Great Famine (Ireland) (English Wikipedia)

Mullin, James V. (Spring–Summer 2002). "The New Jersey Famine Curriculum: a report". Eire-Ireland: Journal of Irish Studies. 37 (1–2): 119–129. doi:10.1353/eir.2002.0008. Archived from the original on 9 July 2012.

bbc.co.uk

An Fháinleog Archived 18 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine Chapter 6. "drochshaol, while it can mean a hard life, or hard times, also, with a capital letter, has a specific, historic meaning: Bliain an Drochshaoil means The Famine Year, particularly 1847; Aimsir an Drochshaoil means the time of the Great Famine (1847–52)."
"British History in depth: The Irish Famine". BBC History. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
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O'Neill 2009, p. 1. O'Neill, Joseph R. (2009). The Irish Potato Famine. ABDO. ISBN 978-1-60453-514-3. Archived from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
Percival, John (1995). Great Famine: Ireland's Potato Famine 1845–51. Diane Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0788169625. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2020 – via Google Books.
Blake 1967, p. 179. Blake, Robert (1967). Disraeli. University paperbacks. St. Martin's Press. LCCN 67011837. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
Hughes, John (11 June 1847). "A Lecture on the Antecedent Causes of the Irish Famine in 1847: Delivered Under the Auspices of the General Committee for the Relief of the Suffering Poor of Ireland". E. Dunigan – via Google Books.
Ó Gráda 1993, pp. 138–144. ——— (1993). Ireland before and after the Famine: Explorations in Economic History 1800–1925. Manchester University Press. ISBN 0719040353. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
O'Brien, William Smith (1998). The Rebel in His Family: Selected Papers of William Smith O'Brien. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-1859181812. Archived from the original on 12 May 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
Blake 1967, pp. 221–241. Blake, Robert (1967). Disraeli. University paperbacks. St. Martin's Press. LCCN 67011837. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
Ó Gráda 2000, p. 123. ——— (2000). "Black '47 and Beyond: The Great Irish Famine in History, Economy, and Memory". Medical History. 45 (1). Princeton University Press: 136–137. ISBN 978-0-691-07015-5. PMC 1044715. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
Kinealy, Christine (2013). Charity and the Great Hunger in Ireland: The Kindness of Strangers. London: Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 115, 118. ISBN 978-1-4411-1758-8. Archived from the original on 12 May 2020.
Lee 1973, p. 1. Lee, Joseph (1973). The Modernisation of Irish Society. Gill and Macmillan. ISBN 9780717105670. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
Lee 1973, p. 2 Lee, Joseph (1973). The Modernisation of Irish Society. Gill and Macmillan. ISBN 9780717105670. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
Gallagher 1987. Gallagher, Thomas (1987). Paddy's Lament, Ireland 1846–1847: Prelude to Hatred. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0-15-670700-8. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2010.
Ó Gráda, Cormac (1995). The Great Irish famine. New Studies in Economic and Social History (illustrated, reprinted ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 4, 68. ISBN 978-0-521-55787-0. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 7 August 2020. [page 4] While no academic historian continues to take the claim of genocide seriously, the issue of blame remains controversial [page 68]. In sum, the Great Famine of the 1840s, instead of being inevitable and inherent in the potato economy, was a tragic ecological accident. Ireland's experience during these years supports neither the complacency exemplified by the Whig view of political economy nor the genocide theories formerly espoused by a few nationalist historians.
Ó Gráda, Cormac (1995). The Great Irish famine. New Studies in Economic and Social History (illustrated, reprinted ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 4, 68. ISBN 978-0-521-55787-0. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 7 August 2020. [page 4] While no academic historian continues to take the claim of genocide seriously, the issue of blame remains controversial [page 68]. In sum, the Great Famine of the 1840s, instead of being inevitable and inherent in the potato economy, was a tragic ecological accident. Ireland's experience during these years supports neither the complacency exemplified by the Whig view of political economy nor the genocide theories formerly espoused by a few nationalist historians.
Ó Gráda 2000, p. 10. ——— (2000). "Black '47 and Beyond: The Great Irish Famine in History, Economy, and Memory". Medical History. 45 (1). Princeton University Press: 136–137. ISBN 978-0-691-07015-5. PMC 1044715. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2020.

