Graphology (English Wikipedia)

Norcross, John C.; Koocher, Gerald P.; Garofalo, Ariele (2006). "Discredited psychological treatments and tests: A Delphi poll". Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 37 (5): 515–522. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.37.5.515. ISSN 1939-1323. Five tests rated by at least 25% of the experts in terms of being discredited for a specific purpose received mean scores of 4.0 or higher: Luscher Color Test, Szondi Test, handwriting analysis (graphology), Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test (for assessment of neuropsychological impairment), eneagrams, and Lowenfeld Mosaic Test

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Beyerstein, Barry L.; Beyerstein, Dale F. (1992), The Write Stuff: Evaluation of Graphology - The Study of handwriting Analysis (1st ed.), Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, ISBN 978-0-87975-612-3

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Péterfalvi, Attila (16 March 2004). "Overview of the Data Protection Commissioner's investigation into the tender for the notary position of the city of Nagymaros". Hungarian Parliamentary Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information. Archived from the original on 9 January 2010. Retrieved 2008-06-21. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Illouz, Evyatar; (Omid) David, Eli; Netanyahu, Nathan S. (2018). "Handwriting-Based Gender Classification Using End-to-End Deep Neural Networks". Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning – ICANN 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 11141. pp. 613–621. arXiv:1912.01816. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01424-7_60. ISBN 978-3-030-01423-0. S2CID 52909281.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

Duffy, Jonathan; Giles Wilson (2005-02-01). "Writing wrongs". BBC News Magazine. Archived from the original on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2008-06-24.

bnf.fr (Global: 124^th place; English: 544^th place)

gallica.bnf.fr

Baldi, Camillo (1622). Trattato come da una lettera missiva si conoscano la natura e qualità dello scrittore [Treatise on from a missive letter knowing the nature and quality of the writer] (in Italian). Carpi: Girolamo Vaschieri. Archived from the original on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2016-11-12.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Huarte, Juan (1846) [1575]. Examen de ingenios para las ciencias [Examination of inventions for the sciences] (in Spanish). Madrid: Imprenta R. Campuzano.
Goodwin CJ (2010). Research In Psychology: Methods and Design. John Wiley & Sons. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-470-52278-3.
Ulfried Geuter, The Professionalization of Psychology in Nazi Germany, pp. 95–96. Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Shermer, Michael, ed. (2002). The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience. Vol. 1. Skeptic's Society. p. 119. ISBN 978-1-57607-653-8.

bps.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

cms.bps.org.uk

"The validity of graphology in personnel assessment (technical review PDF)" (PDF). British Psychological Society. Retrieved 2025-09-22.

chedd-angier.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"BEYOND SCIENCE? Paper Personality, on season 8, episode 2". Scientific American Frontiers. Chedd-Angier Production Company. 1997–1998. PBS. Archived from the original on 2006-01-01.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Driver, Russell W.; Buckley, M. Ronald; Frink, Dwight D. (April 1996). "Should We Write Off Graphology?". International Journal of Selection and Assessment. 4 (2): 78–86. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2389.1996.tb00062.x.
Furnham, Adrian; Gunter, Barrie (January 1987). "Graphology and personality: Another failure to validate graphological analysis". Personality and Individual Differences. 8 (3): 433–435. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(87)90045-6.
Norcross, John C.; Koocher, Gerald P.; Garofalo, Ariele (2006). "Discredited psychological treatments and tests: A Delphi poll". Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 37 (5): 515–522. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.37.5.515. ISSN 1939-1323. Five tests rated by at least 25% of the experts in terms of being discredited for a specific purpose received mean scores of 4.0 or higher: Luscher Color Test, Szondi Test, handwriting analysis (graphology), Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test (for assessment of neuropsychological impairment), eneagrams, and Lowenfeld Mosaic Test
Hartley, James (January 1991). "Sex Differences in Handwriting: a comment on Spear". British Educational Research Journal. 17 (2): 141–145. doi:10.1080/0141192910170204.
King, Roy N.; Koehler, Derek J. (2000). "Illusory correlations in graphological inference". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 6 (4): 336–348. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.135.8305. doi:10.1037/1076-898X.6.4.336. PMID 11218342.
Neter, Efrat; Ben-Shakhar, Gershon (January 1989). "The predictive validity of graphological inferences: A meta-analytic approach". Personality and Individual Differences. 10 (7): 737–745. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90120-7.
Ware, J E; Williams, R G (February 1975). "The Dr. Fox effect: a study of lecturer effectiveness and ratings of instruction". Academic Medicine. 50 (2): 149–156. doi:10.1097/00001888-197502000-00006. PMID 1120118.
Tallent, Norman (1958). "On individualizing the psychologist's clinical evaluation". Journal of Clinical Psychology. 14 (3): 243–244. doi:10.1002/1097-4679(195807)14:3<243::aid-jclp2270140307>3.0.co;2-a. PMID 13549608.
Hartley, James (1991). "Sex Differences in Handwriting: A comment on Spear". British Educational Research Journal. 17 (2): 141–145. doi:10.1080/0141192910170204.
Mandrekar, Jayawant N. (1 September 2010). "Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve in Diagnostic Test Assessment". Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 5 (9): 1315–1316. doi:10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181ec173d. PMID 20736804.
Illouz, Evyatar; (Omid) David, Eli; Netanyahu, Nathan S. (2018). "Handwriting-Based Gender Classification Using End-to-End Deep Neural Networks". Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning – ICANN 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 11141. pp. 613–621. arXiv:1912.01816. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01424-7_60. ISBN 978-3-030-01423-0. S2CID 52909281.
Bradley, Sean (March 2015). "Handwriting and Gender: A multi-use data set". Journal of Statistics Education. 23 (1): 1. doi:10.1080/10691898.2015.11889721. S2CID 123033133.
Hamid, Sarah; Loewenthal, Kate Miriam (1996). "Inferring Gender from Handwriting in Urdu and English". The Journal of Social Psychology. 136 (6): 778–782. doi:10.1080/00224545.1996.9712254. PMID 9043207.
Spear, Margaret Goddard (1989). "Differences between the Written Work of Boys and Girls". British Educational Research Journal. 15 (3): 271–277. doi:10.1080/0141192890150304.
Burr, Vivien (2002). "Judging Gender from Samples of Adult Handwriting: Accuracy and Use of Cues". The Journal of Social Psychology. 142 (6): 691–700. doi:10.1080/00224540209603929. PMID 12450344. S2CID 39650656.

