Hanaoka Seishū (English Wikipedia)

Giles L (transl.) (1948). Cranmer-Byng JL (ed.). A Gallery of Chinese immortals: selected biographies, translated from Chinese sources by Lionel Giles (Wisdom of the East series) (1 ed.). London: John Murray. Retrieved 2010-09-14. The well-attested fact that Hua T'o made use of an anaesthetic for surgical operations over 1,600 years before Sir James Simpson certainly places him to our eyes on a pinnacle of fame....

archive.org

Perrin, N (1979). Giving up the gun: Japan's reversion to the sword, 1543-1879. Boston: David R. Godine. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-87923-773-8. Retrieved 2010-09-13. Giving up the gun Noel Perrin.

biomedsearch.com

Matsuki A (2000). "New studies on the history of anesthesiology--a new study on Seishū Hanaoka's "Nyugan Ckiken Roku" (a surgical experience with breast cancer)". Masui: The Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology. 49 (9): 1038–43. ISSN 0021-4892. PMID 11025965. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

books.google.com

Giles HA (1898). A Chinese Biographical Dictionary. London: Bernard Quaritch. pp. 323–4, 762–3. Retrieved 2010-09-14. If a disease seemed beyond the reach of needles and cautery, he operated, giving his patients a dose of hashish which rendered them unconscious.
Wang Z; Ping C (1999). "Well-known medical scientists: Hua Tuo". In Ping C (ed.). History and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Vol. 1. Beijing: Science Press. pp. 88–93. ISBN 978-7-03-006567-4. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Gordon BL (1949). Medicine throughout Antiquity (1 ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company. pp. 358, 379, 385, 387. ISBN 9780598609977. OCLC 1574261. Retrieved 2010-09-14. Pien Chiao (ca. 300 BC) used general anesthesia for surgical procedures. It is recorded that he gave two men, named "Lu" and "Chao", a toxic drink which rendered them unconscious for three days, during which time he performed a gastrotomy upon them
Ch'en S (2000). "The Biography of Hua-t'o from the History of the Three Kingdoms". In Mair VH (ed.). The shorter Columbia anthology of traditional Chinese literature. Vol. Part III: Prose. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 441–9. ISBN 978-0-231-11998-6. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Lu GD; Needham J (2002). "Acupuncture and major surgery". Celestial lancets: a history and rationale of acupuncture and moxa. London: RoutledgeCurzon. pp. 218–30. ISBN 978-0-7007-1458-2. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Hyodo M (1992). "Doctor S. Hanaoka, the world's-first success in providing general anesthesia". In Hyodo M, Oyama T, Swerdlow M (eds.). The Pain Clinic IV: proceedings of the fourth international symposium. Utrecht, Netherlands: VSP. pp. 3–12. ISBN 978-90-6764-147-0. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

doi.org

Izuo M (2004). "Medical history: Seishū Hanaoka and his success in breast cancer surgery under general anesthesia two hundred years ago". Breast Cancer. 11 (4): 319–24. doi:10.1007/BF02968037. PMID 15604985. S2CID 43428862.
Toby RP (1977). "Reopening the Question of Sakoku: Diplomacy in the Legitimation of the Tokugawa Bakufu". Journal of Japanese Studies. 3 (2): 323–63. doi:10.2307/132115. JSTOR 132115.
Fu LK (2002). "Hua Tuo, the Chinese god of surgery". J Med Biogr. 10 (3): 160–6. doi:10.1177/096777200201000310. PMID 12114950. S2CID 31655903. Archived from the original on 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Wai FK (2004). "On Hua Tuo's Position in the History of Chinese Medicine". The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 32 (2): 313–20. doi:10.1142/S0192415X04001965. PMID 15315268. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Ogata T (1973). "Seishu Hanaoka and his anaesthesiology and surgery". Anaesthesia. 28 (6): 645–52. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1973.tb00549.x. PMID 4586362. S2CID 31352880.
Tominaga T (1994). "Presidential address: Newly established Japanese breast cancer society and the future". Breast Cancer. 1 (2): 69–78. doi:10.1007/BF02967035. PMID 11091513. S2CID 27050128.

