Hadith (English Wikipedia)

Boodhoo, FK. The Impact of Western Criticisms of Hadith on Muslim Scholarship (PDF). pp. 4, 5. Among the various works published on the subject by Western scholars, two major works stood out and became the basis of future Western studies on hadith. The first one was "Muhammedanische Studien" (Muslim Studies) by Ignaz Goldziher in 1889 and 1890, and the second was "The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence" by Joseph Schacht published in 1950. Goldziher adopted a critical and historical-analytical approach to the study of hadith (Alshehri 2014). According to him there was no scientific guarantee to support the proposition that hadith reflected the actual words, action or consent of the Prophet. His studies on the subject led him to conclude that the bulk of hadith in existence was nothing more than the result of socio-religious growth that occurred in early Muslim society. According to Goldziher (1971) ,"hadith will not serve as a document for the history of the infancy of Islam, but rather as a reflection of the tendencies which appeared in the community during the mature ages of its development." Among the issues that led Goldziher to such conclusion was the fact that there were fewer hadith during the early stages of Islam compared to the later eras, and there were fewer narrations attributed to the senior companions as compared to the younger ones. Since a large portion of the traditions originated after the death of the Prophet and the companions, he concluded that there was an early large-scale fabrication of hadith by later generations to fulfil the legal need of the growing Muslim society and to fill in legal gaps which the Quran was not able to do (Goldziher 1973).

ahlulhadeeth.wordpress.com

Abu Hibban; Abu Khuzaimah Ansari (28 May 2015). "Shaikh Shah Waliullahs Dehlawi's (1176H) Inclination in Fiqh and his Hanafiyyah – al-Allamah Shaikh Muhammad Ismaeel Salafi (1378H)". ahl ul hadeeth. Retrieved 14 June 2018.

al-islam.org

"The Major Difference Between the Shi'a and the Sunni". Ahlul Bayt Digital Library Project. 12 November 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2018.

almodarresi.com

Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi (26 March 2016). The Laws of Islam (PDF). Enlight Press. ISBN 978-0994240989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2017.

alrahman.de

"DeRudKR - Kap. 27: Was bedeutet 'Gehorcht dem Gesandten'?". Alrahman (in German). 6 March 2006.

archive.org

"Hans Wehr English&Arabic Dictionary".
An-Nawawi, Riyadh As-Salihin, 1975: p.203 Muhyi ad-Din Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Sharaf an-Nawawi (1975). Riyadh as-Salihin [Gardens of the Righteous]. Mauhammad Zafulla Khan, translator. New York: Olive Branch Press. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^{[dead link‍]}
An-Nawawi, Riyadh As-Salihin, 1975: p.168 Muhyi ad-Din Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Sharaf an-Nawawi (1975). Riyadh as-Salihin [Gardens of the Righteous]. Mauhammad Zafulla Khan, translator. New York: Olive Branch Press. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^{[dead link‍]}
An-Nawawi, Riyadh As-Salihin, 1975: p.229 Muhyi ad-Din Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Sharaf an-Nawawi (1975). Riyadh as-Salihin [Gardens of the Righteous]. Mauhammad Zafulla Khan, translator. New York: Olive Branch Press. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^{[dead link‍]}
J.A.C. Brown, Misquoting Muhammad, 2014: p.18 Brown, Jonathan A.C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1780744209. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
J.A.C. Brown, Misquoting Muhammad, 2014: p.8 Brown, Jonathan A.C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1780744209. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
Lewis, Bernard (1993). Islam and the West. Oxford University Press. p. 44. ISBN 9780198023937. Retrieved 28 March 2018. hadith.
J.A.C. Brown, Misquoting Muhammad, 2014: p.94 Brown, Jonathan A.C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1780744209. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
An-Nawawi, Riyadh As-Salihin, 1975: chapter 100 Muhyi ad-Din Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Sharaf an-Nawawi (1975). Riyadh as-Salihin [Gardens of the Righteous]. Mauhammad Zafulla Khan, translator. New York: Olive Branch Press. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^{[dead link‍]}
An-Nawawi, Riyadh As-Salihin, 1975: chapters 117-122 Muhyi ad-Din Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Sharaf an-Nawawi (1975). Riyadh as-Salihin [Gardens of the Righteous]. Mauhammad Zafulla Khan, translator. New York: Olive Branch Press. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^{[dead link‍]}
An-Nawawi, Riyadh As-Salihin, 1975: chapters 127,128,310 Muhyi ad-Din Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Sharaf an-Nawawi (1975). Riyadh as-Salihin [Gardens of the Righteous]. Mauhammad Zafulla Khan, translator. New York: Olive Branch Press. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^{[dead link‍]}
J.A.C. Brown, Misquoting Muhammad, 2014: p.65 Brown, Jonathan A.C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1780744209. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
J.A.C. Brown, Misquoting Muhammad, 2014: p.6 Brown, Jonathan A.C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1780744209. Retrieved 4 June 2018.

