Koukoudis, Asterios (2003). The Vlachs: Metropolis and Diaspora. Thessaloniki: Zitros Publications. ISBN9789607760869. p. 420. "Pisoderi, Gopeš and Malovište are probably the oldest of the Vlach settlements in this group, and they most likely predated the Ottoman conquest."; pp. 468-469. "The Bulgarians evacuated the inhabitants of... Gopeš... and all these displaced persons (or hostages, one might call them) were relocated to the interior of Bulgaria and Serbia. Some were left to fend for themselves until the end of the war, while others did forced labour for the Bulgarians. The Bulgarians did not relocate all these people for their own safety; their basic motive was to clear the area of the pro-Greek and pro Serbian population groups which might have been inclined to co-operate with the Entente Allies."; p. 470. "Ultimately the destruction and deportations during the fighting along the Macedonian Front proved to be the coup de grace for most of the Vlach villages and settlements in Pelagonia. Gopeš is a typical example: it had some 300 families before the war, but only 110 returned by 1919."