dynamicchiropractic.com

Chen J (2008). "A Brief Biography of Hua Tuo". Acupuncture Today. 9 (8). ISSN 1526-7784. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

general-anaesthesia.com

van D. JH (2010). "Chosen-asagao and the recipe for Hanaoka's anesthetic 'tsusensan'". Brighton, UK: BLTC Research. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

jstor.org

Toby RP (1977). "Reopening the Question of Sakoku: Diplomacy in the Legitimation of the Tokugawa Bakufu". Journal of Japanese Studies. 3 (2): 323–63. doi:10.2307/132115. JSTOR 132115.

lww.com

journals.lww.com

Long CW (1849). "An account of the first use of Sulphuric Ether by Inhalation as an Anaesthetic in Surgical Operations". Southern Medical and Surgical Journal. 5: 705–13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

neuro.org.tw

Chu NS (2004). "Legendary Hwa Tuo's surgery under general anesthesia in the second century China" (PDF). Acta Neurol Taiwan (in Chinese). 13 (4): 211–6. ISSN 1028-768X. PMID 15666698. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-26. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Mestler GE (1956). "A galaxy of old Japanese medical books with miscellaneous notes on early medicine in Japan. IV. Ophthalmology, psychiatry, dentistry". Bull Med Libr Assoc. 44 (3): 327–47. PMC 200027. PMID 13342674.
Izuo M (2004). "Medical history: Seishū Hanaoka and his success in breast cancer surgery under general anesthesia two hundred years ago". Breast Cancer. 11 (4): 319–24. doi:10.1007/BF02968037. PMID 15604985. S2CID 43428862.
Mestler GE (1956). "A galaxy of old Japanese medical books with miscellaneous notes on early medicine in Japan. Part III.: urology, syphilology and dermatology; surgery and pathology". Bull Med Libr Assoc. 44 (2): 125–59. PMC 199999. PMID 13304528.
Chu NS (2004). "Legendary Hwa Tuo's surgery under general anesthesia in the second century China" (PDF). Acta Neurol Taiwan (in Chinese). 13 (4): 211–6. ISSN 1028-768X. PMID 15666698. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-26. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Fu LK (2002). "Hua Tuo, the Chinese god of surgery". J Med Biogr. 10 (3): 160–6. doi:10.1177/096777200201000310. PMID 12114950. S2CID 31655903. Archived from the original on 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Wai FK (2004). "On Hua Tuo's Position in the History of Chinese Medicine". The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 32 (2): 313–20. doi:10.1142/S0192415X04001965. PMID 15315268. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Ogata T (1973). "Seishu Hanaoka and his anaesthesiology and surgery". Anaesthesia. 28 (6): 645–52. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1973.tb00549.x. PMID 4586362. S2CID 31352880.
Matsuki A (1999). "A bibliographical study on Shutei Nakagawa's "Mayaku-ko" (a collection of anesthetics and analgesics)--a comparism of four manuscripts". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 45 (4): 585–99. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 11624281. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Matsuki A (2000). "New studies on the history of anesthesiology--a new study on Seishū Hanaoka's "Nyugan Ckiken Roku" (a surgical experience with breast cancer)". Masui: The Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology. 49 (9): 1038–43. ISSN 0021-4892. PMID 11025965. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Tominaga T (1994). "Presidential address: Newly established Japanese breast cancer society and the future". Breast Cancer. 1 (2): 69–78. doi:10.1007/BF02967035. PMID 11091513. S2CID 27050128.
Matsuki A (2002). "A Study on Seishu Hanaoka's Nyugan Seimei Roku (Scroll of Diseases): A Name List of Breast Cancer Patients". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 48 (1): 53–65. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 12152628. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Mestler GE (1956). "A galaxy of old Japanese medical books with miscellaneous notes on early medicine in Japan. IV. Ophthalmology, psychiatry, dentistry". Bull Med Libr Assoc. 44 (3): 327–47. PMC 200027. PMID 13342674.
Mestler GE (1956). "A galaxy of old Japanese medical books with miscellaneous notes on early medicine in Japan. Part III.: urology, syphilology and dermatology; surgery and pathology". Bull Med Libr Assoc. 44 (2): 125–59. PMC 199999. PMID 13304528.