eeoc.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

Johnston, Dianna B. (28 February 2001), Title VII: Disparate Impact, Handwriting Analysis, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, archived from the original on 22 January 2019, retrieved 4 March 2020

finedictionary.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Fine Dictionary". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-09-22.

grafologiaemerson.com.ar (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Instituto Superior Emerson" [Emerson Higher Institute]. Grafología Emerson (in Spanish). 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-11-12. Retrieved 2016-11-12.

news-ces.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Grafologia" [Graphology]. Centro de Estudios Superiores (in Spanish). 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-11-06. Retrieved 2016-11-12.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

King, Roy N.; Koehler, Derek J. (2000). "Illusory correlations in graphological inference". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 6 (4): 336–348. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.135.8305. doi:10.1037/1076-898X.6.4.336. PMID 11218342.
Ware, J E; Williams, R G (February 1975). "The Dr. Fox effect: a study of lecturer effectiveness and ratings of instruction". Academic Medicine. 50 (2): 149–156. doi:10.1097/00001888-197502000-00006. PMID 1120118.
Tallent, Norman (1958). "On individualizing the psychologist's clinical evaluation". Journal of Clinical Psychology. 14 (3): 243–244. doi:10.1002/1097-4679(195807)14:3<243::aid-jclp2270140307>3.0.co;2-a. PMID 13549608.
Mandrekar, Jayawant N. (1 September 2010). "Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve in Diagnostic Test Assessment". Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 5 (9): 1315–1316. doi:10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181ec173d. PMID 20736804.
Hamid, Sarah; Loewenthal, Kate Miriam (1996). "Inferring Gender from Handwriting in Urdu and English". The Journal of Social Psychology. 136 (6): 778–782. doi:10.1080/00224545.1996.9712254. PMID 9043207.
Burr, Vivien (2002). "Judging Gender from Samples of Adult Handwriting: Accuracy and Use of Cues". The Journal of Social Psychology. 142 (6): 691–700. doi:10.1080/00224540209603929. PMID 12450344. S2CID 39650656.
Luca, E. S. (1973), "Major Aptitudes and Personality Characteristics of 42 Dental Students as Evaluated Through Their Handwriting", New York Journal of Dentistry, 43 (9): 281–83, PMID 4518182
Ludewig, Reinhard; Dettweiler, Christian; Lewinson, Thea Stein (December 1992). "Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Medizinischen Graphologie" [Possibilities and limits of medical graphology. Determination of current status and perspectives (I)]. Zeitschrift für die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete (in German). 47 (12): 549–57. PMID 1285461.
Knopp, W; Paulson, G; Allen, JN; Smeltzer, D; Brown, FD; Kose, W (March 1970). "Parkinson's disease: L-dopa treatment and handwriting area". Current Therapeutic Research, Clinical and Experimental. 12 (3): 115–25. PMID 4985489.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Cohen, Roger (19 October 1993). "In France, It's How You Cross the t's". The New York Times.

