Gothic architecture (English Wikipedia)

Hunter, Bob (18 September 2014). "Londonderry Cathedtral". Wars & Conflict: The Plantation of Ulster. BBC. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.

bloomsburyarchitecturelibrary.com

Fraser, Murray, ed. (2018), "Gothic", Sir Banister Fletcher Glossary (21st ed.), Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the University of London, doi:10.5040/9781350122741.1001019, ISBN 978-1-350-12274-1, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 18 May 2020
"Lancet". Sir Banister Fletcher Glossary. Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the University of London. 2018. doi:10.5040/9781350122741.1001308. ISBN 978-1-350-12274-1. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020. Gothic arch or window rising to a point at its apex.

books.google.com

Rodwell, Warwick (2010). The Lantern Tower of Westminster Abbey, 1060-2010: Reconstructing its History and Architecture. Havertown: Oxbow Books. ISBN 978-1-84217-761-7. OCLC 841909231.
Jantzen, Hans (1984). High Gothic: The Classic Cathedrals of Chartres, Reims, Amiens. Princeton University Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-691-00372-6.
Marten, Bettina (2022). "Tradition in the Age of Progress: Notions on Gothic Church Archicture in the United States". In Borngässer, Barbara; Klein, Bruno (eds.). Global Gothic: Gothic Church Buildings in the 20th and 21st Centuries. Leuven University Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-94-6270-304-9.
Lillich, Meredith Parsons (2011). The Gothic Stained Glass of Reims Cathedral. Penn State Press. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-271-03777-6.
Stanford, Charlotte A. (2016). Commemorating the Dead in Late Medieval Strasbourg: The Cathedral's Book of Donors and Its Use (1320-1521). Routledge. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-317-16398-5.
Jenkyns, Richard (2011). Westminster Abbey. Harvard University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-674-06197-2.
Tapper, Richard; McLachlan, Keith (23 November 2004). Technology, Tradition and Survival: Aspects of Material Culture in the Middle East and Central Asia. Routledge. ISBN 9781135777029.
Bloom, Jonathan M. (15 May 2017). Early Islamic Art and Architecture. Routledge. p. 69. ISBN 9781351942584.
Scott 2003, p. 113. Scott, Robert A. (2003). The Gothic enterprise: a guide to understanding the Medieval cathedral. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23177-1.
Bony 1983, p. 17. Bony, Jean (1983). French Gothic Architecture of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-02831-9.
Garsoïan 2015, p. 300. Garsoïan, Nina G. (2015). "Sirarpie Der Nersessian (1896–1989)". In Damico, Helen (ed.). Medieval Scholarship: Biographical Studies on the Formation of a Discipline: Religion and Art. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-77636-9.

britannica.com

Gothic architecture at the Encyclopædia Britannica
William of Sens at the Encyclopædia Britannica
Western architecture at the Encyclopædia Britannica
Spire at the Encyclopædia Britannica
Tracery at the Encyclopædia Britannica
stained glass at the Encyclopædia Britannica

catholicculture.org

However, due to awkward sites in city centres, the traditional "east end" often faces in a different direction."Facing East". Catholic Culture. October 1999. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.

chartrescathedral.net

"Chartres Cathedral Royal Portal Sculpture". Chartres Cathedral. 2020. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2020.