boston.com

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William Carson Paddock (1921 (Minneapolis, Minnesota) – 2008 (Antigua, Guatemala)), American plant pathologist:
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Kelly, M.; Fotheringham, A. Stewart (2011). "The online atlas of Irish population change 1841–2002: A new resource for analysing national trends and local variations in Irish population dynamics". Irish Geography. 44 (2–3): 215–244. doi:10.1080/00750778.2011.664806. population declining dramatically from 8.2 million to 6.5 million between 1841 and 1851 and then declining gradually and almost continuously to 4.5 million in 1961
Tebrake, Janet K. (May 1992). "Irish peasant women in revolt: The Land League years". Irish Historical Studies. 28 (109): 63–80. doi:10.1017/S0021121400018587. S2CID 156376321.
Curtis, L. Perry (Lewis Perry) (11 June 2007). "The Battering Ram and Irish Evictions, 1887–90". Irish-American Cultural Institute. 42 (3): 207–228. doi:10.1353/eir.2007.0039. S2CID 161069346. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 2 September 2018 – via Project MUSE.
Bourke (1964). "The Emergence of Potato Blight 1843–1846". Nature. 203 (4947): 805–808. Bibcode:1964Natur.203..805A. doi:10.1038/203805a0. S2CID 4157856.
Goss, Erica M.; Tabima, Javier F.; Cooke, David E. L.; Restrepo, Silvia; Fry, William E.; Forbes, Gregory A.; Fieland, Valerie J.; Cardenas, Martha; Grünwald, Niklaus J. (17 June 2014). "The Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans originated in central Mexico rather than the Andes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (24): 8791–8796. Bibcode:2014PNAS..111.8791G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1401884111. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4066499. PMID 24889615.
Saville, Amanda C.; Martin, Michael D.; Ristaino, Jean B. (28 December 2016). "Historic Late Blight Outbreaks Caused by a Widespread Dominant Lineage of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary". PLOS ONE. 11 (12): e0168381. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1168381S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168381. PMC 5193357. PMID 28030580.
Miller, David W. (11 June 2008). "Ireland's Great Famine: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (review)". Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 39 (1): 114–115. doi:10.1162/jinh.2008.39.1.114. S2CID 195826785. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2018 – via Project MUSE.
McLean, David (23 February 2019). "Famine on the Coast: The Royal Navy and the Relief of Ireland, 1846–1847". The English Historical Review. 134 (566): 92–120. doi:10.1093/ehr/cez004. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
Daly, Mary E. (1997). "Historians and the Famine: A Beleaguered Species?". Irish Historical Studies. 30 (120): 591–601. doi:10.1017/S002112140001347X. ISSN 0021-1214. JSTOR 60000023. S2CID 163627192. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2021. [Donnelly] has noted that statistics for grain exports and imports were readily available during the second half of the nineteenth century 'and if honestly confronted, would at least have raised serious doubts about the accuracy of the nationalist perspective'. Modern scholars have even less of an excuse for prevarication. Peter Solar calculated that on the eve of the Famine Ireland produced sufficient food for 9.5 to 10m people; during the years 1846–50 it produced little more than half that amount. Austin Bourke showed that food imports were considerably in excess of exports during the Famine years, though a ban on exports during the autumn of 1846 might have eased food shortages. Food exports during the autumn and winter of 1846 were equivalent to one-tenth of the potatoes lost... [Kinealy] seems to imply that Mitchel's case is more credible than recent scholars suggest; few would agree.
Kinealy, Christine (1 September 2014). "The British Relief Association and the Great Famine in Ireland". French Journal of British Studies (Revue française de civilisation britannique). 19 (2). para. 27. doi:10.4000/rfcb.230. ISSN 2429-4373. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
Götz, Brewis & Werther 2020, pp. 82–87. Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020). Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108655903. ISBN 9781108655903.
Falc'her-Poyroux, Erick (2014). "The Great Irish Famine in Songs". Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique. XIX (2): 157–172. doi:10.4000/rfcb.277. ISSN 2429-4373.
Boyle & Ó Gráda 1986, p. 560. Boyle, Phelim P.; Ó Gráda, Cormac (November 1986). "Fertility Trends, Excess Mortality, and the Great Irish Famine" (PDF). Demography. 23 (4): 543–562. doi:10.2307/2061350. hdl:10197/401. JSTOR 2061350. PMID 3542599. S2CID 43621998. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
Ó Gráda 1975. Ó Gráda, Cormac (March 1975). "A Note on Nineteenth Emigration Statistics". Population Studies. 29 (1): 143–149. doi:10.2307/2173431. JSTOR 2173431. PMID 22091811.
Boyle & Ó Gráda 1986, p. 554. Boyle, Phelim P.; Ó Gráda, Cormac (November 1986). "Fertility Trends, Excess Mortality, and the Great Irish Famine" (PDF). Demography. 23 (4): 543–562. doi:10.2307/2061350. hdl:10197/401. JSTOR 2061350. PMID 3542599. S2CID 43621998. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
Luddy, Maria (1992). "An outcast community: the 'wrens' of the curragh". Women's History Review. 1 (3): 341–355. doi:10.1080/09612029200200014. ISSN 0961-2025.
Mcveigh 2008, p. 549. Mcveigh, Robbie (2008). ""The balance of cruelty": Ireland, Britain and the logic of genocide". Journal of Genocide Research. 10 (4): 541–561. doi:10.1080/14623520802447792. S2CID 143655748.
Mullin, James V. (Spring–Summer 2002). "The New Jersey Famine Curriculum: a report". Eire-Ireland: Journal of Irish Studies. 37 (1–2): 119–129. doi:10.1353/eir.2002.0008. Archived from the original on 9 July 2012.
Leazer, John (17 January 2022). "Politics as Usual: Charles Edward Trevelyan and the Irish and Scottish Fisheries Before and During the Great Famine". Irish Economic and Social History. 49 (1): 47–59. doi:10.1177/03324893211049539. S2CID 246022519. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
Mcveigh 2008, p. 553. Mcveigh, Robbie (2008). ""The balance of cruelty": Ireland, Britain and the logic of genocide". Journal of Genocide Research. 10 (4): 541–561. doi:10.1080/14623520802447792. S2CID 143655748.
Conley & de Waal 2023, p. 139. Conley, Bridget; de Waal, Alex (2023). "Genocide, Starvation and Famine". In Kiernan, Ben; Lemos, Tracy Maria; Taylor, Tristan S. (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Genocide. Vol. I: Genocide in the Ancient, Medieval and Premodern Worlds. Cambridge University Press. pp. 127–149. doi:10.1017/9781108493536 (inactive 2 November 2024). ISBN 978-1-108-49353-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Mcveigh 2008, p. 556. Mcveigh, Robbie (2008). ""The balance of cruelty": Ireland, Britain and the logic of genocide". Journal of Genocide Research. 10 (4): 541–561. doi:10.1080/14623520802447792. S2CID 143655748.