obh.hu (Global: low place; English: low place)

abiweb.obh.hu

Péterfalvi, Attila (16 March 2004). "Overview of the Data Protection Commissioner's investigation into the tender for the notary position of the city of Nagymaros". Hungarian Parliamentary Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information. Archived from the original on 9 January 2010. Retrieved 2008-06-21. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

pbs.org (Global: 198^th place; English: 154^th place)

"Barry Beyerstein Q&A". Ask the Scientists. Scientific American Frontiers. Archived from the original on 2007-02-20. Retrieved 2008-02-22. "they simply interpret the way we form these various features on the page in much the same way ancient oracles interpreted the entrails of oxen or smoke in the air. i.e., it's a kind of magical divination or fortune telling where 'like begets like'".

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

King, Roy N.; Koehler, Derek J. (2000). "Illusory correlations in graphological inference". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 6 (4): 336–348. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.135.8305. doi:10.1037/1076-898X.6.4.336. PMID 11218342.

sciences360.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Carter, Molly. "Handwriting Analysis and the Secrets of Graphology". Sciences 360. Helium, Inc. Archived from the original on 2014-07-04. Retrieved 2014-09-22.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Illouz, Evyatar; (Omid) David, Eli; Netanyahu, Nathan S. (2018). "Handwriting-Based Gender Classification Using End-to-End Deep Neural Networks". Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning – ICANN 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 11141. pp. 613–621. arXiv:1912.01816. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01424-7_60. ISBN 978-3-030-01423-0. S2CID 52909281.
Bradley, Sean (March 2015). "Handwriting and Gender: A multi-use data set". Journal of Statistics Education. 23 (1): 1. doi:10.1080/10691898.2015.11889721. S2CID 123033133.
Burr, Vivien (2002). "Judging Gender from Samples of Adult Handwriting: Accuracy and Use of Cues". The Journal of Social Psychology. 142 (6): 691–700. doi:10.1080/00224540209603929. PMID 12450344. S2CID 39650656.

skeptoid.com (Global: 5,748^th place; English: 3,460^th place)

Dunning, Brian. "Skeptoid #363: All About Graphology". Skeptoid. Retrieved 2 September 2016.

survata.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

blog.survata.com

"Identifying gender by handwriting — you're probably not as good at it as you think". Archived from the original on 2020-08-10. Retrieved 2020-09-17.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Barry Beyerstein Q&A". Ask the Scientists. Scientific American Frontiers. Archived from the original on 2007-02-20. Retrieved 2008-02-22. "they simply interpret the way we form these various features on the page in much the same way ancient oracles interpreted the entrails of oxen or smoke in the air. i.e., it's a kind of magical divination or fortune telling where 'like begets like'".
"BEYOND SCIENCE? Paper Personality, on season 8, episode 2". Scientific American Frontiers. Chedd-Angier Production Company. 1997–1998. PBS. Archived from the original on 2006-01-01.
"Fine Dictionary". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-09-22.
Baldi, Camillo (1622). Trattato come da una lettera missiva si conoscano la natura e qualità dello scrittore [Treatise on from a missive letter knowing the nature and quality of the writer] (in Italian). Carpi: Girolamo Vaschieri. Archived from the original on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
Duffy, Jonathan; Giles Wilson (2005-02-01). "Writing wrongs". BBC News Magazine. Archived from the original on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2008-06-24.
Carter, Molly. "Handwriting Analysis and the Secrets of Graphology". Sciences 360. Helium, Inc. Archived from the original on 2014-07-04. Retrieved 2014-09-22.
"Instituto Superior Emerson" [Emerson Higher Institute]. Grafología Emerson (in Spanish). 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-11-12. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
"Grafologia" [Graphology]. Centro de Estudios Superiores (in Spanish). 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-11-06. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
Johnston, Dianna B. (28 February 2001), Title VII: Disparate Impact, Handwriting Analysis, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, archived from the original on 22 January 2019, retrieved 4 March 2020
"Identifying gender by handwriting — you're probably not as good at it as you think". Archived from the original on 2020-08-10. Retrieved 2020-09-17.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Norcross, John C.; Koocher, Gerald P.; Garofalo, Ariele (2006). "Discredited psychological treatments and tests: A Delphi poll". Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 37 (5): 515–522. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.37.5.515. ISSN 1939-1323. Five tests rated by at least 25% of the experts in terms of being discredited for a specific purpose received mean scores of 4.0 or higher: Luscher Color Test, Szondi Test, handwriting analysis (graphology), Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test (for assessment of neuropsychological impairment), eneagrams, and Lowenfeld Mosaic Test

youtube.com (Global: 9^th place; English: 13^th place)

James Randi and a Graphologist on YouTube

Graphology (English Wikipedia)

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