doi.org

Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Gothic", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 12 January 2021, retrieved 9 April 2020
Binding, Günther (1989). "Opus Francigenum. Ein Beitrag zur Begriffsbestimmung" (PDF). Archiv für Kulturgeschichte (in German) (71): 45–54. doi:10.7788/akg.1989.71.1.45. S2CID 201722797. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
Fraser, Murray, ed. (2018), "Gothic", Sir Banister Fletcher Glossary (21st ed.), Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the University of London, doi:10.5040/9781350122741.1001019, ISBN 978-1-350-12274-1, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 18 May 2020
Bogdanović, Jelena (2010), Bjork, Robert E. (ed.), "opus Francigenum", The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866262-4, archived from the original on 10 April 2020, retrieved 9 April 2020
Schurr, Marc Carel (2010), Bjork, Robert E. (ed.), "art and architecture: Gothic", The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866262-4, archived from the original on 10 April 2020, retrieved 9 April 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Sens, William of", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 11 April 2020, retrieved 10 April 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Perpendicular", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Ely, Reginald", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (21 May 2015), "Vertue, Robert", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Warren, John (1991). "Creswell's Use of the Theory of Dating by the Acuteness of the Pointed Arches in Early Muslim Architecture". Muqarnas. 8. BRILL: 59–65. doi:10.2307/1523154. JSTOR 1523154.
"Lancet". Sir Banister Fletcher Glossary. Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the University of London. 2018. doi:10.5040/9781350122741.1001308. ISBN 978-1-350-12274-1. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020. Gothic arch or window rising to a point at its apex.
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Lancet style", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198606789.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 26 January 2021, retrieved 9 April 2020, First Pointed Gothic of the late C12 before the introduction of tracery.
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "tracery", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 7 April 2022, retrieved 26 May 2020
Warren, John (1991). "Creswell's Use of the Theory of Dating by the Acuteness of the Pointed Arches in Early Muslim Architecture". Muqarnas. 8. BRILL: 59–65 (61–63). doi:10.2307/1523154. JSTOR 1523154.
Kite, Stephen (September 2003). "'South Opposed to East and North': Adrian Stokes and Josef Strzygowski. A study in the aesthetics and historiography of Orientalism". Art History. 26 (4): 505–533. doi:10.1111/j.0141-6790.2003.02604002.x. To Near Eastern scholars the Armenian cathedral at Ani (989–1001), designed by Trdat (972–1036), seemed to anticipate Gothic.

durhamworldheritagesite.com

"Architectural Importance". Durham World Heritage Site. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2013.

ehne.fr

"Gothique ou Opus Francigenum : une architecture sans frontières venue de France (Le) | EHNE". ehne.fr. Retrieved 4 February 2025.

free.fr

chrisagde.free.fr

"Le Louvre de Philippe Auguste" (in French). Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

jstor.org

Warren, John (1991). "Creswell's Use of the Theory of Dating by the Acuteness of the Pointed Arches in Early Muslim Architecture". Muqarnas. 8. BRILL: 59–65. doi:10.2307/1523154. JSTOR 1523154.
Warren, John (1991). "Creswell's Use of the Theory of Dating by the Acuteness of the Pointed Arches in Early Muslim Architecture". Muqarnas. 8. BRILL: 59–65 (61–63). doi:10.2307/1523154. JSTOR 1523154.

larousse.fr

Gothique (in French) (online ed.). Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2020. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)

loyola.edu

"Gothic Architecture – Loyola's Historic Architecture – Department of History – Loyola University Maryland". www.loyola.edu. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2020.

mgh-bibliothek.de

Binding, Günther (1989). "Opus Francigenum. Ein Beitrag zur Begriffsbestimmung" (PDF). Archiv für Kulturgeschichte (in German) (71): 45–54. doi:10.7788/akg.1989.71.1.45. S2CID 201722797. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2020.

oed.com

"lancet". Oxford English Dictionary Online. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020.

oxfordreference.com

Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Gothic", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 12 January 2021, retrieved 9 April 2020
Bogdanović, Jelena (2010), Bjork, Robert E. (ed.), "opus Francigenum", The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866262-4, archived from the original on 10 April 2020, retrieved 9 April 2020
Schurr, Marc Carel (2010), Bjork, Robert E. (ed.), "art and architecture: Gothic", The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866262-4, archived from the original on 10 April 2020, retrieved 9 April 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Sens, William of", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 11 April 2020, retrieved 10 April 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Perpendicular", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Ely, Reginald", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (21 May 2015), "Vertue, Robert", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Lancet style", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198606789.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 26 January 2021, retrieved 9 April 2020, First Pointed Gothic of the late C12 before the introduction of tracery.
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "tracery", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 7 April 2022, retrieved 26 May 2020

perseus.org

data.perseus.org

Frazer, James George (1933) ed., Ovid, Fasti Archived 16 November 2022 at the Wayback Machine VI. 131–,Riley 1851, p. 216, tr. Ovid (1851). Riley, Henry T. (ed.). The Fasti, Tristia, Pontic Epistles, Ibis, and Halieuticon of Ovid. H. G. Bohn. p. 216.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Binding, Günther (1989). "Opus Francigenum. Ein Beitrag zur Begriffsbestimmung" (PDF). Archiv für Kulturgeschichte (in German) (71): 45–54. doi:10.7788/akg.1989.71.1.45. S2CID 201722797. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2020.