aslamna.info

"Qu'est-ce que le hadith Qudsi ?". aslamna.info.

bbc.co.uk

"Religions. Sunni and Shi'a". BBC. Retrieved 28 March 2018.

books.google.com

Azami, Muhammad Mustafa (1978). Studies in Hadith Methodology and Literature. American Trust Publications. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-89259-011-7. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
Al-Bukhari, Imam (2003). Moral Teachings of Islam: Prophetic Traditions from Al-Adab Al-mufrad By Muḥammad ibn Ismāʻīl Bukhārī. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 9780759104174.
al-Fadli, Abd al-Hadi (2011). Introduction to Hadith (2nd ed.). London: ICAS Press. p. vii. ISBN 9781904063476.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Sindima, Harvey J. (2 November 2017). Major Issues in Islam: The Challenges within and Without. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7618-7017-3.
Deen, Sayyed M. (2007). Science Under Islam: Rise, Decline and Revival. Lulu.com. ISBN 9781847999429.
Campo, Juan Eduardo (2009). "Hadith". Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase. ISBN 9781438126968.
Pierce, Matthew (2016). Twelve Infallible Men. Harvard University Press. pp. 17–18. ISBN 9780674737075. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
Tschalaer, Mengia Hong (2017). Muslim Women's Quest for Justice: Gender, Law and Activism in India. Cambridge University Press. p. 31. ISBN 9781108225724. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
al-Fadli, Abd al-Hadi (2011). Introduction to Hadith (2nd ed.). London: ICAS Press. p. 59. ISBN 9781904063476.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
al-Fadli, Abd al-Hadi (2011). Introduction to Hadith (2nd ed.). London: ICAS Press. p. 62. ISBN 9781904063476.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Graham, William A. (1977). Divine Word and Prophetic Word in Early Islam: A Reconsideration of the Sources, with Special Reference to the Divine Saying or Hadith Qudsi. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 3110803593.
Khoury, Raif Georges; Lahiah, Abd Allah Ibn; Lahīʻah, ʻAbd Allāh Ibn (1986). 'Abd Allah ibn Lahi'a (97-174/715-790) (in French). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-02578-2.
Munabbih, Wahb ibn; Khoury, Raif Georges (1972). Wahb b. Munabbih (in German). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-01469-4.
Lewis, Bernard (2011). The End of Modern History in the Middle East. Hoover Institution Press. pp. 79–80. ISBN 9780817912963. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
Dr Rashad Khalifa (2001), Quran, Hadith and Islam (in German), Dr. Rashad Khalifa Ph.D., retrieved 12 June 2021

britannica.com

"Hadith". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
Sayeed, Asma (20 October 2023). "Hadith". Encyclopedia of Britannica Online.

daralislam.org

Shafi, Mohammad. "The HADITH - How it was Collected and Compiled" (PDF). Dar al-Islam. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 26 October 2019.