sciencelinks.jp

Matsuki A (1999). "A bibliographical study on Shutei Nakagawa's "Mayaku-ko" (a collection of anesthetics and analgesics)--a comparism of four manuscripts". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 45 (4): 585–99. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 11624281. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Matsuki A (2002). "A Study on Seishu Hanaoka's Nyugan Seimei Roku (Scroll of Diseases): A Name List of Breast Cancer Patients". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 48 (1): 53–65. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 12152628. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Izuo M (2004). "Medical history: Seishū Hanaoka and his success in breast cancer surgery under general anesthesia two hundred years ago". Breast Cancer. 11 (4): 319–24. doi:10.1007/BF02968037. PMID 15604985. S2CID 43428862.
Fu LK (2002). "Hua Tuo, the Chinese god of surgery". J Med Biogr. 10 (3): 160–6. doi:10.1177/096777200201000310. PMID 12114950. S2CID 31655903. Archived from the original on 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Ogata T (1973). "Seishu Hanaoka and his anaesthesiology and surgery". Anaesthesia. 28 (6): 645–52. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1973.tb00549.x. PMID 4586362. S2CID 31352880.
Tominaga T (1994). "Presidential address: Newly established Japanese breast cancer society and the future". Breast Cancer. 1 (2): 69–78. doi:10.1007/BF02967035. PMID 11091513. S2CID 27050128.

usda.gov

grande.nal.usda.gov

Fu LK (2002). "Hua Tuo, the Chinese god of surgery". J Med Biogr. 10 (3): 160–6. doi:10.1177/096777200201000310. PMID 12114950. S2CID 31655903. Archived from the original on 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

web.archive.org

Chu NS (2004). "Legendary Hwa Tuo's surgery under general anesthesia in the second century China" (PDF). Acta Neurol Taiwan (in Chinese). 13 (4): 211–6. ISSN 1028-768X. PMID 15666698. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-26. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Fu LK (2002). "Hua Tuo, the Chinese god of surgery". J Med Biogr. 10 (3): 160–6. doi:10.1177/096777200201000310. PMID 12114950. S2CID 31655903. Archived from the original on 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Matsuki A (1999). "A bibliographical study on Shutei Nakagawa's "Mayaku-ko" (a collection of anesthetics and analgesics)--a comparism of four manuscripts". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 45 (4): 585–99. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 11624281. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Matsuki A (2002). "A Study on Seishu Hanaoka's Nyugan Seimei Roku (Scroll of Diseases): A Name List of Breast Cancer Patients". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 48 (1): 53–65. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 12152628. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

worldcat.org

Chu NS (2004). "Legendary Hwa Tuo's surgery under general anesthesia in the second century China" (PDF). Acta Neurol Taiwan (in Chinese). 13 (4): 211–6. ISSN 1028-768X. PMID 15666698. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-26. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Chen J (2008). "A Brief Biography of Hua Tuo". Acupuncture Today. 9 (8). ISSN 1526-7784. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Gordon BL (1949). Medicine throughout Antiquity (1 ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company. pp. 358, 379, 385, 387. ISBN 9780598609977. OCLC 1574261. Retrieved 2010-09-14. Pien Chiao (ca. 300 BC) used general anesthesia for surgical procedures. It is recorded that he gave two men, named "Lu" and "Chao", a toxic drink which rendered them unconscious for three days, during which time he performed a gastrotomy upon them
Matsuki A (1999). "A bibliographical study on Shutei Nakagawa's "Mayaku-ko" (a collection of anesthetics and analgesics)--a comparism of four manuscripts". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 45 (4): 585–99. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 11624281. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Matsuki A (2000). "New studies on the history of anesthesiology--a new study on Seishū Hanaoka's "Nyugan Ckiken Roku" (a surgical experience with breast cancer)". Masui: The Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology. 49 (9): 1038–43. ISSN 0021-4892. PMID 11025965. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Matsuki A (2002). "A Study on Seishu Hanaoka's Nyugan Seimei Roku (Scroll of Diseases): A Name List of Breast Cancer Patients". Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society for Medical History) (in Japanese). 48 (1): 53–65. ISSN 0549-3323. PMID 12152628. Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-13.

worldscinet.com

Wai FK (2004). "On Hua Tuo's Position in the History of Chinese Medicine". The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 32 (2): 313–20. doi:10.1142/S0192415X04001965. PMID 15315268. Retrieved 2010-09-13.