unesco.org

whc.unesco.org

Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "La Lonja de la Seda de Valencia". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 22 January 2024.

upenn.edu

sas.upenn.edu

Stewart, Charles Anthony. "Flying Buttress and Pointed Arch in Byzantine Cyprus" (PDF). University of Pennsylvania - School of Arts & Sciences.

web.archive.org

Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Gothic", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 12 January 2021, retrieved 9 April 2020
Binding, Günther (1989). "Opus Francigenum. Ein Beitrag zur Begriffsbestimmung" (PDF). Archiv für Kulturgeschichte (in German) (71): 45–54. doi:10.7788/akg.1989.71.1.45. S2CID 201722797. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
Fraser, Murray, ed. (2018), "Gothic", Sir Banister Fletcher Glossary (21st ed.), Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the University of London, doi:10.5040/9781350122741.1001019, ISBN 978-1-350-12274-1, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 18 May 2020
Bogdanović, Jelena (2010), Bjork, Robert E. (ed.), "opus Francigenum", The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866262-4, archived from the original on 10 April 2020, retrieved 9 April 2020
"Gothic Architecture – Loyola's Historic Architecture – Department of History – Loyola University Maryland". www.loyola.edu. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
Schurr, Marc Carel (2010), Bjork, Robert E. (ed.), "art and architecture: Gothic", The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866262-4, archived from the original on 10 April 2020, retrieved 9 April 2020
Gothique (in French) (online ed.). Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2020. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Sens, William of", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 11 April 2020, retrieved 10 April 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Perpendicular", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Ely, Reginald", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (21 May 2015), "Vertue, Robert", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 22 May 2020, retrieved 16 May 2020
Hunter, Bob (18 September 2014). "Londonderry Cathedtral". Wars & Conflict: The Plantation of Ulster. BBC. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
"Amazing Gothic and Gothic Revival Architecture". Architectural Digest. Archived from the original on 25 October 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
"Architectural Importance". Durham World Heritage Site. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
"lancet". Oxford English Dictionary Online. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
"Lancet". Sir Banister Fletcher Glossary. Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the University of London. 2018. doi:10.5040/9781350122741.1001308. ISBN 978-1-350-12274-1. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020. Gothic arch or window rising to a point at its apex.
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "Lancet style", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198606789.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 26 January 2021, retrieved 9 April 2020, First Pointed Gothic of the late C12 before the introduction of tracery.
abelard (22 January 2006). "Cathedral 5: Laon". Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015), "tracery", A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-967498-5, archived from the original on 7 April 2022, retrieved 26 May 2020
However, due to awkward sites in city centres, the traditional "east end" often faces in a different direction."Facing East". Catholic Culture. October 1999. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
"Chartres Cathedral Royal Portal Sculpture". Chartres Cathedral. 2020. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
Frazer, James George (1933) ed., Ovid, Fasti Archived 16 November 2022 at the Wayback Machine VI. 131–,Riley 1851, p. 216, tr. Ovid (1851). Riley, Henry T. (ed.). The Fasti, Tristia, Pontic Epistles, Ibis, and Halieuticon of Ovid. H. G. Bohn. p. 216.
"Le Louvre de Philippe Auguste" (in French). Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

westminster-abbey.org

pixeltocode.uk, PixelToCode. "Sir Christopher Wren". Westminster Abbey. Retrieved 30 July 2023.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Rodwell, Warwick (2010). The Lantern Tower of Westminster Abbey, 1060-2010: Reconstructing its History and Architecture. Havertown: Oxbow Books. ISBN 978-1-84217-761-7. OCLC 841909231.