: Characteristics and strategies for improvement. IPMS (Improving Productivity and Market Success) of Ethiopian Farmers Project, Working Paper No. 23 (Report). Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute. hdl:10568/2238. Archived from the original on January 20, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2011.

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Chusid, Michael T. Hearing Shofar: The Still Small Voice of the Ram's Horn Archived December 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, 2009. Hearingshofar.com

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"Whose goat is it anyway?". Hindustan Times. February 11, 2012. Archived from the original on December 25, 2018. Retrieved May 15, 2015.

ilgolosario.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Lo stufato di capra e fagioli" [Goat and bean stew] (in Italian). February 21, 2018. Archived from the original on February 15, 2019. Retrieved February 15, 2019.

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Kumar, Davendra; Saha, S.; Chaturvedi, O.H.; Kumar, Sushil; Mann, J.S.; Mittal, J.P.; Singh, V.K. "Lactation in Males". ISSGPU – Indian Society for Sheep and Goat Production and Utilization Newsletter (2). Archived from the original on September 24, 2023. Retrieved December 31, 2009.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Ullman, B. L. (1943). "Bucca, Bucca". Classical Philology. 38 (2): 94–102. doi:10.1086/362696. JSTOR 264294.
Blattman, Christopher; Niehaus, Paul (2014). "Show them the money: Why giving cash helps alleviate poverty" (PDF). Foreign Affairs. 93 (3): 117–126. JSTOR 24483411. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved October 25, 2024.

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"kid". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. OCLC 1032680871. Retrieved July 2, 2026. "of Scandinavian origin; akin to Old Norse kith 'kid'"

modernfarmer.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

McGuire, Virginia C. (September 17, 2013). "How to Get a Goat to Weed Your Garden". Modernfarmer.com. Archived from the original on June 4, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2019.

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nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Naderi, Saeid; Rezaei, Hamid-Reza; Pompanon, François; Blum, Michael G. B.; Negrini, Riccardo; et al. (November 18, 2008). "The goat domestication process inferred from large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of wild and domestic individuals". PNAS. 105 (46): 17659–17664. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10517659N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0804782105. PMC 2584717. PMID 19004765.
Zeder, Melinda A.; Hesse, Brian (2000). "The Initial Domestication of Goats (Capra hircus) in the Zagros Mountains 10,000 Years Ago". Science. 287 (5461): 2254–2257. Bibcode:2000Sci...287.2254Z. doi:10.1126/science.287.5461.2254. PMID 10731145.
Daly, Kevin G.; Mattiangeli, Valeria; Hare, Andrew J.; Davoudi, Hossein; Fathi, Homa; et al. (2021). "Herded and hunted goat genomes from the dawn of domestication in the Zagros Mountains". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (25) e2100901118. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11800901D. doi:10.1073/pnas.2100901118. PMC 8237664. PMID 34099576.
Iannuzzi, Leopoldo; Meo, Giulia Pia; Perucatti, Angela (May 28, 2004). "An Improved Characterization of Goat Chromosomes by Means of G- and R-band Comparison". Hereditas. 120 (3): 245–251. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1994.00245.x. PMID 7928388.
Nawroth, Christian; Brett, Jemma; McElligott, Alan (July 5, 2016). "Goats display audience-dependent human-directed gazing behaviour in a problem-solving task". Biology Letters. 12 (7) 20160283. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0283. PMC 4971169. PMID 27381884.
Narayan, Raj; Mendiratta, S. K.; Mane, B. G. (2015). "Effects of citric acid, cucumis powder and pressure cooking on quality attributes of goat meat curry". Journal of Food Science and Technology. 52 (3): 1772–1777. doi:10.1007/s13197-013-1023-x. PMC 4348252. PMID 25745255.
Nawroth, Christian; Brett, Jemma; McElligott, Alan (July 5, 2016). "Goats display audience-dependent human-directed gazing behaviour in a problem-solving task". Biology Letters. 12 (7) 20160283. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0283. PMC 4971169. PMID 27381884.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Naderi, Saeid; Rezaei, Hamid-Reza; Pompanon, François; Blum, Michael G. B.; Negrini, Riccardo; et al. (November 18, 2008). "The goat domestication process inferred from large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of wild and domestic individuals". PNAS. 105 (46): 17659–17664. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10517659N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0804782105. PMC 2584717. PMID 19004765.
Daly, Kevin G.; Mattiangeli, Valeria; Hare, Andrew J.; Davoudi, Hossein; Fathi, Homa; et al. (2021). "Herded and hunted goat genomes from the dawn of domestication in the Zagros Mountains". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (25) e2100901118. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11800901D. doi:10.1073/pnas.2100901118. PMC 8237664. PMID 34099576.
Nawroth, Christian; Brett, Jemma; McElligott, Alan (July 5, 2016). "Goats display audience-dependent human-directed gazing behaviour in a problem-solving task". Biology Letters. 12 (7) 20160283. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0283. PMC 4971169. PMID 27381884.
Narayan, Raj; Mendiratta, S. K.; Mane, B. G. (2015). "Effects of citric acid, cucumis powder and pressure cooking on quality attributes of goat meat curry". Journal of Food Science and Technology. 52 (3): 1772–1777. doi:10.1007/s13197-013-1023-x. PMC 4348252. PMID 25745255.
Nawroth, Christian; Brett, Jemma; McElligott, Alan (July 5, 2016). "Goats display audience-dependent human-directed gazing behaviour in a problem-solving task". Biology Letters. 12 (7) 20160283. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0283. PMC 4971169. PMID 27381884.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Emery, Theo (June 5, 2007). "In Tennessee, Goats Eat the 'Vine That Ate the South'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 24, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2019.

oed.com (Global: 743^rd place; English: 419^th place)

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"Choosing Your Boer Goat- How Do I Know What to Look For?". Rooster Ridge Boer Goats. Archived from the original on November 12, 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2014.

sagepub.com (Global: 609^th place; English: 451^st place)

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Schröder, Oskar; Wagner, Mayke; Wutke, Saskia; Zhang, Yong; Ma, Yingxia; et al. (October 2016). "Ancient DNA identification of domestic animals used for leather objects in Central Asia during the Bronze Age". The Holocene. 26 (10): 1722–1729. Bibcode:2016Holoc..26.1722S. doi:10.1177/0959683616641741. Archived from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved March 26, 2024.

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semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Taylor, Charles R. (1966). "The Vascularity and Possible Thermoregulatory Function of the Horns in Goats". Physiological Zoology. 39 (2): 127–139. Bibcode:1966PhysZ..39..127T. doi:10.1086/physzool.39.2.30152426. S2CID 88164340.

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