dictionary.com

"Hadith". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved 13 August 2011.

doi.org

Brown, Jonathan (2011). "Even If It's Not True It's True: Using Unreliable Hadīths in Sunni Islam". Islamic Law and Society. 18 (1): 1–52. doi:10.1163/156851910x517056. ISSN 0928-9380.
Brown, Daniel W. (2 January 2020), Brown, Daniel W. (ed.), "Western Hadith Studies", The Wiley Blackwell Concise Companion to the Hadith (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 39–56, doi:10.1002/9781118638477.ch2, ISBN 978-1-118-63851-4, retrieved 26 June 2024
Motzki, Harald (1991). "The Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani as a Source of Authentic Ahadith of the First Century A.H.". Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 50: 21. doi:10.1086/373461. S2CID 162187154.
Schacht, Joseph (1960). Problems of Modern Islamic Legislation. Brill. doi:10.2307/1595112. JSTOR 1595112.
B. Hallaq, Wael (1999). "The Authenticity of Prophetic Ḥadîth: A Pseudo-Problem". Studia Islamica. 89 (1999) (89): 75–90. doi:10.2307/1596086. JSTOR 1596086.
Hoyland, Robert (March 2007). "Writing the Biography of the Prophet Muhammad: Problems and Solutions". History Compass. 5 (2): 581–602. doi:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2007.00395.x. ISSN 1478-0542.
Görke, Andreas (2 January 2020), Brown, Daniel W. (ed.), "Muhammad", The Wiley Blackwell Concise Companion to the Hadith (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 75–90, doi:10.1002/9781118638477.ch4, ISBN 978-1-118-63851-4, retrieved 29 June 2024

dx.doi.org

Brown, Jonathan (2011). "Even If It's Not True It's True: Using Unreliable Hadīths in Sunni Islam". Islamic Law and Society. 18 (1): 1–52. doi:10.1163/156851910x517056. ISSN 0928-9380.

ejtaal.net

"Mawrid Reader". ejtaal.net.

islamic-awareness.org

"PERF No. 731: The Earliest Manuscript Of Malik's Muwatta' Dated To His Own Time". www.islamic-awareness.org. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
"PERF No. 665: The Earliest Extant Manuscript Of The Sirah Of Prophet Muhammad By Ibn Hisham". www.islamic-awareness.org. Retrieved 27 June 2022.

jstor.org

Schacht, Joseph (1960). Problems of Modern Islamic Legislation. Brill. doi:10.2307/1595112. JSTOR 1595112.
B. Hallaq, Wael (1999). "The Authenticity of Prophetic Ḥadîth: A Pseudo-Problem". Studia Islamica. 89 (1999) (89): 75–90. doi:10.2307/1596086. JSTOR 1596086.

listverse.com

"10 Forgotten Sects of Major Religions". 8 April 2016.

livingislam.org

see also Haddad, GF; Hajj Gibril. "The Hadith: "My Companions Are Like The Stars"". living islam.

monthly-renaissance.com

Islahi, Amin Ahsan (1989) [transl. 2009]. Mabadi Tadabbur-i-Hadith (translated as: "Fundamentals of Hadith Interpretation") (in Urdu). Lahore: Al-Mawrid. Retrieved 2 June 2011.

mtak.hu

real.mtak.hu

Goldziher, Ignaz (1890). Muhammedanische studien [Muslim studies] (PDF) (in German).

mutazila.net

Martin, Matthew (2013). Mu'tazila - use of reason in Islamic theology. Amazon. Retrieved 8 September 2015.

oed.com

"hadith". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)

opendemocracy.net

Crone, Patricia (10 June 2008). "What do we actually know about Muhammad?". Open Democracy. Retrieved 16 April 2018.^{[dead link‍]}

qarawiyyinproject.co

Project, The Qarawiyyin (21 December 2018). "The evolution of the Hadith science". The Qarawiyyin Project. Retrieved 15 November 2024.