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Boyle & Ó Gráda 1986, p. 554. Boyle, Phelim P.; Ó Gráda, Cormac (November 1986). "Fertility Trends, Excess Mortality, and the Great Irish Famine" (PDF). Demography. 23 (4): 543–562. doi:10.2307/2061350. hdl:10197/401. JSTOR 2061350. PMID 3542599. S2CID 43621998. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2018.

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Goss, Erica M.; Tabima, Javier F.; Cooke, David E. L.; Restrepo, Silvia; Fry, William E.; Forbes, Gregory A.; Fieland, Valerie J.; Cardenas, Martha; Grünwald, Niklaus J. (17 June 2014). "The Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans originated in central Mexico rather than the Andes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (24): 8791–8796. Bibcode:2014PNAS..111.8791G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1401884111. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4066499. PMID 24889615.
Saville, Amanda C.; Martin, Michael D.; Ristaino, Jean B. (28 December 2016). "Historic Late Blight Outbreaks Caused by a Widespread Dominant Lineage of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary". PLOS ONE. 11 (12): e0168381. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1168381S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168381. PMC 5193357. PMID 28030580.

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Daly, Mary E. (1997). "Historians and the Famine: A Beleaguered Species?". Irish Historical Studies. 30 (120): 591–601. doi:10.1017/S002112140001347X. ISSN 0021-1214. JSTOR 60000023. S2CID 163627192. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2021. [Donnelly] has noted that statistics for grain exports and imports were readily available during the second half of the nineteenth century 'and if honestly confronted, would at least have raised serious doubts about the accuracy of the nationalist perspective'. Modern scholars have even less of an excuse for prevarication. Peter Solar calculated that on the eve of the Famine Ireland produced sufficient food for 9.5 to 10m people; during the years 1846–50 it produced little more than half that amount. Austin Bourke showed that food imports were considerably in excess of exports during the Famine years, though a ban on exports during the autumn of 1846 might have eased food shortages. Food exports during the autumn and winter of 1846 were equivalent to one-tenth of the potatoes lost... [Kinealy] seems to imply that Mitchel's case is more credible than recent scholars suggest; few would agree.
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Saville, Amanda C.; Martin, Michael D.; Ristaino, Jean B. (28 December 2016). "Historic Late Blight Outbreaks Caused by a Widespread Dominant Lineage of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary". PLOS ONE. 11 (12): e0168381. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1168381S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168381. PMC 5193357. PMID 28030580.
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Falc'her-Poyroux, Erick (2014). "The Great Irish Famine in Songs". Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique. XIX (2): 157–172. doi:10.4000/rfcb.277. ISSN 2429-4373.
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worldcat.org

John., Kelly (2015), The graves are walking : the great famine and the saga of the Irish people, Tantor Media, ISBN 978-1-4526-2787-8, OCLC 915811247, retrieved 21 January 2022