qurano.com

"Surah Al-Jumu'a, Word by word translation of verse number 2-3 (Tafsir included) | الجمعة - Quran O". qurano.com. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
"Surah Al-Qiyamah | 2 of 4 | al-Q̈iyamah | Chapter: 75 - Quran O". qurano.com. Retrieved 16 September 2022.

quransmessage.com

Islam, Joseph A. "THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HADITH AND SUNNA". The Quran and Its Message. Retrieved 26 March 2018.

scribd.com

Brown, Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought, 1996: p.7 Brown, Daniel W. (1996). Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521570778. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Brown, Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought, 1996: p.11 Brown, Daniel W. (1996). Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521570778. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Ibn Sa’d, Tabaqat, III/1, 243. Cf G.H.A. Juynboll, Muslim Traditions: Studies in Chronology, Provenance and Authorship of Early Hadith (Cambridge, 1983; Juynboll, G.H.A., “Some New Ideas on the Development of Sunna as a Technical Term in Early Islam”, ‘’Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam’’ 10 (1987): p.108, cited in Brown, Daniel W. (1996). Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought. Cambridge University Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-0521570770. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Brown, Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought, 1996: p.12 Brown, Daniel W. (1996). Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521570778. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Brown, Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought, 1996: p.8 Brown, Daniel W. (1996). Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521570778. Retrieved 10 May 2018.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Motzki, Harald (1991). "The Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani as a Source of Authentic Ahadith of the First Century A.H.". Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 50: 21. doi:10.1086/373461. S2CID 162187154.

soerenkern.com

Forte, David F. (1978). "Islamic Law; the impact of Joseph Schacht" (PDF). Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review. 1: 2. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
Forte, David F. (1978). "Islamic Law; the impact of Joseph Schacht" (PDF). Loyola Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review. 1: 13. Retrieved 19 April 2018.

web.archive.org

Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi (26 March 2016). The Laws of Islam (PDF). Enlight Press. ISBN 978-0994240989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
Shafi, Mohammad. "The HADITH - How it was Collected and Compiled" (PDF). Dar al-Islam. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 26 October 2019.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Brown, Daniel W. (2 January 2020), Brown, Daniel W. (ed.), "Western Hadith Studies", The Wiley Blackwell Concise Companion to the Hadith (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 39–56, doi:10.1002/9781118638477.ch2, ISBN 978-1-118-63851-4, retrieved 26 June 2024
Görke, Andreas (2 January 2020), Brown, Daniel W. (ed.), "Muhammad", The Wiley Blackwell Concise Companion to the Hadith (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 75–90, doi:10.1002/9781118638477.ch4, ISBN 978-1-118-63851-4, retrieved 29 June 2024

compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Hoyland, Robert (March 2007). "Writing the Biography of the Prophet Muhammad: Problems and Solutions". History Compass. 5 (2): 581–602. doi:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2007.00395.x. ISSN 1478-0542.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Brown, Jonathan (2011). "Even If It's Not True It's True: Using Unreliable Hadīths in Sunni Islam". Islamic Law and Society. 18 (1): 1–52. doi:10.1163/156851910x517056. ISSN 0928-9380.
Tillier, Mathieu (2022). Supplier Dieu dans l'Égypte toulounide : Le florilège de l'invocation d'après Ḫālid b. Yazīd (IIIe/IXe siècle). Naïm Vanthieghem. Leiden. ISBN 978-90-04-52180-3. OCLC 1343008841.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Hoyland, Robert (March 2007). "Writing the Biography of the Prophet Muhammad: Problems and Solutions". History Compass. 5 (2): 581–602. doi:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2007.00395.x. ISSN 1478-0542.

worldcat.org

Tillier, Mathieu (2022). Supplier Dieu dans l'Égypte toulounide : Le florilège de l'invocation d'après Ḫālid b. Yazīd (IIIe/IXe siècle). Naïm Vanthieghem. Leiden. ISBN 978-90-04-52180-3. OCLC 1343008841.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)